Muhammad III of Shirvan

Muhammad III was the third Layzanshah (king of Layzan, r. 917-948) and the seventh Shirvanshah (king of Shirvan, r. 948-956). He was the son of Abu Tahir Yazid.

Muhammad III
Coin minted during the reign of Muhammad III
Layzanshah
Reign917 - 948
PredecessorAbu Tahir Yazid
SuccessorAhmad
Tabarsaranshah
Reign917 - 948
SuccessorHaytham ibn Muhammad
Shirvanshah
Reign948 - 956
PredecessorAbu Tahir Yazid
SuccessorAhmad
Died4 June, 956
Shamakhi
FatherAbu Tahir Yazid
ReligionSunni Islam

Biography

Muhammad III is first mentioned in 917, when he was appointed as the ruler of Layzan and Tabarsaran by his father Abu Tahir ibn Yazid. When Muhammad's father died in 948, he succeeded him as the ruler of Shirvan, and appointed his son Ahmad as the ruler of Layzan, while his other son Haytham ibn Muhammad was appointed as the ruler of Tabarsaran.[1][2] From 948 to 956, Muhammad constantly raided the territories of the non-Muslims, who are called "infidels" in Muslim sources.

On 4 June 956, Muhammad died of small-pox. However, according to another source, he was poisoned by his vizier Ibn al-Maraghi. The reason for that was because, when Muhammad was suffering from small-pox, Ibn al-Maraghi used the opportunity to kill the imprisoned brother of Muhammad and had his body hidden. When Muhammad miraculously survived the illness, he ordered the release of his brother. Ibn al-Maraghi, who feared that his life was in danger, had Muhammad poisoned.[1] Ahmad then succeeded Muhammad as the ruler of Shirvan.

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References
  1. Minorsky 1958, p. 28.
  2. Madelung 1975, p. 246.

Sources
  • Madelung, W. (1975). "The Minor Dynasties of Northern Iran". In Frye, R. N. (ed.). The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 4: From the Arab Invasion to the Saljuqs. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 198–249. ISBN 978-0-521-20093-6.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Minorsky, Vladimir (1958). A History of Sharvān and Darband in the 10th-11th Centuries. University of Michigan. pp. 1–219. ISBN 978-1-84511-645-3.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
Muhammad III of Shirvan
Born: 948 Died: 956
Regnal titles
Preceded by
Abu Tahir Yazid		 Layzanshah
917-948		 Succeeded by
Ahmad
Preceded by
 Tabarsaranshah
917-948		 Succeeded by
Haytham ibn Muhammad
Preceded by
Abu Tahir Yazid		 Shirvanshah
948-956		 Succeeded by
Ahmad
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