Orconectes

Orconectes
	Orconectes limosus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Subphylum:	Crustacea
Class:	Malacostraca
Order:	Decapoda
Family:	Cambaridae
Subfamily:	Cambarinae
Genus:	Orconectes; Cope, 1872
Type species
	Orconectes inermis; Cope, 1872
Subgenera
	Billecambarus; Buannulifictus; Crockerinus; Faxonius; Gremicambarus; Hespericambarus; Orconectes; Procericambarus; Rhoadesius; Tragulicambarus; Trisellescens;

Orconectes is a genus of freshwater crayfish, native to the eastern United States and Canada. It includes the rusty crayfish, an invasive species in North America, and Orconectes limosus, an invasive species in Europe.

Taxonomy

The genus Orconectes was erected in 1872 by Edward Drinker Cope to house Astacus pellucidus (now Orconectes pellucidus) and his new species, Orconectes inermis.[1]

Approximately 85 species are known, divided into 11 subgenera.[2]

Scientific name	Common name	Distribution	Authority	Year	Subgenus
O. acares	redspotted stream crayfish	Arkansas	Fitzpatrick	1965	Procericambarus
O. alabamensis	Alabama crayfish	Alabama, Mississippi, Tennessee	(Faxon)	1884	Trisellescens
O. australis	cave crayfish	Alabama, Tennessee	(Rhoades)	1941	Orconectes
O. barrenensis	Barren River crayfish	Kentucky, Tennessee	Rhoades	1944	Procericambarus
O. barri	Cumberland Plateau crayfish	Kentucky, Tennessee	Buhay & Crandall	2008	Orconectes
O. bellator	Screaming Eagle crayfish	Tennessee	Bloom, McCall, Schuster & Blanton	2019	Faxonius
O. bisectus	Crittenden crayfish	Kentucky	Rhoades	1944	Crockerinus
O. burri	Blood River crayfish	Kentucky, Tennessee	Taylor & Sabaj	1998	Crockerinus
O. carolinensis	North Carolina spiny crayfish	North Carolina	Cooper & Cooper	1995	Procericambarus
O. causeyi	western plains crayfish	Arkansas, Colorado, Kansas, Missouri, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas	Jester	1967	Gremicambarus
O. chickasawae	Chickasaw crayfish	Mississippi	Cooper & Hobbs	1980	Trisellescens
O. compressus	slender crayfish	Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, Tennessee	(Faxon)	1884	Gremicambarus
O. cooperi	Flint River crayfish	Alabama, Tennessee	Cooper & Hobbs	1980	Trisellescens
O. cristavarius	spiny stream crayfish	Kentucky, North Carolina, Virginia	Taylor	2000	Procericambarus
O. deanae	conchas crayfish	New Mexico, Oklahoma	Reimer & Jester	1975	Hespericambarus
O. difficilis	painted crayfish	Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Texas	(Faxon)	1898	Hespericambarus
O. durelli	saddle crayfish	Kentucky, Tennessee	Bouchard & Bouchard	1995	Procericambarus
O. erichsonianus	reticulate crayfish	Alabama, Georgia, Tennessee, Virginia	(Faxon)	1898	Crockerinus
O. etnieri	Ets crayfish	Mississippi, Tennessee	Bouchard & Bouchard	1976	Trisellescens
O. eupunctus	coldwater crayfish	Arkansas, Missouri	Williams	1952	Crockerinus
O. forceps	surgeon crayfish	Alabama, Georgia, Tennessee, Virginia	(Faxon)	1884	Procericambarus
O. harrisonii	belted crayfish	Missouri	(Faxon)	1884	Billecambarus
O. hartfieldi	Yazoo crayfish	Mississippi	Fitzpatrick & Suttkus	1992	Hespericambarus
O. hathawayi	Teche pointed crayfish	Louisiana	Penn	1952	Hespericambarus
O. hobbsi	Pontchartrain painted crayfish	Louisiana, Mississippi	Penn	1950	Buannulifictus
