List of Formica species

This is a list of the extant and extinct (†) species in the genus Formica which includes wood ants, mound ants, & field ants.[1][2][3][4]

Formica Temporal range: Eocene-Present, 46–0 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Formica rufa
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Hymenoptera
Family:	Formicidae
Genus:	Formica Linnaeus, 1758
Type species
Formica rufa
Synonyms
Adformica Lomnicki, 1925 Coptoformica Müller, 1923 Formicina Shuckard, 1840 Neoformica Wheeler, 1913 Raptiformica Forel, 1913 Serviformica Forel, 1913

Valid Formica species

†Formica annosa holotype male

Formica dirksi worker

†Formica cockerelli paratype male

• Formica accreta Francoeur, 1973
• Formica adamsi Wheeler, 1909
• Formica adelungi Forel, 1904
• Formica aegyptiaca Fabricius, 1775
• Formica aerata Francoeur, 1973
• †Formica alsatica Theobald, 1937
• Formica altayensis Xia & Zheng, 1997
• Formica altipetens Wheeler, 1913
• Formica anatolica Seifert & Schultz, 2009
• †Formica annosa LaPolla & Greenwalt, 2015
• Formica approximans Wheeler, 1933
• Formica aquilonia Yarrow, 1955
• †Formica arcana Scudder, 1877
• Formica archboldi Smith, 1944
• Formica argentea Wheeler, 1912
• Formica aserva Forel, 1901
• Formica aseta Chang & He, 2002
• Formica aterrima Cresson, 1865
• †Formica auxillacensis Piton, 1935
• †Formica bauckhorni Meunier, 1915
• Formica beijingensis Wu, 1990
• †Formica biamoensis Dlussky et al., 2015
• Formica biophilica Trager et al., 2007
• Formica bradleyi Wheeler, 1913
• Formica breviscapa Chang & He, 2002
• Formica browni Francoeur, 1973
• Formica bruni Kutter, 1967
• †Formica buphthalma Novak, 1878
• Formica californica (Creighton, 1950)
• Formica calviceps Cole, 1954
• Formica canadensis Santschi, 1914
• Formica candida Smith, 1878
• †Formica cantalica Piton, 1935
• †Formica ceps Zhang, 1989
• Formica ciliata Mayr, 1886
• Formica cinerea Mayr, 1853
• Formica cinereofusca Karavaiev, 1929
• Formica clara Forel, 1886
• Formica clarissima Emery, 1925
• †Formica cockerelli Carpenter, 1930
• Formica coloradensis Creighton, 1940
• Formica comata Wheeler, 1909
• Formica corsica Seifert, 2002
• Formica creightoni Buren, 1968
• Formica criniventris Wheeler, 1912
• Formica cunicularia Latreille, 1798
• Formica curiosa Creighton, 1935
• Formica dachaidanensis Chang & He, 2002
• Formica dakotensis Emery, 1893
• Formica decipiens Bondroit, 1918
• Formica delinghaensis Chang & He, 2002
• †Formica demersa Heer, 1850
• Formica densiventris Viereck, 1903
• Formica difficilis Emery, 1893
• Formica dirksi Wing, 1949
• Formica dolosa Buren, 1944
• Formica dusmeti Emery, 1909
• Formica elongata Fabricius, 1787
• Formica emeryi Wheeler, 1913
• †Formica eoptera Cockerell, 1923
• Formica exsecta Nylander, 1846
• Formica exsectoides Forel, 1886
• Formica fennica Seifert, 2000
• Formica ferocula Wheeler, 1913
• †Formica flavifemoralis Zhang et al., 1994
• †Formica flori Mayr, 1868
• Formica foreliana Wheeler, 1913
• Formica forsslundi Lohmander, 1949
• Formica fossaceps Buren, 1942
• Formica francoeuri Bolton, 1995
• Formica frontalis Santschi, 1919
• Formica fukaii Wheeler, 1914
• Formica fusca Linnaeus, 1758
• Formica fuscocinerea Forel, 1874
• Formica gagates Latreille, 1798
• Formica gagatoides Ruzsky, 1904
• Formica georgica Seifert, 2002
• Formica gerardi Bondroit, 1917
• †Formica gibbosa Presl, 1822
• Formica glabridorsis Santschi, 1925
• Formica glacialis Wheeler, 1908
• †Formica globiventris Heer, 1850
• Formica gnava Buckley, 1866
• †Formica grandis Carpenter, 1930
• Formica gravelyi Mukerjee, 1930
• †Formica gravida Heer, 1850
• †Formica gustawi Dlussky, 2002
• Formica gynocrates Snelling & Buren, 1985
• Formica hayashi Terayama & Hashimoto, 1996
• †Formica heteroptera Cockerell, 1920
• Formica hewitti Wheeler, 1917
• †Formica horrida Wheeler, 1915
• †Formica immersa Heer, 1850
• Formica impexa Wheeler, 1905
• Formica incerta Buren, 1944
• Formica indianensis Cole, 1940
• Formica insultans Forskal, 1775
• Formica integra Nylander, 1856
• Formica integroides Wheeler, 1913
• Formica japonica Motschoulsky, 1866
• Formica kashmirica Stärcke, 1935
• Formica knighti Buren, 1944
• Formica kozlovi Dlussky, 1965
• Formica kupyanskayae Bolton, 1995
• †Formica kutscheri Dlussky, 2008
• Formica laeviceps Creighton, 1940
• Formica lasioides Emery, 1893
• †Formica latinodosa Theobald, 1937
• †Formica lavateri Heer, 1850
• Formica lemani Bondroit, 1917
• Formica lepida Wheeler, 1913
• Formica limata Wheeler, 1913
