Nakhodka

Nakhodka (Russian: Нахо́дка, IPA: [nɐˈxotkə]) is a port city in Primorsky Krai, Russia, located on the Trudny Peninsula jutting into the Nakhodka Bay of the Sea of Japan, about 85 kilometers (53 mi) east of Vladivostok, the administrative center of the krai. Population: 159,719 (2010 Census);[2] 148,826 (2002 Census);[7] 160,056 (1989 Census).[8]

For other uses, see Nakhodka (disambiguation).
Nakhodka

Находка
City[1]
View of Nakhodka
Flag
Coat of arms
Location of Nakhodka
Nakhodka
Location of Nakhodka
Nakhodka
Nakhodka (Primorsky Krai)
Coordinates: 42°49′N 132°52′E
CountryRussia
Federal subjectPrimorsky Krai[1]
Founded1864
City status sinceMay 18, 1950
Government
 • HeadOleg Kolyadin
Elevation
8 m (26 ft)
Population
 • Total159,719
 • Estimate 
(2018)[3]
149,316 (-6.5%)
 • Rank110th in 2010
 • Subordinated toNakhodka City Under Krai Jurisdiction[1]
 • Capital ofNakhodka City Under Krai Jurisdiction[1]
 • Urban okrugNakhodkinsky Urban Okrug[4]
 • Capital ofNakhodkinsky Urban Okrug[4]
Time zoneUTC+10 (MSK+7 [5])
Postal code(s)[6]
690890, 692900–692906, 692909–692911, 692913, 692914, 692916–692924, 692926, 692928–692930, 692939–692941, 692943, 692952–692954, 692956
Dialing code(s)+7 4236
OKTMO ID05714000001
City DayLast Sunday in May
Websitewww.nakhodka-city.ru

History

The Nakhodka Bay, around which the city is organized, was first known to the Russians on the corvette Amerika, which sought shelter in the bay during a storm in 1859. In honor of this occasion, the ice-free and relatively calm bay was named Nakhodka, which in Russian means "discovery" or "lucky find".

An imperial settlement existed here from 1868 to 1872 but was abandoned following the death of its administrator, Harold Furuhjelm. In the fall of 1870, Otto Wilhelm Lindholm established a whaling station across the bay from the settlement. In the spring of 1871 he fitted out his schooner Hannah Rice and sailed to Posyet, where he caught six gray whales.[9]

Until the 20th century, the area around the bay remained uninhabited, with the first settlement a small fishing village founded in 1907. When the Soviet government decided to build a harbor in the area in the 1930s, a number of small settlements were founded, which were merged as a work settlement in the 1940s. On May 18, 1950, the settlement, by then with a population of about 28,000 residents, was granted town status.

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is, together with three rural localities, incorporated as Nakhodka City Under Krai Jurisdiction—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, Nakhodka City Under Krai Jurisdiction is incorporated as Nakhodkinsky Urban Okrug.[4]

Climate

Nakhodka has one of the mildest climates in Primorsky Krai and in the whole of the Asian part of Russia thanks to its southerly location and oceanic influences from the Sea of Japan. Average temperature in January is −9.3 °C (15.3 °F); in August (the warmest month), it is +20.6 °C (69.1 °F). It is classified as a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification Dfb) due to the vast seasonal differences and is a very cold climate for a coastal location below 43 degrees latitude. The maritime influence is manifested in low diurnal temperature variation and a vast summer seasonal lag. Due to the influence of the interior, there is a sharp drop in temperatures between October and November. Half of the year has mean temperatures above 10 °C (50 °F), in spite of the warmest month being only moderately warm and the coldest month having quite severe cold, with a very low seasonal lag in winter.

Climate data for Nakhodka
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 9
(48)		 7
(45)		 16
(61)		 30
(86)		 29
(84)		 30
(86)		 37
(99)		 34
(93)		 27
(81)		 23
(73)		 22
(72)		 10
(50)		 37
(99)
Average high °C (°F) −6.2
(20.8)		 −3.0
(26.6)		 2.7
(36.9)		 9.4
(48.9)		 14.5
(58.1)		 18.8
(65.8)		 22.2
(72.0)		 23.6
(74.5)		 20.0
(68.0)		 13.5
(56.3)		 4.8
(40.6)		 −2.8
(27.0)		 9.9
(49.8)
Daily mean °C (°F) −9.3
(15.3)		 −5.9
(21.4)		 −0.1
(31.8)		 6.1
(43.0)		 11.0
(51.8)		 15.3
(59.5)		 19.0
(66.2)		 20.6
(69.1)		 17.0
(62.6)		 10.5
(50.9)		 1.8
(35.2)		 −6.0
(21.2)		 6.9
(44.4)
Average low °C (°F) −12.2
(10.0)		 −8.8
(16.2)		 −3.0
(26.6)		 2.8
(37.0)		 7.8
(46.0)		 12.3
(54.1)		 16.2
(61.2)		 17.9
(64.2)		 14.2
(57.6)		 7.7
(45.9)		 −0.8
(30.6)		 −8.7
(16.3)		 3.9
(39.0)
Record low °C (°F) −27
(−17)		 −22
(−8)		 −15
(5)		 −7
(19)		 1
(34)		 3
(37)		 6
(43)		 11
(52)		 2
(36)		 −7
(19)		 −18
(0)		 −22
(−8)		 −27
(−17)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 38
(1.5)		 32
(1.3)		 37
(1.5)		 44
(1.7)		 71
(2.8)		 102
(4.0)		 141
(5.6)		 141
(5.6)		 105
(4.1)		 58
(2.3)		 51
(2.0)		 40
(1.6)		 860
(33.9)
Average precipitation days 5 7 9 10 9 14 13 12 10 8 9 6 112
Average rainy days 0 1 2 9 9 14 13 12 10 8 6 2 86
Average snowy days 5 6 7 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 5 29
Source 1: Primorsky-Meteo[10]
Source 2: Weatherbase[11]

