Normapolles

Normapolles is an extinct pollen group that arose in the Cenomanian (Late Creteaceous). Normapolles persisted until the early Oligiocene Epoch[1] (Tertiary Period) but were reduced in diversity by the early Eocene Epoch[2]. North America's southern animal biome approximately correspond with the Normapolles palynofloral province.[3]

Normapolles is characterized by a triangular amb and an internally complex tricolpate pore structure with deep pore canals[4]. Normapolles grains have been found inside fossilized flowers of the walnut family.[5]

References
  1. Hochuli, P.A. 1984. Correlation of the Middle and Late Tertiary sporomorph assemblage. Paléobiologie continentale 14, 301–314.
  2. "Stratigraphic, palaeogeographic and evolutionary significance of late cretaceous and early tertiary normapolles pollen | Request PDF". ResearchGate. Retrieved 2018-12-10.
  3. Lehman, T. M., 2001, Late Cretaceous dinosaur provinciality: In: Mesozoic Vertebrate Life, edited by Tanke, D. H., and Carpenter, K., Indiana University Press, pp. 310–328.
  4. 1925-, Traverse, Alfred (1988). Paleopalynology. Unwin Hyman. ISBN 978-0045610013. OCLC 17674795.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  5. Sims, Hallie J.; Herendeen, Patrick S.; Lupia, Richard; Christopher, Raymond A.; Crane, Peter R. (August 1999). "Fossil flowers with Normapolles pollen from the Upper Cretaceous of southeastern North America". Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 106 (3–4): 131–151. doi:10.1016/s0034-6667(99)00008-1. ISSN 0034-6667.
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