List of missionaries to Hawaii

This is a list of missionaries to Hawaii. Before European exploration, the Hawaiian religion was brought from Tahiti by Paʻao according to oral tradition. Notable missionaries with written records below are generally Christian.

Missionaries preaching under kukui groves, 1841

Protestant

American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions

Several groups were sent from the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions.

First company

The first ABCFM company arrived on March 30, 1820 on the Thaddeus from Boston:[1][2]

Hiram Bingham I
  • John Honoree, Hawaiian and schoolmate of Henry Opukahaia
  • Thomas Hopoo, Hawaiian and schoolmate of Henry Opukahaia
  • William Tennooe, Hawaiian and schoolmate of Henry Opukahaia
  • George Sandwich (Also known as George Tamoree & Prince George) Hawaiian
  • Rev. Hiram Bingham I (1789–1869), father of Hiram Bingham II and grandfather of Hiram Bingham III
  • Sybil Moseley Bingham (1792–1848), wife of Hiram Bingham I
  • Daniel Chamberlain (1782–1881), farmer
  • Jerusha Burnap (1787–1879), wife of Daniel Chamberlain
  • Thomas Holman (1793–1826), doctor
  • Lucia Ruggles Holman (1793–1886), wife of Thomas Holman and sister to Samuel Ruggles, believed to be the first American woman to circumnavigate the globe
  • Elisha Loomis (1799–1836), the first printer in Hawaii[3]
  • Maria Theresa Sartwell (1796–1862), wife of Elisha Loomis
  • Rev. Samuel Ruggles (1795–1871), who brought the first Kona coffee trees to Hawaii in 1828
  • Nancy Well (1791–1873), wife of Samuel Ruggles
  • Rev. Asa Thurston (1787–1868), grandfather of businessman and politician Lorrin A. Thurston
  • Lucy Goodale (1795–1876), wife of Asa Thurston
  • Samuel Whitney (1793–1845), father of Henry Martyn Whitney
  • Mercy Partridge (1795–1872), wife of Samuel Whitney

Second company

The second ABCFM company arrived on April 23, 1823 on the Thames from New Haven:[4]

  • Rev. Artemas Bishop (1795–1872),
  • Elizabeth Edwards (1796–1828), wife of Artemas Bishop
  • Abraham Blatchley (1787–1860), doctor
  • Jemma Marvin (1791–1856), wife of Abraham Blatchley
  • Levi Chamberlain (1792–1849), superintendent of secular affairs
  • Rev. James Ely (1798–1890), licensed preacher who founded Kealakekua Church, ordained in 1825
  • Louisa Everest (1792–1849), wife of James Ely
  • Rev. Joseph Goodrich (1794–1852), licensed preacher, ordained in 1826, who founded the Hilo Station
  • Martha Barnes (1801–1840), wife of Joseph Goodrich
  • Rev. William Richards (1793–1847)
  • Clarissa Lyman (1794–1861), wife of William Richards
  • Rev. Charles Samuel Stewart (1795–1870), who published a journal[5]
  • Harriet Bradford Tiffany Stewart (1798–1830), wife of Charles Samuel Stewart
  • Betsey Stockton (1798–1865), the first African American and unmarried female missionary

Third company
Lorrin Andrews

The third ABCFM company arrived on March 30, 1828 on the Parthian from Boston:[6]

  • Rev. Lorrin Andrews (1795–1868), founder of Lahainaluna Seminary and judge
  • Mary Ann Wilson (1804–1879), wife of Lorrin Andrews
  • Rev. Ephraim Weston Clark (1799–1878), third pastor of Kawaiahaʻo Church
  • Mary Kittredge (1803–1857), wife of Ephraim Weston Clark
  • Rev. Jonathan Smith Green (1796–1878), who founded Makawao Union Church
  • Theodosia Arnold (1792–1859), wife of Jonathan Smith Green
  • Rev. Peter Johnson Gulick (1796–1877)
  • Fanny Hinckley Thomas (1798–1883), wife of Peter Gulick
  • Dr. Gerrit P. Judd (1803–1873), physician and diplomat
  • Laura Fish (1804–1872), wife of Gerrit P. Judd
  • Maria Ogden (1792–1874), teacher
  • Maria Patton (1803–1880), teacher, married Levi Chamberlain
  • Stephen Shepard (1800–1834), printer
  • Margaret Caroline Slow (1801–?), wife of Stephen Shepard
  • Mary Ward (1799–1834), teacher, married Edmund Horton Rogers as his second wife
  • Delia Stone (1800–1875), teacher, married Artemas Bishop as his second wife

