Université Paris Sciences et Lettres

Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (Université PSL or simply PSL) is a French public university, established in 2010, and formally created as a University in 2019.[1] It is a collegiate university with 11 constituent schools. PSL is located in central Paris, with its main sites in the Latin Quarter, at the Jourdan campus, at Porte Dauphine, in northern Paris, and at Carré Richelieu.

Université Paris Sciences et Lettres
Université PSL
TypeResearch and Higher Education Institution
EstablishedApril 2010
Endowment€750 million
PresidentAlain Fuchs
Academic staff
2 900
Students17,000
Location
Paris
,
France

48°51′16.784″N 2°20′16.128″E
CampusQuartier latin, Campus Condorcet, Jourdan, Porte Dauphine, Meudon
Websitewww.psl.eu/en

PSL awards Bachelor's, Master's, and PhD diplomas for its constituent schools and institutes. It offers an education based on research and interdisciplinary instruction, and its 17,000 students have access to a broad range of disciplines in science, engineering, humanities and social sciences, and performing arts.

In 2020, Université PSL is ranked, globally, 45th by the Times Higher Education World University Rankings[2] and 52nd in 2021 by the QS World University Rankings which places it at the first rank in France.

PSL's alumni include 28 Nobel laureats, 10 Fields Medalists, 3 Abel laureats, 48 CNRS Gold Medalists, 50 César and 79 Molière winners.[3][4]

History
Collège de France, one leading college of Université PSL

In 2004, institutions in the Latin Quarter began thinking of how to join forces to boost their international visibility. The French law on research enacted in 2006, which encouraged the formation of research networks (in various forms including PRES and RTRA), paved the way for new projects such as Paris Universitas, PRES ParisTech and an early version of the PSL project. This new organization combined five institutions of higher education in the Latin Quarter: Chimie ParisTech, Collège de France, École normale supérieure (Paris), École Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), and Observatoire de Paris.[5] Together, they adopted the status of a scientific cooperation foundation (FCS) (fr). The new entity, called "Paris Sciences et Lettres – Quartier Latin", was initially conceived as a scientific alliance.[6][7] In 2011, the five institutions submitted a joint application for the Initiatives for Excellence (IDEX) as part of France's Investing for the Future program (PIA), causing the project to evolve into a new form of French university. This university would have 70% of its students at the Master's and PhD level and offer a Bachelor's program, with an emphasis on equal opportunity students (40% scholarship students in the CPES multidisciplinary preparatory class).
In 2011, the five institutions submitted a joint application for a government funding opportunity among higher education institutions.

Paris-Dauphine

Development

Between 2011 and 2012, ten new institutions joined the foundation: Conservatoire National Supérieur d’Art Dramatique, Conservatoire National Supérieur de Musique et de Danse de Paris, École Nationale Supérieure des Arts Décoratifs, École Nationale Supérieure des Beaux-Arts, La Fémis, Pierre-Gilles de Gennes Foundation for Research, Institut Curie, Institut Louis-Bachelier, MINES ParisTech and Université Paris-Dauphine.[8]
Their arrival reinforced PSL's scientific potential in the fields of engineering, biology, the arts, and management. In 2014, another four institutions specializing in humanities and social science joined the association: École Française d'Extrême-Orient, École des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), École Nationale des Chartes, and École Pratique des Hautes Etudes (EPHE).[9]
In 2015, PSL organized itself into a university community (ComUE: PSL Research University).[10] PSL began awarding PhDs at that point.

"Investing for the Future" program

In 2010, the French government launched a call for proposals to boost higher education: the Investing for the Future program (also called the grand emprunt). PSL has successfully responded to several calls for proposals. In 2011, with the Initiatives for Excellence call for proposals, PSL was one of the first three projects selected,[11][12] along with Université de Bordeaux and Université de Strasbourg.[13]

Although the project's diverse participants have sometimes been cited as a weakness, PSL's proponents emphasize the complementary nature of its institutions and the potential for collaboration.[14] This funding has supported the creation of 11 Laboratories of excellence (Labex) within PSL: CelTisPhyBio, DCBIOL, DEEP, DYNAMO, ENS-ICFP, ESEP, IEC, IPGG, MemoLife, TransferS, and WIFI. In 2014, the Corail, HaStec, and TEPSIS Labex laboratories joined the list with EHESS and EPHE becoming members of PSL. Also in 2011, PSL's institutions presented projects under the "Equipped with excellence" (Equipex) program. Of the 10 initial submissions, they were granted 8 Equipex facilities: BEDOFIH, D-FIH, Equip@Meso, ICGex, IPGG, Paris-en-Resonnance, Planaqua, Ultrabrain. These projects received funding in amounts ranging from €2 to €10 million.

