Mihara Domain
The Mihara Domain (三原藩, Mihara-han) was a feudal domain of Japan in the Edo period. Located in what is now Mihara City, Hiroshima Prefecture, it encompassed the southern part of Bingo Province. Its headquarter was Mihara Castle (三原城 Mihara-jō). At its peak, it was rated at 30,000 koku. For more than two hundred years the daimyō of Mihara were a collateral branch of the Asano clan who held Hiroshima Domain.[1] It was a subordinate of Hiroshima Domain where the main line of the Asano clan ruled from.
| Mihara Domain 三原藩 | |
|---|---|
| Part of Hiroshima Domain | |
| Mihara, Hiroshima, Japan | |
 Mihara Castle, a.k.a. "The Floating Castle (Ukishirō)" | |
| Coordinates | 34°24′N 133°5′E |
| Type | Azuchi-Momoyama castle |
| Site information | |
| Controlled by |   .svg.png){kind=spacer} .svg.png){kind=small} |
| Condition | Ruins, National Historic Site |
| Site history | |
| Built | 1567 |
| Built by | .jpg){kind=small} |
| In use | 1567–1945 |
| Materials | stone, wood, plaster walls (original); concrete, steel, wood, stone, plaster (reconstruction) |
| Demolished | 1975, construction of a new rail-line. |
History
Mihara Castle was built 1567 by Kobayakawa Takakage, the third son of the famous warlord Mōri Motonari who controlled most of Aki and Bingo Provinces.[2] It was a large scale castle with 3 baileys, 32 sumi yagura (corner towers), and 14 mon (gates). It was built on the coast and connected two islands giving rise to the nickname Ukishirō or "floating castle." Kobayakawa Takakage moved from Niitakayama Castle (新高山城), a typical mountaintop castle, to this site to better manage the Mōri clan's naval forces and to help protect from Oda Nobunaga who was advancing from the east.[3]
Kobayakawa Takakage took part in the Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–98) and adopted Kobayakawa Hideaki who was the adopted son of Toyotomi Hideyoshi. After the battle of the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600, Hideaki who had helped Tokugawa Ieyasu gain control of the country was awarded with the defeated Ukita clan's former fiefdoms of Bizen and Mimasaka, for a total of 550,000 koku.[4]
The shōgun, Tokugawa Ieyasu, transferred Fukushima Masanori who was formerly the ruler of Kiyosu Castle to Hiroshima Castle of the Hiroshima Domain and his adopted son Fukushima Masayuki became lord of the Mihara Domain from Mihara Castle. Shortly afterwards the Fukushima clan lost favor with the shōgun when Fukushima Masanori made repairs to Hiroshima Castle which was prohibited by law. This resulted in the Fukushima clan being replaced by the Asano clan who would rule the domains of Hiroshima, Mihara, Yoshida and Ako until the Meiji Restoration.[5]
The tenshu foundation of Mihara Castle was the largest ever built, similar in size to that of Edo Castle, but the main keep was never actually built. The castle escaped demolition during the Meiji period so that it could be used as Imperial naval base. It was later decommissioned and Mihara Train Station was built on the site in 1894. At this time all the buildings were destroyed and much of the stone walls torn down. The honmaru was further cut to make way for the bullet train in 1975. Together with Kobayakawa's Niitakayama Castle (新高山城) it is designated a National Historic Site.[6]
List of Daimyō
| Order | Name | Japanese | Lifetime | Reign | Information |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Kobayakawa Takakage | 小早川隆景 | 1533–1597 | 1582–1597 | Built Mihara Castle, 3rd son of Mōri Motonari. |
| 2 | Fukushima Masayuki | 福島正之 | 1585–1608 | 1600–1608 (evicted) | Adopted son of Fukushima Masanori. |
| 3 | Asano Tadayoshi | 浅野忠吉 | 1546–1621 | 1619–1621 (died) | Cousin of Asano Nagamasa, son of Asano Nagatada. |
| 4 | Asano Tadanaga | 浅野忠長 | 1592–1660 | 1621–1656 (retired) | Adopted, son of Oobashi Kiyobei (大橋清兵衛) and Asano Tadayoshi's (#3) daughter. |
| 5 | Asano Tadazane | 浅野忠真 | 1618–1694 | 1656–1683 (retired) | son of #4, retired. |
| 6 | Asano Tadayoshi | 浅野忠義 | 1667–1730 | 1683–1730 (died) | son of #5. |
| 7 | Asano Tadamasa | 浅野忠綏 | 1702-1758 | 1730-1758 (died) | son of #6. |
| 8 | Asano Tadachika | 浅野忠晨 | 1732-1795 | 1758-1759 (retired) | son of #7. |
| 9 | Asano Tadamasa | 浅野忠正 | 1721-1767 | 1759-1767 (died) | son of #6. |
| 10 | Asano Tadayoshi | 浅野忠愛 | 1752-1793 | 1767-1793 (died) | son of #7. |
| 11 | Asano Tadasuke | 浅野忠順 | 1790–1824 | 1793–1814 (retired) | Adopted, son of Asano Shigeakira of the Hiroshima Domain and Asano Tadayoshi's (#10) daughter. |
| 12 | Asano Tadahide | 浅野忠敬 | 1802–1860 | 1814–1843 (died) | Adopted, son of Tōdō Kenzaki Nobuhide (藤堂監物信任) and Asano Tadamasa's (#9) daughter. |
| 13 | Asano Tetsu | 浅野忠 | 1819–1892 | 1843–1868 | son #11. |
Retainers (家臣)
- Aoki clan (青木氏)
- Hanai clan (花井氏)
- Hattori clan (服部氏)
- Hasegawa clan (長谷川氏)
- Hayashi clan (林氏), descendants of Hayashi Narinaga.
- Honinbō clan (本因坊氏)
- Hori clan (堀氏)
- Ikoma clan (生駒氏)
- Jōoku clan (定屋氏)
- Kanamaru clan (金丸氏)
- Koike clan (小池氏)
- Koizumi clan (小泉氏)
- Kuno clan (久野氏)
- Kurahashi clan (倉橋氏)
- Namikawa clan (並河氏)
- Namiki clan (並木氏)
- Narazaki clan (楢崎氏)
- Nishikawa clan (西川氏)
- Niwa clan (丹羽氏)
- Sawai clan (沢井氏)
- Shimizu clan (清水氏)
- Takakusu clan (高楠氏)
- Takanaka clan (高中氏)
- Toda clan (戸田氏)
- Tsuji clan (辻氏)
- Ueda clan (上田氏)
- Utsonomiya clan (宇都宮氏)
- Waki clan (脇氏)
- Wakimoto clan (脇本氏)
- Watanabe clan (渡辺氏)
- Yasuda clan (安田氏)
Notes
- Regional Geography of Japan: Island Sea and Kyushu. Society of Japanese Regional Geography. 1957. p. 36.
- Schmorleitz, Morton S. (1974). Castles in Japan. C. E. Tuttle Co. p. 155.
- Japan, the Official Guide. Japan Travel Bureau. 1966. p. 839.
- The New Official Guide: Japan. Japan Travel Bureau. 1975. p. 774.
- Ogura, Toyofumi (1994). The Atomic Bomb and Hiroshima. University of California: Liber Press. p. 12.
- "Mihara Castle". Jcastle. Retrieved 25 August 2017.
References
- The New Official Guide: Japan. University of California, Japan Travel Bureau (1975).
- Schmorleitz, Morton S., (1974). Castles in Japan. University of Michigan: C. E. Tuttle Co.
See also
- Mihara Castle
- Hiroshima Domain
- Han system
- List of Han
- Asano clan