Fourth company

The fourth ABCFM company arrived June 7, 1831 on the New England from New Bedford:[7]

  • Rev. Dwight Baldwin (1798–1886), physician on Maui island
  • Charlotte Fowler (1805–1873), wife of Dwight Baldwin
  • Rev. Sheldon Dibble (1809–1845), historian and Bible translator[8]
  • Maria M. Tomlinson (1808–1837), wife of Sheldon Dibble
  • Andrew Johnstone (1794–1859), assistant superintendent of secular affairs
  • Rebecca Worth (1792–1879), wife of Andrew Johnston
  • Rev. Reuben Tinker (1799–1854)
  • Mary Throop Wood (1809–1895), wife of Reuben Tinker

Fifth company
Cochran Forbes

The fifth ABCFM company arrived May 17, 1832 on the Averick from Boston:[9]

  • Rev. William Patterson Alexander (1805–1884), whose son founded Alexander & Baldwin
  • Mary Ann McKinney (1810–1888), wife of William Patterson Alexander
  • Rev. Richard Armstrong (1805–1860), various missions, second pastor of Kawaiahaʻo Church
  • Clarissa Chapman (1805–1891), wife of Richard Armstrong
  • Alonzo Chapin (1805–1876), physician
  • Mary Ann Tenney (1804–1885), wife of Alonzo Chapin
  • Rev. John Smith Emerson (1800–1867), founder of Liliuokalani Protestant Church
  • Ursula Sophia Newell (1806–1888), wife of John Smith Emerson
  • Rev. Cochran Forbes (1805–1880), the founder of Kealakekua Church in 1833
  • Rebecca Duncan Smith (1805–1878), Cochran Forbes
  • Rev. Harvey Rexford Hitchcock (1800–1855), who founded the first church on Molokaʻi island
  • Rebecca Howard (1808–1890), wife of Harvey Rexford Hitchock
  • Rev. David Belden Lyman (1803–1868), who founded the Hilo Boarding School
  • Sarah Joiner (1806–1885), wife of David Belden Lyman
  • Rev. Lorenzo Lyons (1807–1886), who built Imiola Church in Waimea, Hawaii County, Hawaii
  • Betsy Curtis (1813–1837), first wife of Lorenzo Lyons
  • Edmund Horton Rogers (1806–1853), printer
  • Rev. Ephraim Spaulding (1802–1840), who built the house at Waineʻe Church
  • Julia Brooks (1810–1898), wife of Ephraim Spaulding

Sixth company

The sixth ABCFM company arrived on May 1, 1833 on the Mentor:[10]

  • Rev. John Diell (1808–1841)
  • Caroline Platt (1807–1901), wife of John Diell
  • Lemuel Fuller (1810–?), printer
  • Rev. Benjamin Wyman Parker (1803–1877)
  • Mary Elizabeth Barker (1805-1907), wife of Benjamin Wyman Parker
  • Rev. Lowell Smith (1802–1891)
  • Abba Willis Tenney (1809–1885), wife of Lowell Smith

Seventh company

The seventh ABCFM company arrived on June 6, 1835 on the Hellespont:[11]

  • Lydia Brown (1780–1865), teacher
  • Rev. Titus Coan (1808–1881), first pastor of Haili Church in Hilo[12]
  • Fidelia Church (1810–1872), first wife of Titus Coan
  • Henry Dimond (1808–1895), bookbinder
  • Ann Maria Anner (1808–1893), wife of Henry Dimond
  • Edwin Oscar Hall (1810–1883), printer
  • Sarah Lyons Williams (1812–1876), first wife of Edwin Oscar Hall
  • Elizabeth Maria Hitchcock (1802–1857), teacher, married Edmund Horton Rogers as his second wife

Eighth company

The eighth ABCFM company arrived on April 9, 1837 on the Mary Frasier from Boston:[13]

