Livorno–Rome railway

The Livorno–Rome railway (also called the ferrovia Tirrenica—"Tyrrhenian Railway") is one of the trunk lines of the Italian railway network. It connects Italy’s northwest with its south, running along the Tyrrhenian coast between the Italian regions of Tuscany and Lazio, through the provinces of Livorno, Grosseto, Viterbo and Rome. The line is double track and is fully electrified at 3,000 V DC. Passenger traffic is managed by Trenitalia.

Livorno–Rome railway
Livorno Centrale station
Overview
Native name	Ferrovia Tirrenica
Type	Heavy rail
Status	Operational
Locale	Italy
Termini	Livorno Centrale Roma Termini
Operation
Opened	1859 to 1867
Owner	RFI
Operator(s)	Trenitalia
Technical
Line length	312 km (194 mi)
Number of tracks	2
Track gauge	1,435 mm (4 ft 8 ^1⁄2 in)
Electrification	3000 V DC
Route map km elev from Pisa 27.766 Livorno Centrale 14 m Ardenza closed in 2003[1] 11 m 21.055 Antignano 23 m 14.425 Quercianella-Sonnino 19 m 7.651 Castiglioncello 18 m 4.722 Rosignano 9 m from Collesalvetti 0.000 287.519 Vada 9 m from Volterra Cecina river 281.592 Cecina 12 m Bibbona opened in 2003[1] 9 m 273.718 Bolgheri 9 m 265.128 Castagneto Carducci-Donoratico 20 m 257.353 San Vincenzo 9 m Piazzalone turnout to Piombino Baratti turnout 246.752 Campiglia Marittima 7 m 238.149 Vignale Riotorto 8 m 229.555 Follonica 10 m FS-FMF junction FMF line to Massa Marittima, closed in 1944 222.683 Scarlino 12 m 214.659 Gavorrano 74 m 206.600 Giuncarico 23 m mining railway to Ribolla from Siena 199.410 Montepescali 15 m 187.644 Grosseto 11 m to Cana Ombrone river from Cana Rispescia 11 m 173.141 Alberese (bus only) 164.347 Talamone 7 m Albegna river 156.421 Albinia 3 m 149.923 Orbetello-Monte Argentario 3 m SNFT line to Porto Santo Stefano closed 1944 145.233 Ansedonia opened in 1950[2] 8 m 137.645 Capalbio 7 m 131.057 Chiarone (bus only) Tuscany Lazio Fiora river 115.941 Montalto di Castro 19 m Marta river 100.575 Tarquinia 16 m from Civitavecchia Marittima new track opened in 2000 old track closed in 2000 from Orte, closed 1961 80.678 Civitavecchia-Viale della Vittoria Civitavecchia 10 m 71.779 Santa Marinella 15 m 63.600 Borgata XXVIII Ottobre (opened 1939[3], closed 1947[4]) 62.312 Santa Severa 14 m 58.xxx Furbara 9 m 54.287 Marina di Cerveteri 50.297 Ladispoli-Cerveteri opened 1939[5] 12 m from Ladispoli, closed 1938 47.944 Palo Laziale 11 m 40.975 Torre in Pietra-Palidoro 12 m 34.175 31.070 Maccarese-Fregene 10 m freight line to Roma via Ponte Galeria Autostrada A12 - E80 26.774 Macchia Grande tunnel (1.395 m) 25.379 Grande Raccordo Anulare 17.041 Roma Aurelia 16.357 Via Aurelia, E80 (4.134 m) 12.223 from Viterbo from Vatican City 11.542 Roma San Pietro 38 m 11.137 Gianicolo-Pamphili tunnel (2.391 m) 8.746 from Fiumicino via Ponte Galeria 8.221 Roma Trastevere 17 m Tiber river Rome–Lido railway Line B (Metro) 6.692 Roma Ostiense 18 m 3.082 Roma Tuscolana 40 m to Naples (via Formia), Velletri, Albano, Frascati and Naples (via Cassino) to Florence and Florence (HS) from Naples (via Formia), Velletri, Albano, Frascati and Naples (via Cassino) from Florence, Florence (HS), Pescara and Naples (HS) 0.000 Roma Termini 58 m Original route via Ponte Galeria from Livorno 34.175 Maccarese-Fregene 10 m to Rome (via Roma Aurelia) Autostrada A12 - E80 from Fiumicino 22.220 Ponte Galeria 8 m 16.650 Muratella opened in 1988[6] 14.433 Magliana 14 m 11.475 Villa Bonelli opened in 1996[7] to Viterbo and from Maccarese (via Roma Aurelia) to Roma Termini Source: Italian railway atlas[8]

