Nepenthes lavicola
Nepenthes lavicola (/nɪˈpɛnθiːz ˌlævɪˈkoʊlə/; from Latin: lavicola growing upon lava) is a tropical pitcher plant species endemic to the Geureudong Massif of Aceh, northern Sumatra, where it grows at 2000–2600 m above sea level.[5] It is thought to be most closely related to N. singalana and N. spectabilis.
| Nepenthes lavicola | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Order: | Caryophyllales |
| Family: | Nepenthaceae |
| Genus: | Nepenthes |
| Species: | N. lavicola |
| Binomial name | |
| Nepenthes lavicola | |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Nepenthes lavicola is notable for its very prominent bracts, which often overarch the flowers and may be up to 7 cm long at the base of female inflorescences.[2] This species is also unusual in that it bears up to two bracts per pedicel or partial peduncle.[2]
Swiss botanist Albert Friedrich Frey-Wyssling mentioned N. lavicola in a 1931 article as an unidentified Nepenthes species.[2][6]
Differences between N. lavicola, N. singalana and N. spectabilis (Wistuba & Rischer, 1996) Character N. lavicola N. singalana N. spectabilis Shape of lower pitchers urceolate to globose basal part infundibuliform, cylindrical in the upper part ovate in the lower part, cylindrical in the upper part Shape of upper pitchers slender, lower part infundibuliform to ovate then ventricose, slightly hipped in the middle narrowing to the somewhat waisted cylindrical upper part lower half infundibuliform, mostly ventricose in the middle, cylindrical or slightly narrowed towards the mouth infundibuliform in the lower half, tubulose in the upper half Colour of pitchers usually dark brownish purple to almost black, peristome yellowish green, sometimes with red stripes, occasionally colour of pitchers yellowish green with blackish spots, innerside of the pitchers pale green, in the lower pitchers red spotted light green to dark red, violett spotted or not light green, with numerous longitudinal dark violett - brown stripes and spots Lid ovate-cordate suborbicular, cordate at the base orbiculate Spur up to 0.5 cm in length, branched in case of lower pitchers 2-3 mm, slightly flattened, not branched 2 cm in length, simple Spur insertion close to the lid base close to the lid 5-10 mm below the lid base Floral bracts bracts very prominent, usually overarching the flowers, some of the lower ones reaching several cm in length male: filiform bract, female: without bract pedicels bearing filiform bracts Fruit 2-3 times as long as broad, up to 1.8 cm long up to 30 mm long very slender, 4-5 cm in length
Nepenthes lavicola has no known natural hybrids.[7] No forms or varieties have been described.
References
- Schnell, D.; Catling, P.; Folkerts, G.; Frost, C.; Gardner, R.; et al. (2000). "Nepenthes lavicola". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2000: e.T40113A10314595. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2000.RLTS.T40113A10314595.en.
- Wistuba, A. & H. Rischer 1996. Nepenthes lavicola, a new species of Nepenthaceae from the Aceh Province in the North of Sumatra. Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 25(4): 106–111.
- (in Indonesian) Tamin, R. & M. Hotta 1986. Nepenthes di Sumatera: The genus Nepenthes of the Sumatra Island. In: M. Hotta (ed.) Diversity and Dynamics of Plant Life in Sumatra: Forest Ecosystem and Speciation in Wet Tropical Environments. Part 1: Reports and Collection of Papers. Kyoto University, Kyoto. pp. 75–109.
- Jebb, M.H.P. & M.R. Cheek 1997. A skeletal revision of Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae). Blumea 42(1): 1–106.
- McPherson, S.R. & A. Robinson 2012. Field Guide to the Pitcher Plants of Sumatra and Java. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.
- Frey-Wyssling, A. 1931. Over de vegetatie van den Boer ni Telong en omstreken in de Gajolanden (Noord Sumatra). De Tropische Natuur 20: 37–49.
- McPherson, S.R. 2009. Pitcher Plants of the Old World. 2 volumes. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.
Further reading
- Bauer, U., C.J. Clemente, T. Renner & W. Federle 2012. Form follows function: morphological diversification and alternative trapping strategies in carnivorous Nepenthes pitcher plants. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 25(1): 90–102. doi:10.1111/j.1420-9101.2011.02406.x
- Clarke, C.M. 2001. Nepenthes of Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.
- Hernawati & P. Akhriadi 2006. A Field Guide to the Nepenthes of Sumatra. PILI-NGO Movement, Bogor.
- (in Czech) Koudela, I. 1998. Klíčí nebo neklíčí. Trifid 1998(2): 36–37. (p. 2)
- Meimberg, H., A. Wistuba, P. Dittrich & G. Heubl 2001. Molecular phylogeny of Nepenthaceae based on cladistic analysis of plastid trnK intron sequence data. Plant Biology 3(2): 164–175. doi:10.1055/s-2001-12897
- (in German) Meimberg, H. 2002. "Molekular-systematische Untersuchungen an den Familien Nepenthaceae und Ancistrocladaceae sowie verwandter Taxa aus der Unterklasse Caryophyllidae s. l." (PDF). PhD thesis, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich.
- Meimberg, H. & G. Heubl 2006. Introduction of a nuclear marker for phylogenetic analysis of Nepenthaceae. Plant Biology 8(6): 831–840. doi:10.1055/s-2006-924676
- Meimberg, H., S. Thalhammer, A. Brachmann & G. Heubl 2006. Comparative analysis of a translocated copy of the trnK intron in carnivorous family Nepenthaceae. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 39(2): 478–490. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2005.11.023
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