Longuyon

Longuyon French pronunciation: ​[lɔ̃ɡɥijɔ̃] is a commune in the Meurthe-et-Moselle department in the Grand Est region of north-eastern France. The inhabitants are called Longuyonnais.

Longuyon
Commune
Crusnes River in Longuyon
Coat of arms
Location of Longuyon
Longuyon Show map of France Longuyon Show map of Grand Est
Coordinates: 49°26′52″N 5°36′05″E
Country	France
Region	Grand Est
Department	Meurthe-et-Moselle
Arrondissement	Briey
Canton	Mont-Saint-Martin
Government
• Mayor (2014-2020)	Jean-Pierre Jacque
Area ^1	29.7 km^2 (11.5 sq mi)
Population  (2017-01-01)[1]	5,320
• Density	180/km^2 (460/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+01:00 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code	54322 /54260
Elevation	203–389 m (666–1,276 ft) (avg. 218 m or 715 ft)
Website	longuyon.fr
^1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km^2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Canadian totem pole in Longuyon

Geography

Longuyon is located at the confluence of the Chiers and Crusnes rivers 18 kilometres (11 mi) from Longwy. It is bordered on the north by the Belgian province of Luxembourg, just south of the Belgian village of Grandcourt.

History

Saint Agatha's Church and cemetery

The town is named after a "long ford" (from the Latin longa guada) that allowed crossing of the Chiers in Roman times. It was known as Longagio (634), Longio (973), Longione (973), monasterri longagionis (10th century), Longion (1030), Longuion (1209), Longuio (1756).

Several Gallo-Roman sites were excavated in 1934 containing the remains of substructures and fragments of painted plaster. A necropolis of the later Roman Empire was excavated in 1843 in Magé.

The first mention of Longuyon (as Longagio) dates from 634. At that time there is already a chapel dedicated to Saint Agatha, which became a collegiate church in 1120, and later served as a barracks for French soldiers in 1636.

The castle of Mussy, first mentioned in 1144, was razed in 1670 by the French occupation troops by order of Louis XIV.

Longuyon was a capital of the Bailiwick of Longuyon from June 1751 to 1789, then the capital of the Canton of Longuyon until March 2015.

In 1914 the town had 2,300 inhabitants. It was devastated on August 23–24 of that year by the Prussian infantry and 86 inhabitants, men, women, and children, were executed by firing squad.

Longuyon has long been an important railroad crossroads, located between the iron ore of the Briey basin and the coal mining area of the North.

The apartment blocks on the southwestern edge of town, still called "La Cité Canadienne", were home to Royal Canadian Air Force staff and their families in the 1950s and 1960s, when the RCAF had an airbase at nearby Marville. The street names still carry the names Toronto, Montreal, etc., and a totem pole was erected as a monument to the Canadian presence in Longuyon.

Attractions

The prominent buildings in Longuyon include the Collegiate Church of St. Agatha from the 13th century. The church was mentioned for the first time in 634 in the will of the deacon Adalgisel Grimo. The St. Agatha monastery was converted to a collegiate church in 973 by the Archbishop of Trier, then into a Benedictine priory in the late twelfth century, before being permanently restored as a collegiate church in the early thirteenth century. Since the French Revolution it has been a parish church. The current building was built in the late twelfth and early thirteenth century, with the base of the tower appearing to be slightly earlier. The church was fortified in the sixteenth century with a gatehouse above the western portal and defensive elements.

See also

• Jacques de Longuyon
• Communes of the Meurthe-et-Moselle department

1. "Populations légales 2017". INSEE. Retrieved 6 January 2020.