In 2017, after a detailed process of consideration, 9 institutions agreed to set up an integrated budget and a multi-year strategy for academic recruitment, as well as to create a number of shared platforms and services. Chimie ParisTech, École Nationale des Chartes, École Normale Supérieure, École Pratique des Hautes Etudes, ESPCI Paris, Institut Curie, Observatoire de Paris, MINES ParisTech, Université Paris-Dauphine decided to jointly form Université PSL with a unified strategy, integrated budget, and coordinated human resources policy. The agreement approved by their respective boards calls for the schools and institutions that form the university to adopt a unified strategy, submit to the budgetary authority of the university president, jointly plan their recruitment, and transfer all of their diplomas to PSL. Towards the end of the process, in 2018, one of the former members, EHESS, did not approve the new statutes and decided not to be part of the target University.[15]

Beaux-Arts de Paris, Collège de France, Conservatoire National Supérieur d’Art Dramatique, Conservatoire National Supérieur de Musique et de Danse de Paris, École Française d’Extrême-Orient, École Nationale Supérieure des Arts Décoratifs, La Fémis, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique and Institut Louis Bachelier are recognized as associates of the university pending later integration.

University status (2019)

In 2018, an opportunity to formally create a full University arose with a new Ordonnance (ordinance)[16] allowing to create a collegiate University, whose constituents may keep their legal personality, quite similarly to the constituent faculties of a British university like University of Cambridge. This Ordinance was frequently nicknamed 'Ordonnance PSL' because it was generally considered that PSL would be one of the obvious beneficiary of this new opportunity.

In 2019, a few changes occur in the list of constituents, and finally 9 institutions approve the new statutes and become établissement-composante (constituent college): Chimie ParisTech, Conservatoire national supérieur d’art dramatique, École Nationale des Chartes, École normale supérieure, École pratique des hautes études, ESPCI Paris, Observatoire de Paris, MINES ParisTech, Paris Dauphine. In complement, two members with very specific statutes College de France and Institut Curie become associate-members, also participating closely to the governance of the University. Associate members contribute to the strategy of the University, receive financial resources from PSL University and may carry scientific programs on behalf and by delegation thereof.

Three national research organisations - CNRS, INRIA, and Inserm - provide strategic and financial support to the university and participate in the Board of Directors.

The decree creating Université PSL as a collegiate university, together with the new statutes of the University, is published in November 2019.[1]

Presidents

The current president is Alain Fuchs. He took over the position from Thierry Coulhon, who was appointed advisor to the French President in charge of Education, Higher Education, and Research.

  • 2012–2014: Monique Canto-Sperber, previously director of ENS, founder and first president of PSL[17]
  • September 2014 – February 2015 (acting) Romain Soubeyran, director of MINES ParisTech
  • 2014–2017: Thierry Coulhon, previously director of the Mathematical Sciences Institute at Australian National University in Canberra[18]
  • June – October 2017 (acting) Marc Mézard, director of ENS[19]
  • 2017 – to present: Alain Fuchs, previously president of CNRS[20]

Members, associates, and entities

PSL is a mid-size collegiate university (17,000 students). It includes 11 constituent schools as of January 2020: 9 member institutions and 2 associate-members, with plans to gradually expand to include some or all of the other associates. Three national research organisations (CNRS, Inserm, INRIA) are involved in governance and help define PSL's strategy, with which they coordinate their own strategies.

Member schools Academic partners of Université PSL Research organisations
Chimie ParisTech Beaux-Arts de Paris CNRS
Conservatoire national supérieur d'art dramatique École française d'Extrême-Orient (EFEO) Inria
École normale supérieure École nationale d'administration Inserm
École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE) École nationale supérieure des arts décoratifs
ESPCI Paris La Fémis
École nationale des chartes Lycée Henri-IV
MINES ParisTech Institut Louis Bachelier
Observatoire de Paris ENSA Paris-Malaquais
Université Paris-Dauphine
Collège de France
Institut Curie

Organization

PSL is administered by a Board of Directors chaired by the PSL president. It relies on the recommendations of an Academic Council and a Strategic Steering Committee. The executive organ of the university is the Executive Committee (the president, vice-presidents, and deans), supported by the Council of Members.

Programs

PSL offers education from undergraduate to doctoral level, across all academic disciplines, including life sciences, physical sciences, humanities and social sciences, creative arts, economics, administration and management.

