List of castles in Ghana
During the colonial period in Ghana, at the time known as Gold Coast, European-style coastal forts and castles were built, mostly by Portuguese, Dutch and British. A number of these fortifications and outposts were designated World Heritage Site by UNESCO.
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19th-century map of Gold Coast and the Asante kingdom
Kumasi Fort in the Ashanti Region was originally built by an Asante king in imitation of these colonial forts.[1]
Coastal regions
| UNESCO World Heritage Site | |
|---|---|
 Cape Coast Castle | |
| Location | Ghana |
| Includes | |
| Criteria | Cultural: (vi) |
| Reference | 34 |
| Inscription | 1979 (3rd session) |
Forts and Castles, Volta, Greater Accra, Central and Western Regions is the collective designation by UNESCO of European-style fortifications and outposts (mostly Portuguese, Dutch and British) along the Gold Coast (modern-day Ghana) during the colonial period. The term specifically applies to a number of such fortifications designated as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1979, including:[2]
- Fort Good Hope (Fort Goedehoop)
- Cape Coast Castle
- Fort Patience (Fort Leysaemhyt)
- Fort Amsterdam
- Fort St. Jago (Fort Conraadsburg)
- Fort Batenstein
- Fort San Sebastian
- Fort Metal Cross
- English Fort (Fort Vredenburg)
- Fort Saint Antony
- Elmina Castle (St. George's Castle / Fort St. Jorge)
The full WHS list consists of:[2]
- Three castles:
- Fifteen forts:
- Good Hope at Senya Beraku
- Patience at Apam
- Amsterdam at Abandze
- St. Jago at Elmina
- San Sebastian at Shama
- Metal Cross at Dixcove
- St. Anthony at Axim
- Orange at Sekondi
- Fort Groß Friedrichsburg at Prince's Town
- William (Lighthouse) at Cape Coast
- William at Anomabu
- Victoria at Cape Coast
- Ussher at Usshertown, Accra
- James at Jamestown, Accra
- Apollonia at Beyin
- Four forts partially in ruins:
- Amsterdam at Abandze (Note, this fort is listed both as fort and as fort partially in ruins by UNESCO)
- English Fort at British Komenda
- Batenstein at Butre;
- Prinzensten at Keta
- Ruins with visible structures:
- Nassau at Mouri
- Fredensborg at Old Ningo
- Vredenburg at Dutch Komenda
- Vernon at Prampram
- Dorothea at Akwidaa
- Two sites with traces of former fortifications:
- Frederiksborg at Amanful, Cape Coast
- Fort Augustaborg at Teshie
Other coastal forts included in Ghana's material cultural heritage list of the Ghana Museums and Monuments Board:[3]
- Fort Fredericksburg at Amanful (distinguished from Fort Frederiksborg/Fort Royal near Cape Coast Castle)
- Fort McCarthy at Cape Coast
- The Little Fort at Anomabu
- Fort Tantumquery at Otuam
Not listed as heritage (mostly largely destroyed or otherwise lost):
- Fort Winneba at Winneba
- Fort Sekondi at Sekondi
- Fort Kongenstein at Ada
- Fort Elize Carthago near Axim
- Fort Ruychaver on the banks of the Ankobra River
- Fort Witsen near Sekondi
Regions of Ghana
By region (from East to West):
- Volta Region:
- Greater Accra Region:
- Fort Fredensborg, Old Ningo (5°45′04″N 0°11′01″E)
- Fort Vernon, Prampram (5°43′31″N 0°07′00″E)
- Fort Augustaborg, Teshie (5°35′00″N 0°06′00″W)
- Osu Castle (Christiansborg), Accra (5°32′49″N 0°10′57″W)
- Ussher Fort, Accra (5°32′19″N 0°12′30″W)
- Fort James, Accra (5°32′01″N 0°12′40″W)
- Central Region:
- Fort Good Hope (Fort Goede Hoop), Senya Beraku (5°23′15″N 0°29′23″W)
- Fort Lijdzaamheid ('Patience'), Apam (5°17′10″N 0°43′41″W)
- Fort Amsterdam, Abandze (5°11′32″N 1°05′35″W)
- Fort William, Anomabu (5°10′27″N 1°07′08″W)
- Fort Nassau, Moree (5°08′00″N 1°12′00″W)
- Cape Coast Castle, Cape Coast (5°06′12″N 1°14′33″W)
- Fort William (Lighthouse), Cape Coast (5°06′29″N 1°14′39″W)
- Fort Victoria, Cape Coast (5°06′24″N 1°14′57″W)
- Elmina Castle, Elmina (5°04′57″N 1°20′53″W)
- Fort Coenraadsburg, Elmina (5°05′04″N 1°21′03″W)
- Fort Vredenburgh, Komenda (5°03′06″N 1°29′01″W)
- English Fort, Komenda (5°03′00″N 1°29′22″W)
- Western Region:
- Fort San Sebastian, Shama (5°00′39″N 1°37′45″W)
- Fort Orange, Sekondi (4°56′09″N 1°42′26″W)
- Fort Batenstein, Butri (4°49′37″N 1°55′17″W)
- Fort Metal Cross, Dixcove (4°47′36″N 1°56′42″W)
- Fort Groß Friedrichsburg, Prince's Town (4°47′28″N 2°08′02″W)
- Fort Santo Antonio, Axim (4°52′05″N 2°14′40″W)
- Fort Apollonia, Beyin (4°59′15″N 2°35′25″W)
Other regions
- Kumasi Fort in the Ashanti Region.[1]
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References
- Kumasi Fort and Military Museum at www
.ghanamuseums .org - "Forts and Castles, Volta, Greater Accra, Central and Western Regions". UNESCO World Heritage Convention. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
- Forts and Castles at Ghana Museums and Monuments Board website
External links
- Ghana-Net: Forts and Castles of Ghana (with pictures)
- Ghana Place Names: Forts & Castles (meanings and origins of names)
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