  • Seth Lathrop Andrews (1809–1892), physician
  • Parnelly Pierce (1807–1846), wife of Seth Lathrop Andrews
  • Edward Bailey (1814–1903), teacher
  • Caroline Hubbard (1814–1894), wife of Edward Baily
  • Rev. Isaac Bliss (1804–1851)
  • Emily Curtis (1811–1865), wife of Isaac Bliss
  • Samuel Northrup Castle (1808–1894), who co-founded Castle & Cooke
  • Angeline Lorraine Tenney (1810–1841), first wife of Samuel Northrup Castle
  • Rev. Daniel Toll Conde (1807–1897)
  • Andelucia Lee (1810–1855), wife of Daniel Toll Conde
  • Amos Starr Cooke (1810–1871), who founded the Royal School in Honolulu
  • Juliette Montague (1812–1896), wife of Amos Starr Cooke and taught at the Royal School
  • Rev. Mark Ives (1809–1885)
  • Mary Ann Brainerd (1810–1882), wife of Mark Ives
  • Rev. Edward Johnson (1813–1867), teacher, ordained 1848
  • Lois S. Hoyt (1809–1891), wife of Edward Johnson
  • Horton Owen Knapp (1813–1845), teacher
  • Charlotte Close (1813–1846), wife of Horton Owen Knapp
  • Rev. Thomas Lafon (1801–1876)
  • Sophia Louisa Parker (1812–1844), wife of Thomas Lafon
  • Edwin Locke (1813–1843), teacher
  • Martha Laurens Rowell (1812–1842), wife of Edwin Locke
  • Charles MacDonald (1812–1839), teacher
  • Harriet Treadwell Halstead (1810–1881), wife of Charles MacDonald
  • Bethuel Munn (1803–1849), teacher
  • Louisa Clark (1810–1841), wife of Bethuel Munn
  • Marcia M. Smith (1806–1896), teacher
  • Lucia Garratt Smith (1808–1892), teacher, later married to as his second wife Lorenzo Lyons
  • William Sanford Van Duzee (1811–1883), teacher
  • Oral Hobart (1814–1891), wife of William Sanford Van Duzee
  • Abner Wilcox (1808–1869), teacher
  • Lucy Eliza Hart (1814–1869), wife of Abner Wilcox
  • Two Hawaiian seamen, Joseph and Levi, served as translators

Ninth company
John D. Paris

The ninth ABCFM company arrived on May 21, 1841 on the Gloucester:[14]

Tenth company

The tenth ABCFM company arrived on September 24, 1842 on the Sarah Abagail from Boston:[15]

  • Rev. George Berkeley Rowell (1815–1884)
  • Malvina Jerusha Chapin (1816–1901)
  • James William Smith (1810–1887), physician and teacher
  • Millicent Knapp Smith (1816–1891), wife of James William Smith

Arrived on October 19, 1842 on the Sarah Abagail from New York:[15]

  • Rev. Samuel Chenery Damon (1815–1885), publisher of "The Friend".
  • Julia Sherman Mills (1817–1890), wife of Samuel Chenery Damon

Arrived on September 21, 1843 from Boston, originally intended on going to Oregon:[15]

  • Rev. Asa Bowen Smith (1809–1886)
  • Sarah Gilbert White (1813–1855), wife of Asa Bowen Smith

Eleventh company

The eleventh ABCFM company arrived July 15, 1844 on the Globe from Boston:[16]

  • Rev. Claudius Buchanan Andrews (1818–1877)
  • Rev. Timothy Dwight Hunt (1840–1895)
  • Mary Hedges (died 1857), wife of Timothy Dwight Hunt
  • Rev. John Fawcett Pogue (1814–1877)
  • Rev. Eliphalet Whittlesey (1816–1889)
  • Elizabeth Keane Baldwin (1821–1876), wife of Eliphalet Whittlese

Twelfth company

The twelfth ABCFM company arrived February 26, 1848 on the Samoset from Boston:[17]

  • Rev. Samuel Gelston Dwight (1815–1880), stationed in Kaluaʻaha. He married Native Hawaiian Anna Mahoe (1839–1879)
  • Rev. Henry Kinney (1816–1854), stationed in Waiohinu
  • Maria Louisa Walsworth (1822–1858), who later married businessman Benjamin Pitman after her husband's death

Other arrivals

Arrived in 1854, intended for Micronesia on the Chaica:[18]

  • William Cornelius Shipman (1824–1861), stationed in Waiohinu
  • Jane Stobie (1827–1904), wife of William Cornelius Shipman

London Missionary Society

From the London Missionary Society (deputation of British missionaries and Tahitian teachers on their way to theMarquesas), they arrive from Tahiti on April 16 and returned to Tahiti on August 27, 1822 on the Mermaid:[19]