O. holti	bimaculate crayfish	Alabama	Cooper & Hobbs	1980	Trisellescens
O. hylas	woodland crayfish	Missouri	(Faxon)	1890	Procericambarus
O. illinoiensis	Shawnee crayfish	Illinois	Brown	1956	Crockerinus
O. immunis	calico crayfish	Canada, United States, introduced to Germany	(Hagen)	1870	Trisellescens
O. incomptus	Tennessee cave crayfish	Tennessee	Hobbs & Barr	1972	Orconectes
O. indianensis	Indiana crayfish	Illinois, Indiana	(Hay)	1896	Faxonius
O. inermis	ghost crayfish / unarmed crayfish	Indiana, Kentucky	Cope	1872	Orconectes
O. jeffersoni	Louisville crayfish	Kentucky	Rhoades	1944	Crockerinus
O. jonesi	Sucarnoochee crayfish	Alabama, Mississippi	Fitzpatrick	1992	Gremicambarus
O. juvenilis	Kentucky River crayfish	Indiana, Kentucky	(Hagen)	1870	Procericambarus
O. kentuckiensis	Kentucky crayfish	Illinois, Kentucky	Rhoades	1944	Rhoadesius
O. lancifer	shrimp crayfish	Arkansas, Illinois, Kentucky, Louisiana, Missouri, Mississippi, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Texas	(Hagen)	1870	Tragulicambarus
O. leptogonopodus	Little River Creek crayfish	Arkansas, Oklahoma	Hobbs	1948	Procericambarus
O. limosus	spinycheek crayfish	Eastern United States, introduced to Western Europe	(Rafinesque)	1817	Faxonius
O. longidigitus	longpincered crayfish	Arkansas, Missouri	(Faxon)	1898	Procericambarus
O. luteus	golden crayfish	Arkansas, Iowa, Illinois, Kansas, Missouri, Wisconsin	(Creaser)	1933	Procericambarus
O. macrus	Neosho midget crayfish	Arkansas, Missouri, Kansas	Williams	1952	Procericambarus
O. maletae	Kisatchie painted crayfish	Louisiana, Texas	Walls	1972	Hespericambarus
O. marchandi	Mammoth Spring crayfish	Arkansas, Missouri	Hobbs	1948	Crockerinus
O. margorectus	Livingston crayfish	Kentucky	Taylor	2002	Crockerinus
O. medius	saddlebacked crayfish	Missouri	(Faxon)	1884	Procericambarus
O. meeki	Meek's crayfish	Arkansas, Missouri, Oklahoma	(Faxon)	1898	Buannulifictus
O. menae	Mena crayfish	Arkansas, Oklahoma	(Creaser)	1933	Procericambarus
O. mirus	wonderful crayfish	Alabama, Tennessee	(Ortmann)	1931	Procericambarus
O. mississippiensis	Mississippi crayfish	Mississippi	(Faxon)	1884	Trisellescens
O. nais	water nymph crayfish	Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas	(Faxon)	1885	Gremicambarus
O. nana	midget crayfish	Arkansas, Oklahoma	Williams	1952	Procericambarus
O. neglectus	ringed crayfish	Arkansas, Colorado, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, Oklahoma	(Faxon)	1885	Procericambarus
O. obscurus	Allegheny crayfish	Ontario, Maryland, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia	(Hagen)	1870	Crockerinus
O. ozarkae	Ozark crayfish	Arkansas, Missouri	Williams	1952	Procericambarus
O. packardi	cave crayfish	Kentucky	Rhoades	1944	Orconectes
O. pagei	mottled crayfish	Tennessee	Taylor & Sabaj	1997	Orconectes
O. palmeri	gray-speckled crayfish	Arkansas, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Missouri, Mississippi, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Texas	(Faxon)	1884	Buannulifictus
O. pardalotus	leopard crayfish	Illinois	Wetzel, Poly & Fetzner	2005	Procericambarus
O. pellucidus	Mammoth Cave crayfish	Kentucky, Tennessee	(Tellkampf)	1844	Orconectes
O. perfectus	complete crayfish	Alabama, Mississippi	Walls	1972	Hespericambarus
