Kim Darroch

Nigel Kim Darroch, Baron Darroch of Kew, KCMG ( /ˈdærək/; born 30 April 1954) is a former British diplomat. He served as the British Ambassador to the United States between January 2016 and December 2019. He resigned his post on 10 July 2019 following the leak of diplomatic cables in which he had been critical of the Trump administration, and concluded his post in December 2019 when he retired from HM Diplomatic Service.

The Right Honourable The Lord Darroch of Kew KCMG
Darroch in 2016
British Ambassador to the United States
In office 28 January 2016 – 31 December 2019
Monarch	Elizabeth II
President	Obama, Trump
Prime Minister	Cameron, May, Johnson
Preceded by	Peter Westmacott
Succeeded by	Karen Pierce
United Kingdom National Security Advisor
In office 23 January 2012 – 7 September 2015
Monarch	Elizabeth II
Prime Minister	David Cameron
Preceded by	Peter Ricketts
Succeeded by	Mark Lyall Grant
Her Majesty's Permanent Representative to the European Union
In office July 2007 – 23 January 2012
Monarch	Elizabeth II
Prime Minister	Brown, Cameron
Preceded by	John Grant
Succeeded by	Jon Cunliffe
Member of the House of Lords Lord Temporal
Incumbent
Assumed office 11 November 2019 Life Peerage
Personal details
Born	Nigel Kim Darroch (1954-04-30) 30 April 1954 South Stanley, County Durham, England[1]
Spouse(s)	Vanessa, Lady Darroch ( m. 1978)
Children	2
Education	Abingdon School
Alma mater	Durham University

Early life

Nigel Kim Darroch was born in the village of South Stanley in County Durham, England, on 30 April 1954, to parents Alastair Macphee Darroch and Enid Darroch.[2][3] He was educated at Abingdon School and at Durham University (Hatfield College), from where he graduated with a bachelor's degree in zoology in 1975.[2][4] Darroch was an avid Fives player in his youth, representing his school and later Durham University.[5][6]

Career

Ambassador Peter Westmacott, Prime Minister David Cameron and National Security Advisor Darroch meet with President Barack Obama at the White House in January 2015

Darroch joined the Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO) in 1976.[2] He was appointed to the Diplomatic Service in 1980 to serve as a First Secretary in Tokyo from 1980 to 1984.[2][7] He served in a number of posts, including as desk officer for the Channel Tunnel project and co-secretary of the UK-French Channel Tunnel Treaty Group, as private secretary to David Mellor and then The Lord Glenarthur as the FCO's Minister of State from 1987 to 1989, and as Counsellor for External Affairs at the British Permanent Representative to the European Union for a year before being promoted to Director as head of the FCO's press office in 1998.[2]

In 2000, Darroch moved back to policy work as Director of EU Comd, and in 2003 promoted further to be Director-General, Europe. In 2004, he transferred to 10 Downing Street, as Head of the Cabinet Office European Secretariat, where he served as the Prime Minister's principal advisor on European affairs. After three years, Darroch was appointed to replace John Grant in Brussels, as British Permanent Representative to the European Union in 2007 for a four-year term.[2]

On 24 June 2011, it was announced that Darroch would replace Peter Ricketts as National Security Advisor in January 2012, with Jon Cunliffe selected as Darroch's replacement as Permanent Representative to the European Union.[2][8]

Ambassador to the United States

Ambassador Darroch and Foreign Secretary Jeremy Hunt (right) meet Secretary of State Mike Pompeo in January 2019

On 7 July 2015, the Foreign Office announced that Darroch would be replaced by Mark Lyall Grant in September 2015, with Darroch moving to a different diplomatic post.[9] On 20 August 2015, the Foreign Office announced that his new role would be as the Ambassador to the United States, replacing Peter Westmacott on 28 January 2016.[10][11]

