Marseillevirus

Marseillevirus
Virus classification
(unranked):	Virus
Realm:	Varidnaviria
Kingdom:	Bamfordvirae
Phylum:	Nucleocytoviricota
Class:	Megaviricetes
Order:	Pimascovirales
Family:	Marseilleviridae
Genus:	Marseillevirus
Type species
	Marseillevirus marseillevirus;

Marseillevirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Marseilleviridae. There are currently only two species in this genus, including the type species Marseillevirus marseillevirus.[1][2] It is the prototype of a family of nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses (NCLDV) of eukaryotes (commonly known as Giant Viruses). It was isolated from amoeba.[3]

Taxonomy

Group: dsDNA

Order: Pimascovirales

Family: Marseilleviridae
- Genus: Marseillevirus
  Port-Miou marseillevirus
  
  Marseillevirus marseillevirus
  
  Senegalvirus marseillevirus

[2]

History

The virus is named after the French town of Marseille.

Since the description of the first virus in this family several others have been discovered. These have been named after the area they were discovered. This family includes Brazilian Marseillevirus, Cannes 8 virus, Insectomime virus, Lausannevirus, Melbournevirus, Port-Miou virus, Senegalvirus, Tunisvirus and Tokyovirus.

Structure

Viruses in Marseillevirus have icosahedral geometries. The diameter is around 250 nm. The genome has 457 open reading frames and is circular.[1] The genome has a length of 368 kb,[1] with a G+C content of 44.73%, which makes Marseillevirus the fifth largest viral genome sequenced so far. It encodes a minimum of 49 proteins, and some messenger RNAs.

The genome of the virus includes typical NCLDV core genes and genes apparently obtained from eukaryotic hosts and their parasites or symbionts, both bacterial and viral, through probably horizontal gene transfer mechanism.

Genus	Structure	Symmetry	Capsid	Genomic arrangement	Genomic segmentation
Marseillevirus	Icosahedral			Circular

Life cycle

Viral replication is nucleo-cytoplasmic. Dna templated transcription is the method of transcription. Amoeba serve as the natural host.[1]

Genus	Host details	Tissue tropism	Entry details	Release details	Replication site	Assembly site	Transmission
Marseillevirus	Amoeba	None	Fusion	Lysis	Cytoplasm	Cytoplasm	Diffusion in Water

gollark: I say we replace teachers with melons.

gollark: What would you suggest doing, then? Just leaving it?

gollark: It's *probably* fixable.

gollark: No, they're going to award GCSEs and stuff based on... guesswork, and also previous results in stuff.

gollark: All the exams.

References

"Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 12 August 2015.
ICTV. "Virus Taxonomy: 2014 Release". Retrieved 12 August 2015.
Boyer, Mickaël; Yutin, Natalya; Pagnier, Isabelle; Barrassi, Lina; Fournous, Ghislain; Espinosa, Leon; Robert, Catherine; Azza, Saïd; Sun, Siyang; Rossmann, Michael G.; Suzan-Monti, Marie; La Scola, Bernard; Koonin, Eugene V.; Raoult, Didier (2009). "Giant Marseillevirus highlights the role of amoebae as a melting pot in emergence of chimeric microorganisms". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 106 (51): 21848–53. Bibcode:2009PNAS..10621848B. doi:10.1073/pnas.0911354106. PMC 2799887. PMID 20007369.

External links

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[ViralZone-1] "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 12 August 2015.

[ICTV-2] ICTV. "Virus Taxonomy: 2014 Release". Retrieved 12 August 2015.

[3] Boyer, Mickaël; Yutin, Natalya; Pagnier, Isabelle; Barrassi, Lina; Fournous, Ghislain; Espinosa, Leon; Robert, Catherine; Azza, Saïd; Sun, Siyang; Rossmann, Michael G.; Suzan-Monti, Marie; La Scola, Bernard; Koonin, Eugene V.; Raoult, Didier (2009). "Giant Marseillevirus highlights the role of amoebae as a melting pot in emergence of chimeric microorganisms". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 106 (51): 21848–53. Bibcode:2009PNAS..10621848B. doi:10.1073/pnas.0911354106. PMC 2799887. PMID 20007369.