Mil Mi-14

The Mil Mi-14 (Russian: Миль Ми-14, NATO reporting name: Haze) is a Soviet shore-based nuclear-capable amphibious anti-submarine helicopter derived from the earlier Mi-8.

Mi-14
Polish Navy Mil Mi-14PL in 2011
Role Anti-submarine helicopter
Manufacturer Mil Moscow Helicopter Plant
First flight September 1969
Introduction 1975
Status Out of production; in service
Primary users Soviet Navy
Russian Navy
Ukrainian Navy
Polish Navy
Produced 1969-1986
Number built 230
Developed from Mil Mi-8

Design and development

Formal development of an anti-submarine warfare (ASW) version of the Mil Mi-8 transport helicopter was authorised by the Soviet Communist Party Central Committee and Council of Ministers in April 1965, with the objective of replacing the Mil Mi-4 in the short-range, shore based anti-submarine role. The new helicopter was required to have an endurance of 2 hours on station at a radius of 222 kilometres (120 nmi; 138 mi) from base.[1]

The new design (with the internal designation V-14) differed from the Mi-8 in having a boat-like hull similar to the Sea King, allowing it to operate off the water, and a retractable four-point undercarriage,[N 1] with the mainwheels retracting into large sponsons on the rear of the fuselage. The helicopter was to be powered by two Klimov TV3-117MT turboshaft engines.[2] A watertight weapons bay is fitted to the centreline of the fuselage allowing internal carriage of a single torpedo or eight depth charges, while a radome housing a search radar is fitted beneath the nose.[2][3]

The first prototype V-14, converted from a Mi-8 and powered by the older and less powerful Klimov TV2-117 engines, flew on 1 August 1967.[2] Development was slowed by problems with the helicopter's avionics and due to reliability problems with the TV3-117 engines, with production at Kazan not starting until 1973, and the helicopter (now designated Mi-14) entering service on 11 May 1976.[2]

Allegedly due to the strong pressure from the United States, all Russian antisubmarine Mi-14 helicopters were decommissioned in 1996.[4] In May 2015, RT has reported that Mi-14 is being highly sought after by the Russian Black Sea and the Northern Fleets, and that Kazan Helicopter Works (KVZ) is preparing to return 10 previously decommissioned helicopters to active Russian Navy service with the production of new units beginning within five years. The initial demand was estimated at 100 helicopters.[4]

In January 2016, Russian Helicopters confirmed to Russian News Agency TASS that no final decision to revive production had been taken, but market demand, feasibility studies – including with Moscow's defence ministry – and funding sources were under review. The programme remains a “priority” for Russian Helicopters. The company suggested the Mi-14 would appeal to civil operators in Russia's far north and those supplying the oil and gas industry, alongside the nation's armed forces. Out of the almost 300 Mi-14s produced at Kazan Helicopters between 1973 and 1986, it is estimated that just 44 examples remain in active service.[5]

Variants
Georgian Mi-14
V-14
Prototype of the Mi-14 helicopter.[3]
Mi-14PL (NATO Haze-A)
Anti-submarine warfare helicopter, equipped with towed APM-60 MAD, OKA-2 sonobuoys and a retractable Type 12-M search radar, armed with a single AT-1 or APR-2 torpedo, one Skat nuclear depth bomb, eight depth charges.[3][6] A single Mi-14PL was used to carry out trials with the Kh-23 (NATO designation AS-7 Kerry) air-to-surface missile but this modification does not seem to have entered service.[7]
Mi-14PLM
Improved anti-submarine warfare version with Os'minog ASW suite, with new search radar, dipping sonar and digital computer. Limited use.[8]
Mi-14PŁ/R
Polish conversion of two Mi-14PŁ (Polish designation for Mi-14PL) to search and rescue version, with ASW equipment removed, developed in 2010.[9]
Mi-14BT (NATO Haze-B)
Mine sweeping helicopter with ASW systems removed and equipped for towing Mine Countermeasures sleds. 25–30 built, with six exported to East Germany and two to Bulgaria.[8]
Mi-14PS (NATO Haze-C)
Search and rescue version with search lights and sliding doors with hoist.[10]
Mi-14PX
Search and rescue training helicopter for the Polish Navy (unofficial designation). One Polish Mi-14PŁ helicopter was temporarily converted into the Mi-14PX, then converted back in 1996.[9]
Mi-14PZh
Polish Navy's Mi-14PŁ on display at Radom Air Show 2005
Amphibious firebuster version of Mi-14BT.[11] Conversion price about USD1M.
Mi-14PZh Eliminator III
Mi-14BT helicopters converted into fire fighting aircraft.
Mi-14GP
Conversion of Mi-14PL to 24–26 seat civil passenger transport.[11]
Mi-14P
24-seat civilian transport helicopter.