All of PSL's institutions have adopted a model of education through research.

École normale supérieure

Undergraduate programs

PSL and the Lycée Henri IV, along with Mines ParisTech, ESPCI Paris, Paris Dauphine University, Paris Observatory, Ecole normale supérieure and Lycée Louis-le-Grand have implemented a three-year undergraduate program : CPES Multidisciplinary undergraduate course.[21]

At Université Paris-Dauphine, a constituent of Université PSL, bachelor's degrees are available for students in the following fields: management, economics and finance, accounting, applied mathematics, computing, journalism (IPJ-Dauphine).

Mines ParisTech

Sustainable Development Goals

PSL is co-leader of the SDSN Network for France, under the initiative of the United Nations.,[22] together with Kedge Business School and Universite Cergy-Pontoise. In this context, Université PSL is promoting that all students shall have access to courses related to climate, biodiversity and sustainability.

PSL has launched in 2020 a bachelor program dedicated to sustainability sciences.

PSL organizes a yearly summer school open to European students, to help understand the challenges of sustainable development : the European School of Positive Impact and Responsibility (ESPOIR).[23]

ESPCI Paris

Graduate education

Université PSL offers training programs for graduate students through its constituent schools in a broad array of disciplines : engineering, fine and applied arts, management, economics, biology, humanities and social sciences, astronomy.

The first post-graduate/Master programme to be created under the umbrella of PSL between l’Université Paris-Dauphine and the Ecole normale supérieure, was the specialization Peace Studies launched in 2014 within the Master of International affairs and development.[24]

École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts

Doctoral programs

More than 70% of PSL students are at the Master's or PhD level. University PSL Graduate Programs are inspired by the graduate schools that can be found in most of the world's research universities. The first two programs of this kind are a Graduate program in the Humanities (Translitterae) and a PhD program in Cognitive science (FrontCog).

SACRe Doctoral program

The "Science Art Creation Research" (SACRe) doctoral program aims at developing new fields of research by exploring the interfaces between the arts, and between arts and science (hard sciences as well as the humanities and social sciences). The program implements a new kind of PhD in Art strongly articulating practice and theoretical thinking. It brings together, along with the Ecole normale supérieure, five French schools of creative and performing arts : CNSAD (French professional acting school), Conservatoire national supérieur de musique et de danse de Paris (dance, music and sound design), École nationale supérieure des arts décoratifs, École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts, La Fémis.[25]

Observatoire de Paris

Research

PSL hosts some 140 laboratories, 2,900 research and teaching staff, and about 100 ERC grants. The scientific research strategy is organised around a core of discipline-specific programs and interdisciplinary programs such as the laboratories of excellence (Labex) (fr) and the Interdisciplinary and Strategic Research Initiatives. Examples of interdisciplinary programs are Scripta (History and practices of writing),[26] the OCAV program (Origins and Conditions for the Emergence of Life),[27] or the Q-Life Institute.

PSL's research landscape includes the following research fields: law, economics, and business administration; literature, literary theory, and philosophy; aesthetics and art theory; life and health sciences; area studies; energy and engineering; physics; chemistry; history; anthropology; informatics and data science; mathematics; materials science and soft matter science; cognitive science; sociology; earth & space science; religious studies; archaeology and heritage science.

International university rankings

The first recognition of PSL's existence as an integrated university came in 2017, when it appeared on the Times Higher Education ranking in 72rd place globally and 1st place in France, and 41st place globally in 2018.[28][2][29]

In 2020, PSL University appears for the first time in two other major university rankings : CWTS Leiden Ranking and ARWU: in the Shanghai ranking[30] it is ranked 36th and 2nd French University. In ARWU Global Ranking of Academic Subjects (also known as Shanghai Ranking by Subjects) University PSL is ranked among the best world universities in 39 of the 54 subjects, e.g., 10th in the world for Mathematics and for Physics, and 12th in Ecology.

In 2020, Université PSL is ranked, globally, 45th by the Times Higher Education World University Rankings[31] and 52nd in 2021 by the QS World University Rankings which places it at the first rank in France.[32]

Partnerships

International in scope, PSL has cultivated framework agreements with the University of Cambridge, UCL, EPFL, Columbia, Berkeley, NYU, Technion, ANU, Beida, Shanghai Jiao Tong, National Taiwan University, Tsinghua University, and Hong Kong University of Science and Technology.[33]

PSL Symphonic Orchestra and Choir

The PSL Orchestra and Choir is a choral symphonic ensemble open to all members of the Université PSL community. PSL Orchestra and Choir's musical season consists of five different programs and incorporates contemporary work from different countries.[34]

gollark: I mean, if you write a file to it, anyway.
gollark: Yes it would.
gollark: I mean, we could increase the barrier to entry for rednet, which is probably a good thing.
gollark: Sure?
gollark: I wouldn't actually make *and keep* 50000 computers.

