List of presidents of Somalia
This is a list of presidents of Somalia. Since the establishment of the office of President in 1960, there have been 9 official presidents. The President is the head of state of Somalia and the commander-in-chief of the Somali Armed Forces.
This article is part of a series on the politics and government of Somalia |
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Major General Siad Barre, who came to power via the 1969 Somali coup d'état, also served as head of state as the President of the Supreme Revolutionary Council. After the 1979 Somali parliamentary election, the People's Assembly elected Barre President on 26 January 1980.[1] Barre was forced to flee from Mogadishu in January 1991 at the culmination of the Somali Rebellion and the end of the first phase of the Somali Civil War.
The current President is Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed "Faarmajo", elected in 2017.
List
No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political party | Election | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Took office | Left office | Time in office | |||||
1 | Aden Adde (1908–2007) | 1 July 1960 | 10 June 1967 | 6 years, 344 days | SYL | 1960 | |
2 | Abdirashid Shermarke (1919–1969) | 10 June 1967 | 15 October 1969 † | 2 years, 127 days | SYL | 1967 | |
– | Sheikh Mukhtar Mohamed Hussein (1912–2012) Acting [lower-alpha 1] | 15 October 1969 | 21 October 1969 | 6 days | SYL | — | |
3 | Siad Barre[lower-alpha 3] (1919–1995) | 21 October 1969 | 26 January 1991 | 21 years, 97 days | SRSP | 1980[2] 1986 | |
4 | Ali Mahdi Muhammad[lower-alpha 5] (born 1939) | 27 January 1991 | 3 January 1997 | 5 years, 342 days | USC | 1991 | |
Vacant (3 January 1997–27 August 2000)[lower-alpha 6] | |||||||
5 | Abdiqasim Salad (born 1941) | 27 August 2000 | 14 October 2004 | 4 years, 48 days | Independent | 2000 | |
6 | Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed (1934–2012) | 14 October 2004 | 29 December 2008 (Resigned) | 4 years, 76 days | Independent | 2004 | |
– | Aden Madobe (born 1957) Acting | 29 December 2008 | 31 January 2009 | 33 days | RRA | — | |
7 | Sharif Sheikh Ahmed (born 1964) | 31 January 2009 | 20 August 2012 | 3 years, 202 days | ARS | 2009 | |
— | Muse Hassan Sheikh Sayid Abdulle[lower-alpha 8] (born 1939) Acting | 20 August 2012 | 28 August 2012 | 8 days | Independent | — | |
— | Mohamed Osman Jawari (born 1945) Acting | 28 August 2012 | 16 September 2012 | 19 days | Independent | — | |
8 | Hassan Sheikh Mohamud (born 1955) | 16 September 2012 | 16 February 2017 | 4 years, 153 days | PDP | 2012 | |
9 | Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed (born 1962) | 16 February 2017 | Incumbent | 3 years, 169 days | TPP | 2017 |
See also
Notes
- Deposed in the 1969 Somali coup d'état.
- Also styled as President of Supreme Revolutionary Council
- Also styled as President of Supreme Revolutionary Council
- From November 1991 to 1995, Ali Mahdi Muhammad enjoyed recognition as President in the international community following the 1991 Djibouti conference: "at the second Djibouti conference (Aideed boycotted the first) held between 15 and 21 July 1991, Ali Mahdi was elected interim President of Somalia for a period of two years[...] Because of the legitimacy conferred on Ali Mahdi by the Djibouti conference, his government was recognized by several countries, including Djibouti, Egypt, Italy, and Saudi Arabia"; c.f. [3]
- From November 1991 to 1995, Ali Mahdi Muhammad enjoyed recognition as President in the international community following the 1991 Djibouti conference: "at the second Djibouti conference (Aideed boycotted the first) held between 15 and 21 July 1991, Ali Mahdi was elected interim President of Somalia for a period of two years[...] Because of the legitimacy conferred on Ali Mahdi by the Djibouti conference, his government was recognized by several countries, including Djibouti, Egypt, Italy, and Saudi Arabia"; c.f. [4]
- In the second half of the 1990s, different faction leaders vied for the Presidency, with none receiving international recognition. General Mohamed Farrah Aidid claimed to be President from 15 June 1995 to his death on 1 August 1996, followed by his son Hussein Farrah Aidid from 2 August 1996 to 20 March 1998.
- From 20 August 2012 to 28 August 2012, Muse Hassan Abdulle served as acting Speaker of the Parliament, and as such, as acting President while elections for a new Speaker and President were forthcoming. Per Article 95 of the provisional constitution Archived 2013-01-24 at the Wayback Machine: "If the Office of the President of the Federal Republic of Somalia falls vacant, the Speaker of the House of the People of the Federal Parliament shall act as President of the Federal Republic until such time as a new President of the Federal Republic is elected, within a maximum of thirty (30) days."; also c.f. [5]
- From 20 August 2012 to 28 August 2012, Muse Hassan Abdulle served as acting Speaker of the Parliament, and as such, as acting President while elections for a new Speaker and President were forthcoming. Per Article 95 of the provisional constitution Archived 2013-01-24 at the Wayback Machine: "If the Office of the President of the Federal Republic of Somalia falls vacant, the Speaker of the House of the People of the Federal Parliament shall act as President of the Federal Republic until such time as a new President of the Federal Republic is elected, within a maximum of thirty (30) days."; also c.f. [6]
References
- http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/SOMALIA_1979_E.PDF
- After the 1979 Somali parliamentary election, the People's Assembly elected Barre President on 26 January 1980. http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/SOMALIA_1979_E.PDF
- https://circle.ubc.ca/bitstream/handle/2429/5267/ubc_1994-0415.pdf?sequence=1
- https://circle.ubc.ca/bitstream/handle/2429/5267/ubc_1994-0415.pdf?sequence=1
- Rulers.org – August 2012, .
- Rulers.org – August 2012, .