In November 2016, following the US election, a memo by Darroch to Prime Minister Theresa May was leaked in which he said the President-elect of the United States, Donald Trump, could be influenced by the British government. The following week, Trump tweeted that Nigel Farage should serve as British ambassador to the United States. Downing Street said that there was no vacancy and that the UK had "an excellent ambassador to the US".[12][13] Darroch was in London the next day for consultations with May that were said to have been long planned.[14]

Cables leak and resignation

On 7 July 2019, secret diplomatic cables from Darroch to the British government, dating from 2017 to 2019, were leaked to Steven Edginton, a 19-year-old "freelance journalist" and Brexit Party employee.[15] Darroch assessed the Trump administration as "inept and insecure".[16] In response, Nigel Farage said Darroch was "totally unsuitable" for office,[17] and Trump tweeted that Darroch was "not liked or well thought of within the US" and that "we will no longer deal with him".[18] The Prime Minister, Theresa May, expressed support for Darroch and ordered a leak inquiry.[19] It led to a criminal investigation by Scotland Yard.[15]

On 10 July, Darroch resigned as Ambassador to the United States. He wrote that "the current situation is making it impossible for me to carry out my role as I would like".[20] Previously, Boris Johnson, the frontrunner in the election to replace May, had declined to publicly back Darroch. Consensus among political commentators in the UK was that this made Darroch's position untenable.[21] Both May and the leader of the opposition, Jeremy Corbyn, praised Darroch's service in the House of Commons and deplored that he had to resign under pressure from the United States.[20] A spokesman for the prime minister said that it was an ambassador's job to provide "an honest and unvarnished view" of the US administration.[20] Darroch remained in the post until the end of the year.[22]

Darroch was nominated for a crossbench Peerage in the 2019 Resignation Peerages.[23]

Honours

Darroch was appointed a Companion of Order of St Michael and St George (CMG) in the 1997 New Year Honours,[24] and promoted to Knight Commander of the same order (KCMG) in the 2008 Birthday Honours.[25] He was created a life peer in Theresa May's 2019 Resignation Honours List. He was created Baron Darroch of Kew, of St Mawes in the County of Cornwall on 11 November 2019.[26]

Personal life

In 1978, Darroch married Vanessa, now a teacher at the British International School of Washington.[27] They have two children, Simon, a geologist based at Vanderbilt University who also studied at Durham, and Georgina, a botanist at Kew Gardens.[28][27]

See also

• List of Old Abingdonians
• List of Durham University people
• List of heads of missions of the United Kingdom