• †Formica linquensis Zhang, 1989
• Formica liogaster Chang & He, 2002
• Formica liopthalma Chang & He, 2002
• Formica litoralis Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1926
• †Formica longicollis Heer, 1850
• Formica longipilosa Francoeur, 1973
• †Formica lucida Giebel, 1856
• Formica lugubris Zetterstedt, 1838
• †Formica luteola Presl, 1822
• †Formica macrognatha Presl, 1822
• †Formica macrophthalma Heer, 1850
• †Formica maculipennis Theobald, 1935
• Formica manchu Wheeler, 1929
• Formica manni Wheeler, 1913
• †Formica martynovi Popov, 1933
• Formica mesasiatica Dlussky, 1964
• Formica microgyna Wheeler, 1903
• Formica microphthalma Francoeur, 1973
• Formica minocca Chang & He, 2002
• Formica moki Wheeler, 1906
• Formica montana Wheeler, 1910
• Formica morsei Wheeler, 1906
• Formica mucescens Wheeler, 1913
• Formica mutinensis (Canestrini, 1873)
• Formica neoclara Emery, 1893
• Formica neogagates Viereck, 1903
• Formica neorufibarbis Emery, 1893
• Formica nepticula Wheeler, 1905
• Formica nevadensis Wheeler, 1904
• Formica nigra Presl, 1822
• Formica nigropratensis Betrem, 1962
• †Formica obscura Heer, 1849
• Formica obscuripes Forel, 1886
• Formica obscuriventris Mayr, 1870
• Formica obsidiana Emery, 1923
• Formica obtecta Heer, 1850
• Formica obtusopilosa Emery, 1893
• Formica occulta Francoeur, 1973
• Formica opaciventris Emery, 1893
• Formica orangea Seifert & Schultz, 2009
• †Formica orbata Heer, 1850
• Formica oreas Wheeler, 1903
• Formica oregonensis Cole, 1938
• †Formica ovala Zhang, 1989
• Formica pachucana Francoeur, 1973
• Formica pacifica Francoeur, 1973
• †Formica palaeopolonica Dlussky, 2008
• †Formica paleosibirica Dlussky et al., 2015
• Formica pallidefulva Latreille, 1802
• Formica pamirica Dlussky, 1965
• Formica paralugubris Seifert, 1996
• †Formica parexsecta Dlussky & Putyatina, 2014
• †Formica parvula Presl, 1822
• Formica pergandei Emery, 1893
• Formica perpilosa Wheeler, 1913
• Formica persica Seifert & Schultz, 2009
• †Formica phaethusa Wheeler, 1915
• Formica picea Nylander, 1846
• Formica pisarskii Dlussky, 1964
• †Formica pitoni Theobald, 1935
• Formica planipilis Creighton, 1940
• Formica podzolica Francoeur, 1973
• Formica polyctena Foerster, 1850
• Formica postoculata Kennedy & Dennis, 1937
• Formica pratensis Retzius, 1783
• Formica pressilabris Nylander, 1846
• †Formica primitiva Heer, 1850
• †Formica primordialis Heer, 1850
• †Formica procera Heer, 1850
• Formica prociliata Kennedy & Dennis, 1937
• Formica propatula Francoeur, 1973
• Formica propinqua Creighton, 1940
• Formica puberula Emery, 1893
• †Formica pulchella Heer, 1850
• Formica pulla Francoeur, 1973
• Formica pyrenaea Bondroit, 1918
• †Formica quadrata Holl, 1829
• Formica querquetulana Kennedy & Davis, 1937
• †Formica radchenkoi Dlussky, 2008
• Formica ravida Creighton, 1940
• Formica reflexa Buren, 1942
• Formica retecta Francoeur, 1973
• †Formica robusta Carpenter, 1930
• Formica rubicunda Emery, 1893
• Formica rufa Linnaeus, 1761 (Type species)
• Formica rufibarbis Fabricius, 1793
• Formica ruficornis Gmelin, 1790
• Formica rufolucida Collingwood, 1962
• Formica sanguinea Latreille, 1798
• Formica scitula Wheeler, 1913
• Formica selysi Bondroit, 1918
• Formica sentschuensis Ruzsky, 1915
• †Formica sepulta Theobald, 1937
• †Formica serresi Theobald, 1937
• †Formica seuberti Heer, 1850
• Formica sibylla Wheeler, 1913
• Formica sinensis Wheeler, 1913
• Formica spatulata Buren, 1944
• †Formica strangulata Wheeler, 1915
• Formica strenua Haliday, 1836
• Formica subaenescens Emery, 1893
• Formica subcyanea Wheeler, 1913
• Formica subelongata Francoeur, 1973
• Formica subintegra Wheeler, 1908
• Formica subnitens Creighton, 1940
• Formica subpilosa Ruzsky, 1902
• Formica subpolita Mayr, 1886
• Formica subsericea Say, 1836
• Formica suecica Adlerz, 1902
• †Formica surinamensis Berendt, 1830
• Formica talbotae Wilson, 1977
• Formica tarimica Seifert & Schultz, 2009
• Formica tianshanica Seifert & Schultz, 2009
• Formica transmontanis Francoeur, 1973
• Formica triangularis Say, 1836
• †Formica trigona Presl, 1822
• †Formica tripartita Theobald, 1937
• Formica truncorum Fabricius, 1804
• Formica ulkei Emery, 1893
• †Formica ungeri Heer, 1850
• Formica uralensis Ruzsky, 1895
• Formica villiscapa Chang & He, 2002
• Formica vinculans Wheeler, 1913
• Formica wheeleri Creighton, 1935
• Formica wongi Wu, 1990
• Formica xerophila Smith, 1939
• Formica yessensis Wheeler, 1913
• Formica yoshiokae Wheeler, 1933
• †Formica zherikhini Dlussky, 2008

