Melaleuca pyramidalis

Melaleuca pyramidalis is a plant in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae and is endemic to small areas of Queensland in Australia. (Some Australian state herbaria use the name Callistemon pyramidalis.[3]) It is closely related to Melaleuca citrina (Callistemon citrinus) but is distinguished from it mainly by leaf and stamen differences. Melaleuca pyramidalis is only known from the summits of three mountains in Queensland.

Melaleuca pyramidalis
M. pyramidalis on Walshs Pyramid
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Myrtaceae
Genus: Melaleuca
Species:
M. pyramidalis
Binomial name
Melaleuca pyramidalis
Synonyms[2]

Callistemon pyramidalis (Craven) Udovicic & R.D.Spencer

Description

Melaleuca pyramidalis is a shrub growing to 3.5 m (10 ft) tall with compact, dark grey, papery bark. Its leaves are arranged alternately and are 29–84 mm (1–3 in) long, 8–24 mm (0.31–0.94 in) wide, flat, elliptical in shape with a short stalk. The veins are pinnate and there are only a few scattered, indistinct oil glands.[4][2]

The flowers are red to pink, arranged in spikes up to 60 mm (2 in) in diameter with 20 to 50 individual flowers. The petals are 2.8–6.3 mm (0.1–0.2 in) long and fall off as the flower ages and there are 35 to 42 stamens in each flower. Flowering occurs in late winter and is followed by fruit that are woody capsules, 3.8–5 mm (0.1–0.2 in) long in loose clusters along the stem.[4][2]

M. pyramidalis can be distinguished from the similar M. citrina by its obscure oil glands (prominent in M. citrina) and yellow stamen tips (dark red in M.citrina).

Early flowers
Foliage
Fruit

Taxonomy and naming

Melaleuca pyramidalis was first formally described in 2009 by Lyndley Craven in Novon from a specimen collected at the summit of Walshs Pyramid near Gordonvale.[1] In 2012, Udovicic and Spencer gave the species the name Callistemon pyramidalis[3] but in 2013, Craven transferred all species previously known as Callistemon to Melaleuca. Some authorities continue to use Callistemon pyramidalis.[3] The specific epithet (pyramidalis) refers to Walshs Pyramid where the type specimen was collected.[4]

Callistemon pyramidalis is regarded as a synonym of Melaleuca pyramidalis by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.[5]

Distribution and habitat

Melaleuca pyramidalis occurs on the summits of Walshs Pyramid, Mount Diamantina (on Hinchinbrook Island) and Mount Leach (near Ingham). It grows mostly in open forest on rocky hilltops.[4][2]

Conservation

The classification "Vulnerable" under the IUCN Red List applies to Melaleuca pyramidalis because it is only known from a few sites.[2]

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References
  1. "Melaleuca pyramidalis". APNI. Retrieved 1 June 2015.
  2. Craven, Lyn A. (2009). "Melaleuca (Myrtaceae) from Australia". Novon. 19 (4): 448–449. doi:10.3417/2007137. Retrieved 1 June 2015.
  3. Udovicic, Frank; Spencer, Roger (2012). "New combinations in Callistemon (Myrtaceae)" (PDF). Muelleria. 30 (1): 23–25. Retrieved 31 May 2015.
  4. Brophy, Joseph J.; Craven, Lyndley A.; Doran, John C. (2013). Melaleucas : their botany, essential oils and uses. Canberra: Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research. p. 299. ISBN 9781922137517.
  5. "Callistemon pyramidalis". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
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