List of state leaders in 1509

This is a list of heads of state, heads of governments, and other rulers in the year 1509.

Africa

• Adal Sultanate – Muhammad ibn Azhar ad-Din (1488–1518)
• Ethiopian Empire – Dawit II (1508–1540)
• Kingdom of Kongo –
  1. João I (1470–1509)
  2. Alfonso I (1509–1542)
• Sennar Sultanate – Amara Dunqas (1503–1533/4)

Americas

• Aztec Empire – Moctezuma II (1502–1520)
• Inca Empire – Huayna Capac (1493–1527)
• Muisca Confederation
  • zipa - Nemequene (1490–1514)
  • zaque - Quemuenchatocha (1490–1538)
• Puerto Rico – Juan Ponce de León, Governor (1509–1512)

Asia

• Ayutthaya Kingdom (Siam) – Ramathibodi II (1491–1529)
• China (Ming dynasty) - Zhengde Emperor (1505–1521)
• Kingdom of Cochin – Unniraman Koyikal II (1503–1537)
• Japan (Sengoku period)
  • Monarch – Emperor Go-Kashiwabara (1500–1526)
  • Ashikaga shogunate - Ashikaga Yoshitane (1508–1521)
• Joseon (Korea) – Jungjong (1506–1544)
• Mongolia – Dayan Khan (1478–1516)
• Ryukyu Kingdom – Shō Shin (1477–1526)