Synonyms

Formica cinerea worker, Sr synonym to a number of proposed species

A number of described species have been synonymized into other species as jr synonyms

• Formica cinerea - Senior synonym of Formica balcanica Petrov & Collingwood, 1993, Formica imitans Ruzsky, 1902, Formica lefrancoisi Bondroit, 1918, and Formica subrufoides Forel, 1913
• †Formica flori - Senior synonym to †Formica antiqua Dlussky, 1967, †Formica baltica Dlussky, 1967, †Formica egecomerta Özdikmen, 2010, and †Formica parvula Dlussky, 2002
• Formica foreli - Senior synonym to Formica goesswaldi Kutter, 1967, Formica naefi Kutter, 1957, and Formica tamarae Dlussky, 1964
• Formica forsslundi - Senior synonym to Formica brunneonitida Dlussky, 1964, Formica fossilabris Dlussky, 1965, and Formica nemoralis Dlussky, 1964
• †Lasius globularis - Senior synonym to †Formica capito Heer, 1867
• Formica manchu - Senior synonym to Formica dlusskyi Bolton, 1995
• Formica pallidefulva - Senior synonym to Formica nitidiventris Emery, 1893, Formica schaufussi Mayr, 1866, and Formica succinea Wheeler, 1904
• †Formica phaethusa - Senior synonym to †Formica clymene Wheeler, 1915
• Formica ravida - Senior synonym to Formica haemorrhoidalis Creighton, 1940 and Formica rufa tahoensis Creighton, 1940
• †Formica ungeri - Senior synonym to †Formica acuminata Heer, 1849, †Formica aemula Heer, 1867, †Formica kollari Heer, 1867, and †Formica oblita Heer, 1867
• Formica pressilabris - Senior synonym to Formica rufomaculata Ruzsky, 1895 & Formica tamarae Dlussky, 1964
• Formica selysi - Senior synonym to Formica torrentium Bernard, 1967

