Law enforcement in Pakistan

Law enforcement in Pakistan (Urdu: نفاذ قانون کے ادارے‎) is one of the three main components of the criminal justice system of Pakistan, alongside the courts and the prisons.[1][2] In Pakistan, law enforcement is jointly carried out by the federal and provincial police services and other law enforcement agencies who form a chain leading from investigation of suspected criminal activity to administration of criminal punishment.[3] The court system is vested with the power to make legal determinations regarding the conduct of the other two components.[2]

The police logo of Pakistan.

Police honorary ribbon.

Primarily operated through the four provincial governments and the Islamabad Capital Territory, each police service has a jurisdiction extending only within the relevant province or territory.[4] Apart from investigating crime scenes, criminal acts, suspected unlawful activities, and detention of suspected criminals pending judicial action, the law enforcement agencies (primarily police) also perform duties that include the service and enforcement of warrants, writs, and other orders of the courts.[3] The law enforcement agencies are also involved in providing first response to emergencies and other threats to public safety as well as protecting the infrastructure and maintaining order in the country. At the federal level there are a number of law enforcement agencies including the Federal Investigation Agency, Federal Board of Revenue, Intelligence Bureau, Anti Narcotics Force, National Counter Terrorism Authority, the National Highways and Motorway Police and the Railways Police.[3] The four provinces each have their own police services such as the Punjab Police, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Police, Sindh Police, Balochistan Police. The Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Police services are supported by paramilitary units such as the Frontier Constabulary and Frontier Corps.[3] Each police force has a Commissioner of Police appointed as Inspector-General who is the most senior officers from the Police Service of Pakistan— a component of the Central Superior Services of Pakistan.[5]

Designations of PSP officers

Uniformed Sindh Police constable with firearm

Grade	Police Ranks	Directorial/Secretarial Appointment
BPS-17	Assistant Superintendent of Police Deputy Superintendent of Police	Assistant Director, Intelligence Bureau Assistant Director, Federal Investigation Agency Assistant District Officer, Frontier Constabulary Sub-Divisional Police Officer (SDPO)
BPS-18	Additional Superintendent of Police Superintendent of Police	Deputy Director, Intelligence Bureau Deputy Director, Federal Investigation Agency SP Dolphin Force (only in Punjab) District Officer, Frontier Constabulary District Police Officer (DPO) of smaller districts
BPS-19	Assistant Inspector General of Police Senior Superintendent of Police	Director, Intelligence Bureau Additional Director, Federal Investigation Agency Director, National Police Academy Course Commander, National Police Academy Additional Director, Financial Monitoring Unit Additional Director, Special Security Unit Additional Director, National Crisis Management Cell District Police Officer (DPO) of larger districts City Police Officer (CPO)
BPS-20	Deputy Inspector General of Police	Director General, NACTA Headquarters Deputy Director General, Intelligence Bureau Director, Federal Investigation Agency Deputy Commandant, Frontier Constabulary Director, Special Security Unit Director, National Crises Management Cell Deputy Commandant, National Police Academy Director, National Police Bureau Director, Financial Monitoring Unit Director, National Police Academy Regional Police Officer (RPO) of a division Capital City Police Officer (CCPO) City Police Officer (CPO)
BPS-21	Inspector General of Police Additional Inspector General of Police	Inspectors General Of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Gilgit Baltistan and Islamabad Capital Territory Managing Director, National Police Foundation Director General, National Police Bureau Joint Director General, Intelligence Bureau Director General, National Crises Management Cell Additional Director General, Federal Investigation Agency Deputy National Coordinator, National Counter Terrorism Authority
BPS-22	Inspector General of Police	Provincial Police Officers of Punjab, Sindh, KP and Balochistan Secretary, Narcotics Control Division National Coordinator, National Counter Terrorism Authority Director General, Intelligence Bureau Director General, Federal Investigation Agency Director General, National Police Bureau Inspector General, Pakistan Railways Commandant, National Police Academy Commandant, Frontier Constabulary Inspector General National Highways & Motorways Police

See also

• List of law enforcement agencies in Pakistan
• Federal Security Force, a defunct law enforcement agency
• Paramilitary forces of Pakistan
• List of cases of law enforcement brutality in Pakistan

References

1. Manzoor, Saima; Manzoor, Akif; Manzoor, Asif (2014). Police in Pakistan. U.S.: Lulu publications. ISBN 110599032X. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
2. Hassan, Abbas (2011). "Reforming Pakistan's Police and Law Enforcement Infrastructure". www.usip.org/. U.S. Institute of Peace. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
3. "Our Partners". National Police Bureau, Government of Pakistan. Archived from the original on 2012-01-18. Retrieved 2008-07-01.
4. Abbas, Hassan. "Police Reforms in Pakistan" (PDF). ispu.org. Hassan Abbas, special report published by USIP. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-04-02. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
5. Jones, Mark; Johnstone, Peter (2011). "Time Capsule: Policing in pakistan". History of Criminal Justice (google books). New York, U.S.: Routledge. ISBN 131752246X. Retrieved 5 March 2015.