Lubuagan

Lubuagan, officially the Municipality of Lubuagan is a 4th class municipality in the province of Kalinga, Philippines. According to the 2015 census, it has a population of 8,733 people.[3]

Lubuagan
Municipality
Municipality of Lubuagan
Map of Kalinga with Lubuagan highlighted
OpenStreetMap
Lubuagan
Location within the Philippines
Coordinates: 17°21′N 121°11′E
Country Philippines
RegionCordillera Administrative Region (CAR)
ProvinceKalinga
DistrictLone District
Founded1905
Barangays9 (see Barangays)
Government
 [1]
 • TypeSangguniang Bayan
 • MayorCharisma Anne O. Dickpus
 • Vice MayorVictor D. Dickly
 • CongressmanAllen Jesse C. Mangaoang
 • Electorate7,872 voters (2019)
Area
 [2]
 • Total234.20 km2 (90.43 sq mi)
Population
 (2015 census)[3]
 • Total8,733
 • Density37/km2 (97/sq mi)
 • Households
1,728
Economy
 • Income class4th municipal income class
 • Poverty incidence26.6% (2015)[4]
 • Revenue (₱)66,844,015.33 (2016)
Time zoneUTC+8 (PST)
ZIP code
3802
PSGC
143206000
IDD : area code +63 (0)74
Climate typetropical rainforest climate
Native languagesKalinga language
Ilocano
Tagalog
Websitewww.lubuagan.gov.ph

It is 460 kilometres (290 mi) north of Manila and 50 kilometres (31 mi) from Tabuk.

Lubuagan Municipality, once the seat of the National Government from March 6 to May 17, 1900, during the time of Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo, was among the eight (8) municipalities of the new province of Kalinga. It is located at 800 metres (2,600 ft) above sea level in the southern part of Kalinga and in the heart of the Cordillera. It has a land area of 23,420 hectares (57,900 acres). Some of its younger generation have migrated either in the lowland plains of Tabuk or in other provinces in search for income and employment opportunities.

Barangays

Lubbuagan is politically subdivided into 9 barangays.

  • Dangoy
  • Mabilong
  • Mabongtot
  • Poblacion
  • Tanglag
  • Lower Uma
  • Upper Uma
  • Antonio Canao
  • Uma del Norte (Western Uma)

Climate
Climate data for Lubuagan, Kalinga
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 21
(70)		 22
(72)		 25
(77)		 27
(81)		 27
(81)		 27
(81)		 26
(79)		 26
(79)		 25
(77)		 24
(75)		 23
(73)		 21
(70)		 25
(76)
Average low °C (°F) 16
(61)		 16
(61)		 17
(63)		 18
(64)		 20
(68)		 20
(68)		 20
(68)		 20
(68)		 20
(68)		 19
(66)		 18
(64)		 17
(63)		 18
(65)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 78
(3.1)		 60
(2.4)		 49
(1.9)		 51
(2.0)		 194
(7.6)		 197
(7.8)		 209
(8.2)		 226
(8.9)		 185
(7.3)		 180
(7.1)		 143
(5.6)		 183
(7.2)		 1,755
(69.1)
Average rainy days 15.6 12.5 11.8 12.5 21.0 23.3 25.2 26.1 22.6 17.1 16.7 19.6 224
Source: Meteoblue[5]

History

Spanish Rule was never established in Lubuagan during the more than 300 years of sovereignty over the Philippines. However, Emilio Aguinaldo, president of the erstwhile First Philippine Republic made Lubuagan the seat of government for 73 days, from 6 March 1900 to 18 May 1900, before his escape and eventual capture at Palanan, Isabela, on 23 March 1901.[6][7]

Upon the assumption of the United States of America as colonial power over the Philippines, the Township of Lubuagan, a unit of government at the time it was established in 1905 which was administered via the sub provincial government of Lepanto-Bontoc sub-province, Lt. Governor E. A. Eckman, an American ex-soldier was the Chief Executive of the sub-province.

Sometimes in 1907, Kalinga was separated and organized as a distinct sub-province from the Lepanto-Bontoc sub-province. Franklin Walter Hale was appointed the first Lt. Governor to establish a civil government in Kalinga.

Bulanao Barrio, a thriving big community of Tubog at the time, the site of which is the present homestead of Mr. Abe Umao was the target of Lt. Governor Hale as the center of this Administration of government in Kalinga sub-province. But shortly thereafter, the great cholera and malaria epidemic broke out in the later part of 1907 and continued in 1908 which almost wiped out the town populace. Lt. Governor Hales was himself attacked with malaria so that he and his official family were forced to leave Bulanao because those who survived the epidemic among the natives left.

Lt. Governor Hale and his staff came up to Lubuagan in the early part of 1909 and established their quarters and camps where the present multi-purpose Hall now stands. Governor Hale whom the people baptized and fondly called SAPAO, first organized his police contingent from and among the tribal pangats and headmen from the different villages of Kalinga to help them tame the natives who are still afraid and suspicious of the new order.

Lt. Governor Hale served Kalinga up to the end of July 1915. He was replaced by Lt. Governor Samuel Kane, who served for a brief period and wasreplaced by Lt. Gov. Alex Gilfilan in September 1916, who was later on replaced by what is now nomenclatured as Deputy Governor Mr. Thomas Blanco, a Filipino. In 1924, Deputy Governor Nicasio Balinag took over the reign of Sub-Provincial Executive of Kalinga.