Moved

†Casaleia longiventris lectotype queen; Originally described as †Formica longiventris

Some species were originally described as species of Formica, but later moved to different genera

• †Formica atavina Heer, 1849 - current combination †Ponerites atavinus
• †Formica gracilis Heer, 1867 - current combination †Ponerites gracilior
• †Formica longiventris Heer, 1850 - current combination †Casaleia longiventris
• †Formica macrocephala Heer, 1850 - current combination †Lasius ophthalmicus
• †Formica ocella Heer, 1850 - current combination †Emplastus ocellus
• †Formica ophthalmica Heer, 1850 - current combination †Lasius ophthalmicus
• †Formica pumila Heer, 1850 - current combination †Lasius occultatus
• Formica subrufa Roger, 1859 - current combination Iberoformica subrufa

Unidentifiable

A number of species described in the genus have subsequently been determined as unidentifiable to the genus

• Formica abdominalis Latreille, 1802
• Formica amyoti Le Guillou, 1842
• Formica aequalis Walker, 1871
• Formica affinis Leach, 1825
• Formica albipennis Fabricius, 1793
• Formica arenicola Buckley, 1866
• Formica atra Schilling, 1839
• Formica bicolor Leach, 1825
• Formica chufejif Forskal, 1775
• Formica conica Fabricius, 1798
• Formica connecticutensis Buckley, 1866
• Formica didyma Fabricius, 1782
• Formica dislocata Say, 1836
• Formica elevata Fabricius, 1782
• Formica fatale Christ, 1791
• Formica foetens Olivier, 1792
• †Formica fragilis Heer, 1867
• Formica fuscescens Gmelin, 1790
• Formica fuscicauda Motschoulsky, 1863
• Formica glabra Gmelin, 1790
• Formica hirta Gravenhorst, 1807
• Formica incisa Smith, 1858
• Formica inequalis Lowne, 1865
• Formica lincecumii Buckley, 1866
• Formica lutea Dumeril, 1860
• Formica maculata Geoffroy, 1785
• Formica malabarica Schrank, 1837
• Formica maligna Forskal, 1775
• Formica maxillosa Fabricius, 1775
• Formica melanophthalma Reich, 1793
• Formica melanopis Gmelin, 1790
• Formica minuta Lowne, 1865
• Formica molestans Latreille, 1802
• Formica nana Latreille, 1802
• Formica nitida Razoumowsky, 1789
• Formica nortonii Buckley, 1866
• Formica novaeanglae Buckley, 1866
• Formica obsoleta Linnaeus, 1758
• †Formica obvoluta Heer, 1850
• Formica occidentalis Buckley, 1866
• †Formica oculata Heer, 1850
• Formica omnivora Linnaeus, 1758
• Formica ovata Reich, 1793
• Formica pallidelutea Latreille, 1802
• Formica pallipes Latreille, 1787
• Formica phyllophila Jerdon, 1851
• Formica picipes Reich, 1793
• Formica politurata Buckley, 1866
• Formica quadrinotata Losana, 1834
• Formica rediana Leach, 1825
• Formica rostrata Fabricius, 1787
• Formica rubescens Leach, 1825
• Formica ruficeps Motschoulsky, 1863
• Formica rupestris Leach, 1825
• Formica saccharivora Linnaeus, 1758
• Formica saxicola Buckley, 1866
• Formica schardj Forskal, 1775
• Formica siamicarubra Christ, 1791
• Formica subpicea Motschoulsky, 1863
• Formica subspinosa Buckley, 1866
• Formica tenuissima Buckley, 1866
• Formica testacea Gmelin, 1790
• Formica testaceipes Leach, 1825
• Formica thoracica Olivier, 1792
• Formica tomentosa Reich, 1793
• Formica vagans Fabricius, 1793
• Formica venosa Gmelin, 1790
• Formica virginiana Buckley, 1866

Miscellaneous

• Formica fuliginothorax Blacker, 1992 is considered an unavailable name, due to the type description not designating any type specimens.

References

1. "Formica Genus Information". BugGuide.net. Retrieved 2018-02-27.
2. "Formica Report". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 2018-02-27.
3. "Formica Overview". Encyclopedia of Life. Retrieved 2018-02-27.
4. "Browse Formica". Catalogue of Life. Retrieved 2018-02-27.