History

The southernmost section of the line between Rome and Civitavecchia was opened on 24 April 1859 by the Società Pio Central (Italian for Central Pius Company).[9] In 1862 work started on a line south from Livorno, which initially ran east to Collesalvetti before turning south and joining the path of the current Pisa–Rome line at Vada (now 27 km south of Livorno). This route is now known as the Maremmana railway. The line continued south from Vada and was opened to Nunziatella, near Capalbio, on the border with the Papal States on the Chiarone river in 1864. In 1865 the Leopolda railway was taken over by the owner of the Rome–Civitavecchia railway, now called the Società per le Strade Ferrate Romane (Roman Railways). It opened the connecting section between Civitavecchia and Capalbio in 1867.[10] In 1910 a direct line was opened along the coast from Vada to the new central station at Livorno. A new route was opened between Rome and Maccarese-Fregene via Aurelia on 25 May 1990.

Section	opened[11][12]
Rome-Civitavecchia (via Ponte Galeria)	24 April 1859
Livorno-Follonica (via Collesalvetti)	20 October 1863
Follonica-Orbetello	15 June 1864
Orbetello-Nunziatella	3 August 1864
Nunziatella-Civitavecchia	27 June 1867
Pisa-Collesalvetti	1 April 1874
Livorno-Vada (via costiera)	3 July 1910[13]
Roma-Maccarese (via Aurelia)	25 May 1990

References

Footnotes

1. "Impianti FS". I Treni (in Italian). Salò: Editrice Trasporti su Rotaie. XXIV (248): 5–6. May 2003. ISSN 0392-4602.
2. Service order no. 36 of 1950
3. Azienda autonoma delle Ferrovie dello Stato, Service order no. 103, 1939
4. Ferrovie dello Stato, Service order no. 28, 1947
5. Service order no. 70 of 1939
6. "Notizie flash". I Treni Oggi (in Italian). Salò: Editrice Trasporti su Rotaie. IX (83): 6. June 1988. ISSN 0392-4602.
7. "Fermata silenziosa". I Treni (in Italian). XVII (173): 8. July–August 1996.CS1 maint: date format (link)
8. Atlante ferroviario s'Italia e Slovenia [Italian and Slovenian railway atlas)] (1 ed.). Schweers + Wall. 2010. pp. 50–1, 56, 62, 68–9, 146–7, 149. ISBN 978-3-89494-129-1.
9. Kalla-Bishop 1971, p. 28
10. Kalla-Bishop 1971, p. 44
11. Sviluppo delle ferrovie italiane dal 1839 al 31 dicembre 1926 (in Italian). Roma: Ufficio Centrale di Statistica delle Ferrovie dello Stato. 1927.}
12. Alessandro Tuzza. "Bibliografia Ferroviaria Italiana" (in Italian). Trenidicarta.it. Retrieved 2 August 2018.
13. S. Ceccarini (June–July 2010). "La Stazione di Livorno Centrale: 3 luglio 1910 - 3 luglio 2010". Il Pentagono (in Italian) (6): 8–11.CS1 maint: date format (link)

Sources

• Kalla-Bishop, P. M. (1971). Italian Railways. Newton Abbott, Devon, England: David & Charles.

See also

• List of railway lines in Italy