Lyate ion

In chemistry, a lyate ion is the anion derived by the deprotonation of a solvent molecule.[1] For example, a hydroxide ion is formed by the deprotonation of water, and methoxide (CH3O−) is the anion formed by the deprotonation of methanol.

Its counterpart is a lyonium ion, the cation formed by the protonation of a solvent molecule.

Lyonium and lyate ions, resulting from molecular autoionization, contribute to the molar conductivity of protolytic solvents.

Examples
Lyate ion Original solvent Lyonium ion
name formula name formula name formula
Fluoride F−
 Hydrogen fluoride HF Fluoronium H
2F+
Hydroxide HO−
 Water H
2O		 Hydronium H
3O+
Azanide NH−
2		 Ammonia NH
3		 Ammonium NH+
4
CH−
3		 Methane CH
4		 Methanium CH+
5
Methoxide CH
3O−
 Methanol CH
4O		 CH
5O+
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See also

References
  1. IUPAC Gold Book - lyate ion


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