The colonial Civil Government notably beginning with the administration of Lt. Governor Franklin Walter Hale up to the Commonwealth government is considered the golden years of Lubuagan, the capital town of the sub-province of Kalinga. Lubuagan at that time was the center of education, culture, commerce and trade. The founding of the Kalinga Academy in 1927, a secondary school run by American Missionaries and the St. Teresita's School in 1929, a Catholic Primary and High School managed by the CICM Belgian Missionaries bolstered the luster of Lubuagan.

The Japanese Imperial Army occupation forces came to Lubuagan in May 1942.

In 1945 during the war of liberation, Lubuagan was bombed by American planes resulting in the destruction of the Lubuagan Central School which was then occupied by the enemy. The big and beautiful St. Peter's church of Lubuagan, the father's convent and two more buildings within the compound were all burned to the ground. Lubuagan was once the capital of Kalinga sub-province before Tabuk rose to its present status as the center of learning and government activities. It is also in Lubuagan where the first instruction of higher learning (College) in the old Mt. Province was established.

(Source: Souvenir Book: Kalinga 7th Foundation Day)

Demographics
Population census of Lubuagan
YearPop.±% p.a.
1918 8,874—    
1939 7,366−0.88%
1948 7,821+0.67%
1960 10,289+2.31%
1970 7,236−3.45%
1975 7,780+1.46%
1980 8,545+1.89%
1990 9,189+0.73%
1995 9,897+1.40%
2000 9,875−0.05%
2007 10,183+0.42%
2010 9,369−2.99%
2015 8,733−1.33%
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority[3][8][9][10]

In the 2015 census, the population of Lubuagan, Kalinga, was 8,733 people,[3] with a density of 37 inhabitants per square kilometre or 96 inhabitants per square mile.

Attractions
  • St. Theresita's School, a Roman Catholic school established by the CICM missionaries in 1925, was once the educational center of the Cordillera. It was also been used as a military outpost by the Japanese, Filipino and American forces during World War II.
  • Mabilong Weaver's Village, located along the road, is the center of the ethnic weaving industry in the province. It showcases colorful ethnic backstrap weaving. Here, one can see how the intricate ethnic designs are made and how the colors are mixed. Souvenirs can be bought from the weavers.
  • The town has extensive and scenic rice terraces (Pon-e Rice Terraces and Gapis Rice Terraces) cut into the mountains, rising 2,000 feet (610 m) from the Chico River bed.
  • 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) north of the town is a turn-off with a once-busy road leading west to Batong Buhay Mines.
  • Aguinaldo Hill, located 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) from the national road, was Gen. Aguinaldo's command post during his 72-day stay in the town. It has a panoramic view of several barangays in Pinukpuk.
  • Awichon Mesa, a plateau situated at Barangay Upper Uma, 2 km from the town proper and between Pasil and Lubuagan, is an archaeological site where bones of a prehistoric elephant were found. It was also the landing site of American forces during World War II.
  • Cadamayan Falls, at Barangay Western Uma, serves as the natural boundary of Pasil, Lubuagan and Tinglayan and can be viewed from the road.
  • Tiwod Spring, the "Fertility Twin Spring", is believed to be a God-given gift for couples who haven't had children yet. Couples who take a bath on mornings and drink from it will bear children as believed by many locals.
  • Unexplored Tongango Caves, located just above the poblacion, consists of several chambers connecting the mountains of Lubuagan, Sumadel and Tulgao.
  • The Belalao Mabilong View is a stopover for viewing the panorama of the picturesque Lubuagan Village. Visitors who come by night are said to be surprised by a sudden appearance of a lost city in the mountain.
  • Manangol Viewpoint, at the top of Manangol Hill, is where you could see a magnificent, panoramic view of the Chico River (and villages supposed to be submerged by Chico Dam IV), the "Sleeping Beauty" of Tinglayan and the hidden rice terraces seated at the basement of the overlapping mountain.
  • The Poway View Deck, at the boundary of Pasil and Lubuagan, is where you could view the 5 barangays and the winding Pasil River.
  • The Pudpud Chico Viewpoint, at the Lubuagan Central School, is where you could view the long and winding Chico River and the aborted Chico Hydroelectric Dam.
  • The Lubuagan Museum, located in an old American house, showcases a selection of old Chinese pottery as well as other Kalinga products. It is a two-hour jeepney ride from Tabuk.

Festival

Laga Festival- From "laga", a Kalinga word which means to weave. Celebrated annually, typically in March. It is a two or three-day celebration which showcases the culture, arts, and history of Lubuagan.

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References
  1. "Municipality". Quezon City, Philippines: Department of the Interior and Local Government. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  2. "Province: Kalinga". PSGC Interactive. Quezon City, Philippines: Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 12 November 2016.
  3. Census of Population (2015). "Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. PSA. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
  4. "PSA releases the 2015 Municipal and City Level Poverty Estimates". Quezon City, Philippines. Retrieved 12 October 2019.
  5. "Lubuagan: Average Temperatures and Rainfall". Meteoblue. Retrieved 8 March 2020.
  6. "History". Municipality of Lubuagan. Archived from the original on 31 August 2018. Retrieved 14 March 2019.
  7. "Municipality of Lubuagan". Department of Interior and Local Government-Cordillera Administrative Region. Archived from the original on 22 March 2016. Retrieved 14 March 2019.
  8. Census of Population and Housing (2010). "Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. NSO. Retrieved 29 June 2016.
  9. Censuses of Population (1903–2007). "Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR)". Table 1. Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by Province/Highly Urbanized City: 1903 to 2007. NSO.
  10. "Province of Kalinga". Municipality Population Data. Local Water Utilities Administration Research Division. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
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