Mauser Model 1903
The Turkish Mauser Model 1903 was a Gewehr 98-pattern bolt-action rifle designed for the Ottoman Army. They were produced by Mauser in Germany.
| Turkish Model 1903 rifle | |
|---|---|
| Type | Bolt-action rifle |
| Place of origin | German Empire |
| Service history | |
| In service | 1903-1960s |
| Used by | Turkey |
| Wars | |
| Production history | |
| Designed | 1903 |
| Manufacturer | Mauser |
| Produced | 1903-1910 |
| Specifications | |
| Mass | Model 1903: 4.17 kg (9.2 lb) Model 1905 carbine: 3.65 kg (8.0 lb) |
| Length | Model 1903: 124 cm (49 in) Model 1905 carbine: 105 cm (41 in) |
| Barrel length | Model 1903: 74 cm (29 in) Model 1905 carbine: 49 cm (19 in) |
| Cartridge | 7.65×53mm Mauser 7.92×57mm Mauser |
| Action | Bolt-action |
| Muzzle velocity | 650 metres per second (2,100 ft/s) |
| Feed system | 5-round stripper clip, internal magazine |
| Sights | Iron sights adjustable to 2,000 metres (2,200 yd) |
Design
The Mauser 1903 was a modified version Gewehr 98. The Lange Visier sight was replaced by a tangent leaf sight, the nose cap was simplified, the rifle could be fitted with older Turkish bayonets. The Turkish weapon had curved arm on its bolt stop to block the cartridge clip when the cartridges are stripped into the magazine. It also had a larger receiver and a longer cocking cam and firing pin than the German variant.[1]
Model 1905 carbine
The Model 1905 carbine was a shortened version of the Model 1903, designed for cavalry and artillery units.[2]
Service
After the adoption of the long rifle, 200,000 were received before 1905.[3] 406 Marine-gewehre were delivered to the Ottoman Navy in 1904,[4] 7,617 to the Gendarmerie in Ottoman Macedonia.[3] 1,100 more, modified to fire spitzer bullets[5] and sometimes known as M1910,[4] were ordered in 1910. The Turkish customs also received some.[3] The Model 1905 carbine was produced between 1903 and 1906.[5] 30,000 M1908 carbines were delivered in 1908 and 1909.[4]
The Model 1903 saw combat during the Italo-Turkish War, the Balkan Wars, World War I[5] and the Turkish War of Independence.[6] After World War I, most of these weapons were modified to fire the 7.92×57mm Mauser round.[7] Many of the long rifles were refurbished as Mauser Model 1938 short rifles.[8] Models 1903 and 1905 were still in service in the 1960s.[7]
References
- Ball 2011, p. 382.
- Ball 2011, p. 387.
- Ball 2011, p. 383.
- Ball 2011, p. 235.
- Ball 2011, p. 385.
- Jowett, Philip (20 Jul 2015). Armies of the Greek-Turkish War 1919–22. Men-at-Arms 501. Osprey Publishing. pp. 22, 45–47. ISBN 9781472806840.
- Smith, Joseph E. (1969). "Turkey". Small Arms of the World (11 ed.). Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: The Stackpole Company. pp. 570-572.
- Ball 2011, p. 389.
- Ball, Robert W. D. (2011). Mauser Military Rifles of the World. Iola: Gun Digest Books. ISBN 9781440228926.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)