O. peruncus	Big Creek crayfish	Missouri	(Creaser)	1931	Procericambarus
O. placidus	bigclaw crayfish	Alabama, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee	(Hagen)	1870	Procericambarus
O. propinquus	northern clearwater crayfish	Canada, Eastern United States	(Girard)	1852	Crockerinus
O. punctimanus	spothanded crayfish	Arkansas, Missouri	(Creaser)	1933	Procericambarus
O. putnami	phallic crayfish	Indiana, Kentucky, Tennessee	(Faxon)	1884	Procericambarus
O. quadruncus	St. Francis River crayfish	Missouri	(Creaser)	1933	Procericambarus
O. quinebaugensis	Quinebaug River crayfish	Massachusetts	Matthews & Warren	2008	Gremicambarus
O. rafinesquei	Rough River crayfish	Kentucky	Rhoades	1944	Crockerinus
O. raymondi	Norwood River crayfish	Ohio	Thoma & Stocker	2009	Procericambarus
O. rhoadesi	fishhook crayfish	Tennessee	Hobbs	1949	Trisellescens
O. ronaldi	Mud River crayfish	Kentucky	Taylor	2000	Procericambarus
O. rusticus	rusty crayfish	Canada, United States	(Girard)	1852	Procericambarus
O. sanbornii	Sanborn's crayfish	Kentucky, Ohio, West Virginia	(Faxon)	1884	Crockerinus
O. saxatilis	Kiamichi crayfish	Oklahoma	Bouchard & Bouchard	1976	Procericambarus
O. sheltae	Shelta cave crayfish	Alabama	Cooper & Cooper	1997	Orconectes
O. shoupi	Nashville crayfish	Tennessee	Hobbs	1948	Crockerinus
O. sloanii	Sloan crayfish	Indiana, Ohio	(Bundy)	1876	Rhoadesius
O. spinosus	Coona River spiny crayfish	Alabama, Georgia, Tennessee	(Bundy)	1877	Procericambarus
O. stannardi	Little Wabash crayfish	Illinois	Page	1985	Crockerinus
O. stygocaneyi	Caney Mountain cave crayfish	Missouri	Hobbs III	2001	Orconectes
O. taylori	crescent crayfish	Tennessee	Schuster	2008	Trisellescens
O. theaphionensis	sinkhole crayfish	Indiana	Simon, Timm & Morris	2005	Procericambarus
O. tricuspis	western highland crayfish	Kentucky	Rhoades	1944	Crockerinus
O. validus	powerful crayfish	Alabama, Tennessee	(Faxon)	1914	Trisellescens
O. virginiensis	Chowanoke crayfish	North Carolina, Virginia	Hobbs	1951	Crockerinus
O. virilis	virile crayfish	Canada, United States, introduced to Mexico and Europe	(Hagen)	1870	Gremicambarus
O. williamsi	Williams crayfish	Arkansas, Missouri	Fitzpatrick	1966	Procericambarus
O. wrighti	Hardin crayfish	Tennessee	Hobbs	1948	Faxonius

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References

Keith A. Crandall; James W. Fetzner, Jr.; Horton H. Hobbs, Jr. (2001). "Orconectes Cope, 1872". Tree of Life Web Project.
James W. Fetzner, Jr. (January 14, 2008). "Orconectes". The Crayfish and Lobster Taxonomy Browser. Carnegie Museum of Natural History.
"Search". IUCN Red List. IUCN. Retrieved October 8, 2010.

External links

James W. Fetzner Jr. (September 11, 2006). "Key to the species of the genus Orconectes". Carnegie Museum of Natural History.
Data related to Orconectes at Wikispecies

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[1] Keith A. Crandall; James W. Fetzner, Jr.; Horton H. Hobbs, Jr. (2001). "Orconectes Cope, 1872". Tree of Life Web Project.

[2] James W. Fetzner, Jr. (January 14, 2008). "Orconectes". The Crayfish and Lobster Taxonomy Browser. Carnegie Museum of Natural History.

[3] "Search". IUCN Red List. IUCN. Retrieved October 8, 2010.