  • Rev, Daniel Tyerman
  • Rev. George Bennet
  • Mary Mercy Moore (1793-1835) spouse of William Ellis.
  • Rev. William Ellis (1794–1872), who returned on February 4, 1823 on the Active, toured the islands, and published a book about the tour. He left after about eighteen months in the islands.[19][20]
  • Anna and Matatore, Tahitian chiefs and teacher, part of 1822 LMS brief stay
  • Taua and Tute, Tute, Tahitian teachers, part of 1823 LMS arrival

Anglican Church
  • Bishop Thomas Nettleship Staley (1823–1898), the first Anglican bishop, arrived in 1862.
  • Bishop Alfred Willis (1836–1920), the second Anglican bishop, arrived in 1872
  • Archdeacon George Mason, founder of ʻIolani School, part of the first Anglican mission under Bishop Staley
  • Rev. Edmund Ibbotson, founder of ʻIolani School, part of the first Anglican mission under Bishop Staley
  • Rev. William Richard Scott, founder of ʻIolani School (on Lahaina)
  • Rev. Joseph James Elkington
  • Rev. Alexander Mackintosh, Canon of the St. Andrew's and principal of the Royal School for many years.
  • Rev. Thomas Harris (1841–1907), Dean of Honolulu from 1868 to 1870.[21]

Other groups

From The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, arriving on December 12, 1850 on the Imaum of Muscat from San Francisco:[22]

  • Hiram Clark
  • Henry Bigler
  • Hiram Blackwell
  • George Q. Cannon
  • John Dixon
  • William Farrer
  • James Hawkins
  • James Keeler
  • Thomas Morris
  • Thomas Whittle

Methodist Episcopal Church

Hawaii Evangelical Association

  • John M. Lewis, Reverend of Wailuku Union Church from 1898-1900

Native Hawaiian Protestant
Native Hawaiian missionary family, c. 1878

• Samuel C. Luhiau(Lo’eau),(1824-1904),Assistant Reverend to Elias Bond,(1858-1896)Kalahikiola Church and the Kohala Girl’s Seminary School at I’ole,built Keanahalululu Church at Kaipuha’a;Lamaloloa ,Kohala’akau. Member of the House of Nobles of The Kingdom of Hawai’i 1887-1889,under King Kalākaua. Uncle to Jane Luhiau(Lo’eau) who married Robert Jasper.

  • David Malo (1793–1853), historian, built Kilolani Church
  • Henry ʻŌpūkahaʻia, who traveled via China to New England to inspire ABCFM
  • James Kekela, first ordained Hawaiian Protestant minister
  • Bartimeus Lalana Puaʻaiki, first Hawaiian licensed to preach
  • Thomas Hopu, educated at Foreign Mission School and assisted the first ABCFM company
  • John Honolii, educated at Foreign Mission School and assisted the first ABCFM company
  • William Kanui, educated at Foreign Mission School and assisted the first ABCFM company
  • William Kamooula, educated at Foreign Mission School and assisted the second ABCFM company
  • Richard Kalaioulu, educated at Foreign Mission School and assisted the second ABCFM company
  • Kupelii, educated at Foreign Mission School and assisted the second ABCFM company
  • George Tyler Kielaa, educated at Foreign Mission School and assisted the third ABCFM company
  • Samuel J. Mills Paloo, educated at Foreign Mission School and assisted the third ABCFM company
  • John E. Phelps Kalaaauluna, educated at Foreign Mission School and assisted the third ABCFM company
  • Jonathan Napela, Uaua and Kaleohano, early Mormon converts, who would later serve as prominent missionaries and leaders in the LDS Church.[23]
  • William Hoapili Kaʻauwai (1835–1874), only Native Hawaiian to be ordained a priest of the Anglican Church of Hawaii in 1864

Tahitian Protestant
  • Stephen Popohe, educated at Foreign Mission School and assisted the second ABCFM company
  • Henry Tahiti, educated at Foreign Mission School and assisted the third ABCFM company
  • Tute Tehuiariʻi, accompanied Ellis of the London Missionary Society, chaplain to Hawaiian royalty and father of Manaiula Tehuiarii
  • Taua, accompanied Ellis of the London Missionary Society
  • Taʻamotu, female teacher, accompanied Ellis of the London Missionary Society
  • Toteta, Tahitian teacher
  • Auna, Tahitian teacher
  • Daniel Kahikona, Tahitian teacher