References
  1. "Décret n° 2019-1130 du 5 novembre 2019 portant création de l'Université Paris sciences et lettres (Université PSL) et approbation de ses statuts".
  2. "PSL in the Top50, on Campus France web site".
  3. "Sapere Aude | PSL". www.psl.eu. Retrieved 2020-06-29.
  4. "PSL Quick facts | PSL". www.psl.eu. Retrieved 2020-06-29.
  5. "Cinq grandes écoles parisiennes créent une fondation". Le Monde. 2010-04-16.
  6. l'Etudiant/EducPros, ed. (2010-04-19). "Fondation "Paris sciences et lettres": cinq grandes écoles s'unissent dans le Quartier latin". Retrieved 2017-10-15.
  7. "Décret du 8 juillet 2010 portant approbation des statuts de la fondation de coopération scientifique « Paris Sciences et Lettres - Quartier latin »". JORF. 2010-07-10. p. 12809..
  8. "L'université Paris-Dauphine intègre le PRES "Paris Sciences et Lettres"". www.letudiant.fr/educpros. 2011-06-21.
  9. "L'EHESS choisit Paris Sciences et Lettres". www.letudiant.fr/educpros. 2014-12-01.
  10. "Décret n° 2015-408 du 10 avril 2015 portant approbation des statuts de la communauté d'universités et établissements « Université de recherche Paris sciences et lettres - PSL Research University »". Journal officiel de la République française. 2015-04-12. p. 6592..
  11. Sylvie Lecherbonnier et Camille Stromboni (2011-03-24). letudiant (ed.). "Confidentiel – IDEX : Paris Sciences et Lettres et Sorbonne Universités seraient les deux projets franciliens retenue". www.letudiant.fr/educpros.
  12. Marie Bartnik (2011-07-05). ""Paris sciences et lettres vise à valoriser la recherche"". Le Figaro.
  13. Agence France Presse (2011-07-04). "Grand emprunt/Idex: 3 projets choisis". Le Figaro.
  14. "Rapport officiel de l'évaluation de Psl par le jury Idex" (PDF). www.enc-sorbonne.fr. 2016-05-09.
  15. "EducPros: EHESS will not be a member". 17 April 2018.
  16. "Legislating by ordinance (French Government web site, 28 June 2017)".
  17. Floc'h Benoît (2012-02-22). "Monique Canto-Sperber quitte Normale sup pour la fondation « Paris Sciences et Lettres »". www.lemonde.fr.
  18. Céline Authemayou (2017-06-19). "Thierry Coulhon, conseiller enseignement supérieur et recherche à l'Élysée". letudiant.fr/educpros.
  19. Céline Authemayou (2017-05-24). "Marc Mézard, président par intérim de PSL". letudiant.fr/educpros.
  20. Le Figaro: Un nouveau président pour PSL - 2017-10-06 Read online
  21. Adrien de Tricornot (2015-10-07). "Entre fac et prépa, un nouveau cursus pour étudiants curieux de tout". Le Monde Campus.
  22. "SDSN France". February 2020.
  23. "European Summer School on Positive Impact and Responsibility (ESPOIR)".
  24. https://peacestudies.dauphine.fr/en/home.html
  25. Assma Maad (2012-10-16). "SACRe, un doctorat inédit alliant sciences et arts". Le Figaro économie.
  26. "Scripta (History and practices of writing)".
  27. "Origins and Conditions for the Emergence of Life (OCAV web site at PSL)".
  28. Times Higher Education: Paris Sciences et Lettres – PSL Research University Paris archive
  29. Le Monde 19 juin 2017 : Classement THE 2017 de la réputation des établissements : la France recule Read on line
  30. "ShanghaiRanking Academic Ranking of World Universities 2020 Press Release". ShanghaiRanking (ARWU). 2020-08-15. Retrieved 2020-08-15.
  31. "Paris Sciences et Lettres – PSL Research University Paris". Times Higher Education (THE). 2020-02-04. Retrieved 2020-06-29.
  32. "Université PSL". Top Universities. 2018-05-10. Retrieved 2020-06-29.
  33. "PSL Worldwide | PSL". www.psl.eu. Retrieved 2020-06-29.
  34. Jonathan Scott in Le Parisien: Paris / New York, 2015 archive

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