Milecastle 8

Milecastle 8 (West Denton) was a milecastle of the Roman Hadrian's Wall. Its remains are located in what is now West Denton, Newcastle upon Tyne. [1] The milecastle has two associated turret structures which are known as turret 8A and turret 8B. The turrets and milecastle were excavated in the 1920s, yielding some pottery and stone carvings, but have since been overlain by modern roads. The exact locations of the structures is disputed, with the road now hiding any surface traces. The Milecastle now forms part of the Hadrian's Wall World Heritage Site.

Milecastle 8
Tyne and Wear, England, UK
Milecastle 8 lies under the A69 road
Milecastle 8 Location in Tyne and Wear
Coordinates	54.986472°N 1.70064°W / 54.986472; -1.70064
Grid reference	NZ19256580

Construction

There is some dispute over the exact location, with one study in 1929 locating it 1,627 yards (1,488 m) east of Milecastle 9, and historian Madeleine Hope Dodds stating in 1930 that it is 1,602 yards (1,465 m) from Milecastle 9. [2] The Ordnance Survey uses an average of these positions on its mapping. [3] The site of Milecastle 8 has been buried beneath the A69 dual carriageway.[4]

Excavations and investigations

The milecastle was excavated in 1928, when it was located on a natural hillock. Excavations uncovered pottery and other relics but no structural remains of the milecastle were uncovered.[5] It is possible that the remains of the milecastle had been removed by stone-robbers.[6]

Excavations near the site have uncovered two carved stone "Celtic heads", possibly representative of local Celtic religions or imported from Europe with a unit of auxilia. [7] The heads were discovered in 1969 and 1980.[8]

Associated turrets

Each milecastle on Hadrian's Wall has two associated turret structures. These turrets were positioned approximately one third of a Roman mile apart and would have been manned by part of the milecastle's garrison. The turrets associated with Milecastle 8 are known as turrets 8A and 8B.

Turret 8A

Turret 8A (West Denton) was located in 1929 based on pottery and occupation earth finds to a position 522 yards (477 m) west of Milecastle 8, beneath a modern road, and there are no visible remains. [9] However, the field reports disagree with the position of 8A given by Madeleine Hope Dodds, and a separate position is given by the Ordnance Survey.[10] The turret is now located underneath the modern A69 road in this area.

Ordnance Survey location: 54.987926°N 1.707661°W / 54.987926; -1.707661 (Turret 8A)

Turret 8B

Turret 8B (Union Hall) was investigated in 1929 and positioned 532 yards (486 m) west which places it 548 yards (501 m) east of Milecastle 9, although sources of the period disagree on this point.[11] When it was excavated the road of the time ran alongside the turret, and the south wall, 19 feet 10 inches (6.05 m) long with a doorway set in it, was found to be two courses of stone high. The road was later realigned and now lies over the site, leaving no visible surface trace of the turret.[11] The turret is now located underneath the modern A69 road in this area.

Ordnance Survey location: 54.989291°N 1.714684°W / 54.989291; -1.714684 (Turret 8B)

Monument Records

Monument	Monument Number	Historic England Archive Number
Milecastle 8	22653	NZ 16 NE 2
Turret 8A	22656	NZ 16 NE 3
Turret 8B	22659	NZ 16 NE 4

References

1. "MILECASTLE 8 Images". www.pastscape.org.uk. Retrieved 2018-05-25.
2. "Pastscape - Detailed Result: MILECASTLE 8". www.pastscape.org.uk. Retrieved 2018-05-25.
3. "Pastscape - Detailed Result: MILECASTLE 8". www.pastscape.org.uk. Retrieved 2018-05-25.
4. "Pastscape - Detailed Result: MILECASTLE 8". www.pastscape.org.uk. Retrieved 2018-05-25.
5. Breeze, David (2006). J. Collingwood Bruce's Handbook to the Roman Wall. Newcastle upon Tyne: Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle Upon Tyne. p. 162. ISBN 0901082651.
6. "Milecastle 8". English Heritage Pastscape. Archived from the original on 24 December 2012. Retrieved 28 April 2010.
7. "Hadrian's Wall Research Framework - Durham University". www.dur.ac.uk. Retrieved 2018-05-25.
8. Breeze, David J (1934), Handbook to the Roman Wall (14th Revised edition - Nov 2006), Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle upon Tyne, p. 162, ISBN 0-901082-65-1
9. "Pastscape - Detailed Result: TURRET 8A". www.pastscape.org.uk. Retrieved 2018-05-25.
10. "Pastscape - Detailed Result: TURRET 8A". www.pastscape.org.uk. Retrieved 2018-05-25.
11. "Turret 8B". English Heritage pastscape. Retrieved 28 April 2010.