Economy and infrastructure
Nakhodka Port, September 2010

The city's economy, based mostly around the port and port-related activity such as fish processing and canning, has suffered since 1991 as Vladivostok was opened to foreign activity again. Local industry also took a hit during the 1998 Russian financial crisis. However, Nakhodka has been declared a free economic zone, and the governments in both Moscow (federal) and Vladivostok (regional) have seemed interested in opening the city further to foreign investment.

Nakhodka is also an important transport junction where goods from Japan are transferred from ships onto the Russian railway system, including the Trans-Siberian Railway portion of the Eurasian Land Bridge.

As of 2010, there are 1,932 enterprises listed. There are 646 retail stores, 210 public catering entities, 9 markets. Annual turnover tops 13.1 billion rubles (over US$400,400). There operate many malls, supermarkets, federal chain store outlets in the city, the examples being Svyaznoy, Yevroset, Eldorado, and many others.

City's enterprises make their entry in the '100 best goods of Russia' nationwide contest, among numerous others, on a regular basis to a moderate success.

There was also opened a consulting center for young entrepreneurs, a collaboration of sister-cities' municipalities of Nakhodka and Bellingham, Washington, United States.

Sports

FC Okean Nakhodka is the only professional sport club in the city. It spent the 1992 and 1993 seasons in the Russian Premier League. It is also the home town of association football player Viktor Fayzulin.

Twin towns and sister cities
Main article: List of twin towns and sister cities in Russia

Nakhodka has the following sister city relationships:

City State/Province Country Date
Maizuru Kyoto  Japan June 19611
Otaru Hokkaido  Japan September 12, 1966
Bellingham  Washington  United States April 1975
Oakland  California  United States April 1975
Tsuruga Fukui  Japan October 1982
Jilin Jilin  China July 1991
Donghae Gangwon  South Korea December 1991
Clare  Michigan  United States October 1997
Phuket Phuket Province  Thailand September 21, 2006

^1 First Soviet Union-Japan sister city

gollark: Well, cordless home phones still use it.
gollark: Can't wait for the inevitable merging of all wireless communication standards into one vast, incomprehensible monolith.
gollark: Apparently² it was also at one point a sensible alternative to WiFi.
gollark: Apparently DECT is very overengineered, and was meant to work for large-scale mobile networks and such.
gollark: I think you can do that.

References

Notes
  1. Law #161-KZ
  2. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
  3. "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
  4. Law #183-KZ
  5. "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
  6. Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
  7. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
  8. "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
  9. Lindholm, O. V., Haes, T. A., & Tyrtoff, D. N. (2008). Beyond the frontiers of imperial Russia: From the memoirs of Otto W. Lindholm. Javea, Spain: A. de Haes OWL Publishing.
  10. "Nakhodka climate normalspublisher=Primorsky-Meteo" (in Russian). Archived from the original on November 18, 2011. Retrieved April 20, 2017.
  11. "Nakhodka Climate Normals". Weatherbase. Retrieved April 20, 2017.

Sources
  • Законодательное Собрание Приморского края. Закон №161-КЗ от 14 ноября 2001 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Приморского края», в ред. Закона №673-КЗ от 6 октября 2015 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Приморского края "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Приморского края"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Красное знамя Приморья", №69 (119), 29 ноября 2001 г. (Legislative Assembly of Primorsky Krai. Law #161-KZ of November 14, 2001 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Primorsky Krai, as amended by the Law #673-KZ of October 6, 2015 On Amending the Law of Primorsky Krai "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Primorsky Krai". Effective as of the official publication date.).
  • Законодательное Собрание Приморского края. Закон №183-КЗ от 6 декабря 2004 г. «О Находкинском городском округе». Вступил в силу 1 января 2005 г.. Опубликован: "Ведомости Законодательного Собрания Приморского края", №77, 8 декабря 2004 г. (Legislative Assembly of Primorsky Krai. Law #183-KZ of December 6, 2004 On Nakhodkinsky Urban Okrug. Effective as of January 1, 2005.).

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