List of textile fibres

Textile fibres or textile fibers (see spelling differences) can be created from many natural sources (animal hair or fur, insect cocoons as with silk worm cocoons), as well as semisynthetic methods that use naturally occurring polymers, and synthetic methods that use polymer-based materials, and even minerals such as metals to make foils and wires. The consumer protection laws requires that fibre content be provided on content labels. Common textile fibres used in global fashion today include:[1][2][3][4]

Animal-based fibres
FibreSourceAttribute
AlpacaAlpacaSoft, warmth, lightweight
Angora woolAngora rabbitSoftness, blends well with other fibres
AzlonSyntheticSoft, silky, hygroscopic, also known as Aralac
ByssusPinna nobilisWarmth, lightweight
Camel hairArabian ña / Guanaco / South America camelid varietiesSoftness, warmth
Cashmere woolIndian cashmere goatSoftness
ChiengoraDogFluffy, lightweight
LambswoolSheepSoftness, elasticity, warmth
LlamaLlamaLightweight, insulating
Mohair woolAngora goatDyes well, lightweight
QiviutMuskoxenSoftness, warmth
RabbitRabbitsSoftness
SilkSilk wormSmooth fabric finish with high shine
VicuñaVicuñaExpensive, luxurious, soft
WoolSheepWarmth
YakWild YakHeavy, warmth

Plant-based fibres (cellulosic fibres)
FibreSourceAttribute
AbacáAbaca plantThin, lightweight
AcetateWood PulpLustrous, thermoplastic
BambooGrass pulpLightweight, pliable fibre
BananaBanana plant pseudostem/leavesWarm, thick, durable
KapokPentandra treeFluffy
CoirCoconutStrength, durability
CottonShrubLightweight, absorbent
FlaxHerbaceous plantLightweight, absorbent, used to make linen
HempCannabisStrength, durability
JuteVegetable plant in linden familyStrength,durability
KenafHibiscus cannabinusRough
LyocellEucalyptus TreeSoft, lightweight, absorbent
ModalBeech treeSoftness, lightweight
PiñaPineapple leafSoft, lightweight
RaffiaRaffia palmCarpet/rough
RamieFlowering plant in nettle familyHeavy, tough
RayonWood PulpSoft, lightweight, absorbent
SisalAgave sisalanaStrength, durability
Soy proteinTofu-manufacturing wasteWooly, lightweight

Other plant-based fibers:

Mineral-based fibres
FibreSourceAttribute
Asbestos ClothasbestosFire-resistance, light weight, carcinogenic
Glass, FibreglassMixed silicatesFire-resistance, futuristic appearance in some Foil, fibres, wire

Synthetic fibres
FibreSourceAttribute
AcrylicPetroleum ProductsLightweight, warm, dries quickly
KevlarAramidsVery strong
ModacrylicPetroleum ProductsLightweight, warm, dries quickly
NomexAramidsChemical, electrical, and flame resistant
NylonPetroleum ProductsDurable, strong, lightweight, dries quickly
PolyesterPetroleum ProductsDurable, strong, lightweight, dries quickly
SpandexPetroleum ProductsElastic, strong, lightweight
RayonRegenerated celluloseWeak when wet
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See also

References
  1. Calderin, Jay (2009). Form, Fit, Fashion. Rockport. pp. 116–7. ISBN 978-1-59253-541-5.
  2. "BBC GCSE Bitesize: Types of Fibre". BBC. Retrieved November 9, 2011.
  3. "FiberSource: The Manufactured Fiber Industry". FiberSource. Archived from the original on April 5, 2010. Retrieved November 10, 2011.
  4. Ricklin, Beda. "List of all existing fibers". Swicofil. Retrieved 27 May 2017.
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