Europe

• Andorra –
  • Pere de Cardona, Bishop of Urgell and Co-Prince of Andorra (1472–1515)
  • Catherine of Navarre, Co-Princess of Andorra (1483–1516)
• Kingdom of Aragon – Ferdinand II the Catholic and Valencia, Count of Barcelona (1479–1516)
• Crown of Castile –
  • Joanna the Mad (1504–1555)
  • Ferdinand II of Aragon, Regent (1505–1516)
• Crimean Khanate – Meñli I Giray (1478–1515)
• Kingdom of Denmark and Norway – Hans, King of Denmark and Norway (1481–1513)
  • Duchy of Schleswig – Frederick I (1490–1533) and John I (1481–1513) in condominial rule
• Kingdom of England –
  1. Henry VII (1485–1509)
  2. Henry VIII (1509–1547)
• Kingdom of France – Louis XII (1498–1515)
  • Lordship (seigneurie) of Albret – Alain I (1471–1522)
  • Duchy of Alençon – Charles IV (1492–1525)
  • County of Armagnac – Margaret (1481–1549)
  • Bourbonnais –
    • Suzanne, Duchess of Bourbon (1503–1521)
    • Charles III, Duke of Bourbon and Count of La Marche (1505–1527)
  • Duchy of Brittany – Anne(1488–1514)
  • Duchy of Vendôme – Charles IV (1495–1514)
• Holy Roman Empire – Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor and Archduke of Austria (1493–1519)
  • County of Arenberg – Eberhard IV (1496–1531)
  • Margraviate of Baden-Baden – Christoph I (1475–1515) (1475–1515)
  • Duchy of Bavaria – William IV (1508–1550)
  • County of Bentheim-Bentheim – Eberwin II (1473–1530)
  • County of Bentheim-Lingen – Nicholas IV (1508–1541)
  • County of Bentheim-Steinfurt – Arnold II (1454–1806)
  • County of Bentheim-Tecklenburg – Otto VIII (1493–1526)
  • Electorate of Brandenburg – Joachim I Nestor (1499–1535)
  • Margraviate of Brandenburg-Ansbach – Frederick I, Margrave of Ansbach (1486–1515) and Margrave of Bayreuth (1495–1515)
  • Archbishopric of Bremen – Johann Rode von Wale (1497–1511)
  • Duchy of Brunswick and Lunenburg, Wolfenbüttel line – Henry IV (1491–1514)
  • County of Burgundy – Charles V, Duke of Brabant, Count of Burgundy and County of Artois (1506–1556)
  • County of Castell –
    • George I (1498–1528)
    • Wolfgang I (1498–1546)
  • Duchy of Cieszyn – Kazimierz II (1477–1528)
  • Electorate of Cologne – Philip II of Daun-Oberstein (1508–1515)
  • Duchy of Cleves–County of Mark – John II the Pious (1481–1521)
  • County of East Frisia – Edzard I, the Great (1491–1528)
  • Duchy of Ferrara and Duchy of Modena and Reggio – Alfonso I d'Este (1505–1534)
  • Fürstenberg-Baar –
    1. Wolfgang, Count of Fürstenberg-Baar (1499–1509)
    2. Frederick III, Count of Fürstenberg-Baar (1509–1599)
  • Duchy of Guelders – Charles II (1492–1538)
  • Landgraviate of Hesse – Philip I (1509–1567)
  • Duchy of Holstein – Frederick I (1490–1533) and John I (1481–1513) in condominial rule
  • Isenburg-Büdingen - Louis II, Count of Isenburg-Büdingen (1461–1511)
  • Königsegg – John IV, Baron of Königsegg (1500–1544)
  • Archbishopric of Magdeburg – Ernst II of Saxony (1475–1513)
  • Electorate of Mainz – Uriel von Gemmiongen (1508–1514)
  • Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin –
    • Heinrich V (1503–1552)
    • Albrecht VII (1503–1547)
  • Principality of Mindelheim – Georg von Frundsberg (1478–1528)
  • Nassau-Weilburg – Louis I, Count of Nassau-Weilburg (1492–1523)
  • Limburg-Styrum –
    • John III, Count of Limburg-Styrum (1473–1510)
    • Georg of Limburg (1505–1552)
    • William II, Count of Limburg-Styrum (1505–1522)
  • Duchy of Lorraine – Antoine (1508–1544)
  • Margravate of Mantua – Francesco II Gonzaga (1484–1519)
  • Duchy of Opole – John the Good (1476–1532)
  • Principality of Orange – Philibert of Châlon (1502–1530)
  • Ortenburg-Neuortenburg - Ulrich II, Count of Ortenburg-Neuortenburg (1495–1524)
  • Öttingen-Wallerstein - Louis XIII, Count of Öttingen-Wallerstein (1449–1517)
  • Electorate of the Palatinate – Louis V (1508–1544)
  • Duchy of Palatinate-Neuburg –
    • Otto Henry (1505–1559)
    • Philip (1505–1548)
  • Palatinate-Simmern –
    1. John I, Count Palatine of Simmern (1480–1509)
    2. John II, Count Palatine of Simmern (1509–1557)
  • Pappenheim – Joachim, Lord of Pappenheim (1508–1536)
  • Duchy of Pomerania – Bogislaw X (1478–1523)
  • Runkel - John, Count of Runkel (1460–1521)
  • Salm-Kyrburg – John VII, Wild- and Rhinegrave of Salm-Kyrburg (1499–1531)
  • Duchy of Savoy – Carlo III (1504–1553)
  • Saxony
    • Duchy of Saxe-Lauenburg – Magnus I (1507–1543)
    • Electorate of Saxony Ernestine branch - Frederick III (1486–1525)
    • Duchy of Saxony Albertine branch - George (1500–1539)
  • County of Sayn – John IV (1498–1529)
  • Schönborn – John IV, Lord of Schönborn (1490–1529)
  • Bishopric of Sion – Matthäus Schiner (1499–1522)
  • Solms-Braunfels - Bernard III, Count of Solms-Braunfels (1504–1537)
  • Stadion – John, Lord of Stadion (1507–1530)
  • Stolberg-Stolberg - Henry IX, Count of Stolberg-Stolberg (1455–1511)
  • Archbishopric of Trier – Jakob von Baden (1503–1511)
  • Archbishopric of Utrecht – Frederik IV van Baden (1496–1517)
  • County of Wied –
    • William III, Count of Wied (1487–1526)
    • John I, Count of Wied (1487–1533)
  • Bishopric of Worms – Reinhard von Rüppurr (1503–1523)
  • Duchy of Württemberg – Ulrich (1498–1519)
  • Bishopric of Würzburg – Lorenz von Bibra (1495–1519)
  • Zweibrücken – Alexander, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken (1490–1514)
• Kingdom of Hungary – Ladislaus II (1490–1516) and King of Bohemia (1471–1516)
• Ireland
  • Kingdom of Airgíalla – Rossa mac Maghnusa (1497–1513)
  • Kingdom of Breifne – Eoghan mac Tighearnain Oig (1500–1528)
  • Kingdom of East Breifne – Seaan mac Cathail (1491–1510)
  • Uí Maine – Maelsechlainn mac Tadhg Ó Cellaigh (1499–1511)
    • Síol Anmchadha – Breasal mac Eoghan Ua Madadhan, Lord of Síol Anmchadha (1479–1526)
  • Kingdom of Leinster – Muircheartach mac Donnchadh MacMurrough-Kavanagh (1478–1512)
  • Kingdom of Magh Luirg – Cormac MacDermott (1499–1528)
• Principality of Moldavia – Bogdan III the One-Eyed (1504–1517)
• Grand Duchy of Moscow – Vasili III (1505–1533)
• Kingdom of Naples – Ferdinand II the Catholic (1504–1516)
• Kingdom of Navarre –
  • Catherine, Queen of Navarre and Countess of Foix (1483–1516)
  • John III d'Albret (1484–1516)
• Ottoman (Turkish) Empire – Bayezid II (1481–1512)
• Papal States – Pope Julius II (1503–1513)
• Kingdom of Poland–Grand Duchy of Lithuania – Sigismund I the Old, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1506–1548)
  • Duchy of Masovia –
    • Stanislaus I (1503–1524)
    • Janusz III (1503–1526)
• Kingdom of Portugal and the Algarves – Manuel I (1495–1521)
• Kingdom of Scotland – James IV (1488–1513)
• Kingdom of Sweden – Svante Nilsson, Regent of Sweden (1504–1511)
• Teutonic Order – Friedrich of Saxony, Grand Master (1497–1510)
• Republic of Venice – Leonardo Loredan, Doge of Venice (1501–1523)
  • Duchy of the Archipelago – Francesco III Crispo (1500–1511)
• Principality of Wallachia –
  1. Mihnea cel Rău (1508–1509)
  2. Mircea III Dracul (1509–1510)

Middle East and North Africa

• Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt – Al-Ashraf Qansuh al-Ghawri (1501–1516)