Operators

By 1991, about 230 had been delivered, with exports to many Soviet allies including Bulgaria, Cuba, East Germany, Libya, Poland, and Syria.

Current operators
 Georgia
Polish Navy Mi-14PS
 Libya
  • Libyan Air Force[12]
 North Korea
  • Korean People's Army Air Force[12]
 Poland
 Republic of the Congo
 Syria
Libyan Air Force Mi-14
Ukrainian Navy Mi-14PL
 Ukraine
 Yemen

Former operators
 Bulgaria
 Cuba
 East Germany
  • East German Navy[14]
    Mi-14BT at Aerotec International
 Germany
 Russia
 Soviet Union
 Yugoslavia

Specifications (Mi-14PL)

Data from Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1992–93[18]

General characteristics

  • Crew: 4
  • Length: 18.38 m (60 ft 4 in)
  • Height: 6.93 m (22 ft 9 in)
  • Empty weight: 11,750 kg (25,904 lb)
  • Max takeoff weight: 14,000 kg (30,865 lb)
  • Powerplant: 2 × Klimov TV3-117MT turboshaft engines, 1,454 kW (1,950 hp) each
  • Main rotor diameter: 21.29 m (69 ft 10 in)
  • Main rotor area: 356 m2 (3,830 sq ft)
  • Blade section:NACA 23012[19]

Performance

  • Maximum speed: 230 km/h (140 mph, 120 kn)
  • Ferry range: 1,135 km (705 mi, 613 nmi)
  • Endurance: 4 hours with maximum fuel[20]
  • Service ceiling: 3,500 m (11,500 ft)

Armament

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See also

Related development

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

References

Notes
  1. The first retractable undercarriage to be used in a Soviet helicopter.[2]

Citations
  1. Mladenov Air International March 2001, pp. 184–186.
  2. Mladenov Air International March 2001, p. 186.
  3. Gunston 1995, p. 238.
  4. "Re-commissioned? Soviet nuke-capable sub-killing copter comeback slated". RT. 13 May 2015. Retrieved 3 June 2015.
  5. "Russian Helicopters still analysing revival of Mi-14 amphibian". FlightGlobal. 12 January 2016.
  6. Mladenov Air International March 2001, pp. 187–188.
  7. Mlandenov Air International March 2001, p. 188.
  8. Mladenov Air International April 2001, p. 244.
  9. Adam Gołąbek, Andrzej Wrona, Śmigłowce Mi-14PŁ/R w służbie, in: Lotnictwo Nr. 7/2011, pp. 40–47 (in Polish).
  10. Mladenov Air International April 2001, p. 245.
  11. Mladenov Air International April 2001, p. 246.
  12. "World Air Forces 2018". Flightglobal Insight. 2018. Retrieved 1 December 2017.
  13. "World Air Forces 2013" (PDF). Flightglobal Insight. 2013. Retrieved 5 April 2013.
  14. "Volksmarine Mil Mi-14 "Haze"". Retrieved 5 April 2013.
  15. "Marineflieger Mil Mi-14 "Haze"". Retrieved 5 April 2013.
  16. "World Air Forces 1987 pg. 86". flightglobal.com. Retrieved 5 April 2013.
  17. "World Air Forces 1997 pg. 71". flightglobal.com. Retrieved 5 April 2013.
  18. Lambert, Mark; Munson, Kenneth; Taylor, Michael J.H., eds. (1992). Jane's all the world's aircraft 1992–93 (83rd ed.). Coulson, Surrey, UK: Jane's Information Group. ISBN 978-0710609878.
  19. Lednicer, David. "The Incomplete Guide to Airfoil Usage". m-selig.ae.illinois.edu. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  20. http://fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/ac/row/mi-14.htm

Bibliography
  • Gunston, Bill. The Osprey Encyclopedia of Russian Aircraft 1875–1995. London: Osprey, 1995. ISBN 1-85532-405-9.
  • Mladenov, Alexander. "Cutting through the Haze". Air International, March 2001, pp. 184–188. ISSN 0306-5634.
  • Mladenov, Alexander. "Cutting through the Haze: Part 2". Air International, April 2001, pp. 244–247. ISSN 0306-5634.

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