Roman Catholic
Episcopal arms of Bishop Rouchouze in a window at the Cathedral of Our Lady of Peace, Honolulu

Arrived in 1827 on La Comète from France on an invitation issued by Jean Baptiste Rives:

Subsequent bishops and priests:

Father Damien, SS.CC., in his later years, already afflicted with Hansen's disease

Also:

  • Mother Marianne Cope, O.S.F., (1838–1918), who led a group of Sisters from her religious congregation in answer to a plea by the King for nursing care of leprosy victims, and who eventually went to Molokai to help Father Damien in his last days and continue his work; beatified by the Catholic Church in 2005, canonized in October 2012
  • Brother Joseph Dutton (1843–1931), a lay brother who assisted in Father Damien's work and lived on Molokai from 1886 to his death.
  • Sister Leopoldina Burns (1855-1942), O.S.F., companion of Mother Marianne Cope in Molokai eho helped care for the lepers and served as educator for girls.

Hawaiian Catholics:

  • Helio Koaʻeloa (1815–1846), an early Catholic lay catechist known as the "Apostle of Maui".
  • Petero Mahoe, early Hawaiian catechist
  • Marie Leahi, early Hawaiian catechumen

Orthodox
  • Protopresbyter Jacob Korchinsky (1861–1941), founded the Russian Orthodox Mission in Honolulu, Hawaii in 1915. He was executed by Soviet authorities in August 1941. He is under consideration for sainthood in the Russian Orthodox Church.[24]
  • Archimandrite Innokenty Dronoff (+1930s to 1940s), served the Russian Orthodox Community in the Hawaiian Islands in the 1930s to 1940s. His final resting place is unknown. He was based primarily out of Hilo, Hawaii.[25]
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See also

Notes
  1. Hawaiian Mission Children's Society 1901, p. 1.
  2. Orramel Hinckley Gulick (1918). The pilgrims of Hawaii: their own story of their pilgrimage from New England. Fleming H. Revell company. pp. 341–347. ISBN 0-524-09143-9.
  3. James R. Davis. "Hawaiian Missionaries". Rootsweb.Ancestry.com. Retrieved 2009-10-22.
  4. Hawaiian Mission Children's Society 1901, p. 11.
  5. Stewart, Charles Samuel; Ellis, William (1828). Journal of a Residence in the Sandwich Islands, During the Years 1823, 1824, and 1825 (1st ed.). London: H. Fisher, Son, and P. Jackson.
  6. Hawaiian Mission Children's Society 1901, p. 20.
  7. Hawaiian Mission Children's Society 1901, p. 28.
  8. Sheldon Dibble (1843). History of the Sandwich Islands. Lahainaluna: Press of the Mission Seminary.
  9. Hawaiian Mission Children's Society 1901, p. 33.
  10. Hawaiian Mission Children's Society 1901, p. 44.
  11. Hawaiian Mission Children's Society 1901, p. 49.
  12. Coan, Titus (1882). Life in Hawaii. New York: Anson Randolph & Company. ISBN 0-8370-6036-2.
  13. Hawaiian Mission Children's Society 1901, p. 54.
  14. Hawaiian Mission Children's Society 1901, p. 71.
  15. Hawaiian Mission Children's Society 1901, p. 76.
  16. Hawaiian Mission Children's Society 1901, p. 81.
  17. Hawaiian Mission Children's Society 1901, p. 86.
  18. Hawaiian Mission Children's Society 1901, p. 93.
  19. Hawaiian Mission Children's Society 1901, p. 9.
  20. William Ellis (1823). "A journal of a tour around Hawaii, the largest of the Sandwich Islands". Crocker and Brewster, New York, republished 2004, Mutual Publishing, Honolulu. ISBN 1-56647-605-4. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  21. Pascoe, Charles Frederick (1894). Classified Digest of the Records of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts, 1701-1892. London: Published at the Society's Office. p. 908. OCLC 1618798.
  22. Bureau of Information 1964, pp. 3.
  23. LDS Church Almanac 2010 Edition, p. 331
  24. "Fr. Jacob Korchinsky: Missionary and Martyr".
  25. ""From Island to Island with the Word of God on His Lips" How the Only Orthodox Priest on the Islands Lives and Works".

References
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