References

1. "Index entry". FreeBMD. ONS. Retrieved 30 January 2016.
2. "Darroch, Sir (Nigel) Kim, (born 30 April 1954), HM Diplomatic Service". Who's Who (UK). Retrieved 19 May 2019.
3. "Speaker Bios" (PDF). National Governors Association. 19 February 2016. Retrieved 19 May 2019.
4. "Gazette". Durham University Archives. Retrieved 14 March 2018.
5. "Fives" (PDF). Abingdonian. 15 (8): 367. May 1972. Retrieved 1 January 2020.
6. "OA Notes" (PDF). Abingdonian. 16 (2): 71. May 1973. Retrieved 1 January 2020.
7. "No. 48673". The London Gazette. 9 July 1981. p. 2.
8. "Senior Diplomatic Appointments". Number 10. 24 June 2011. Retrieved 25 June 2011.
9. "National Security Adviser appointment: Sir Mark Lyall-Grant – Press releases – Government of the United Kingdom". Government of the United Kingdom. Retrieved 8 July 2015.
10. "Change of Her Majesty's Ambassador to the United States of America – News stories – Government of the United Kingdom". Government of the United Kingdom. Retrieved 29 January 2016.
11. "Order of Precedence and Date of Presentation of Credentials". United States Department of State. Archived from the original on 2 February 2017. Retrieved 22 August 2017.
12. Wilkinson, Michael; Alexander, Harriet (22 November 2016). "Donald Trump recommends Nigel Farage for British ambassador to the United States – but No10 tells him 'there's no vacancy'". The Daily Telegraph. London. Retrieved 22 November 2016.
13. Wintour, Patrick; Elgot, Jessica; Borger, Julian (22 November 2016). "Ministers rejects Donald Trump's call to appoint Nigel Farage ambassador". The Guardian. Retrieved 22 November 2016.
14. Cowburn, Ashley (22 November 2016). "Theresa May meets with British ambassador to the US following Donald Trump remarks". The Independent. Retrieved 22 November 2016.
15. Bowcott, Owen; Waterson, Jim (21 July 2019). "Brexit party activist says he obtained Kim Darroch cables". The Guardian. Retrieved 21 July 2019.
16. "Trump administration is 'inept and insecure', says UK ambassador". BBC News. 7 July 2019. Retrieved 7 July 2019.
17. Michelle Kosinski; Schams Elwazer; Stephen Collinson (7 July 2019). "Cables from UK's ambassador to the US blast Trump as 'inept,' 'incompetent'". CNN. Retrieved 7 July 2019.
18. "Trump sharpens attack on UK ambassador Kim Darroch over emails". BBC News. Retrieved 8 July 2019.
19. Mason, Rowena; Walker, Peter (8 July 2019). "Theresa May has 'full faith' in Kim Darroch but rejects his view of Trump". The Guardian. Retrieved 10 July 2019.
20. Walker, Peter (10 July 2019). "Kim Darroch resigns as UK ambassador to US after leaked Trump comment". The Guardian. Retrieved 10 July 2019.
21. Walker, Peter; Wintour, Patrick; Syal, Rajeev; Siddiqui, Sabrina (10 July 2019). "Boris Johnson blamed after Kim Darroch quits as UK ambassador to US". The Guardian. Retrieved 10 July 2019.
22. Walker, Peter; Wintour, Patrick; Syal, Rajeev; Siddiqui, and Sabrina (10 July 2019). "Johnson has thrown US ambassador under the bus, say top Tories". The Guardian. Retrieved 11 July 2019.
23. "Resignation Peerage 2019" (PDF). gov.uk. Cabinet Office. 10 September 2019. Retrieved 10 September 2019. Nominations for Crossbench Peerages:Sir (Nigel) Kim DARROCH KCMG Lately HM Ambassador to the United States of America and former National Security Adviser.
24. "No. 54993". The London Gazette (3rd supplement). 30 December 1997. p. 3.
25. "No. 58729". The London Gazette (1st supplement). 14 July 2008. p. 2.
26. "No. 62826". The London Gazette. 14 November 2019. p. 20564.
27. "Vanessa Darroch British International School Washington". Nord Anglia Education. Archived from the original on 14 July 2019. Retrieved 19 May 2019.
28. "Simon Darroch - Durham University". Dunelm USA. Retrieved 19 May 2019.

External links

• UK Government press release announcing Darroch's appointment to UKREP
• Appearances on C-SPAN

Government offices
Preceded by Unknown	Director-General, Europe of the Foreign and Commonwealth Office 2003–2004	Succeeded by Nicola Brewer
Preceded by Sir Stephen Wall	Head of the Cabinet Office European Secretariat 2004–2007	Succeeded by Jon Cunliffe
Diplomatic posts
Preceded by Sir John Grant	UK Permanent Representative to the European Union 2007–2011	Succeeded by Sir Jon Cunliffe
Preceded by Sir Peter Westmacott	British Ambassador to the United States 2016–2019	Succeeded by Dame Karen Pierce
Government offices
Preceded by Sir Peter Ricketts	National Security Advisor 2012–2015	Succeeded by Sir Mark Lyall Grant
Orders of precedence in the United Kingdom
Preceded by The Lord Carter of Haslemere	Gentlemen Baron Darroch of Kew	Followed by The Lord Goldsmith of Richmond Park