Jacksonville, Tampa and Key West Railway

Jacksonville, Tampa and Key West Railway
	Train on the Jacksonville, Tampa and Key West Railway in 1885
Overview
Locale	Florida
Dates of operation	1879–1899
Successor	Plant System; Atlantic Coast Line Railroad; Seaboard Coast Line Railroad; CSX Transportation
Technical
Track gauge	4 ft 8 1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
Previous gauge	5 ft (1,524 mm) (1883–1886)
Route map
	CSX A Line north
	(fmr. East Florida Railway)
	fmr. Green Cove Springs and Melrose Railroad
	to Melrose
	fmr. Georgia Southern and Florida Railway (NS)
	to Lake City
	← fmr. Florida Southern Railway (ACL) •
	fmr. Palatka Branch (FEC) →
	CSX
	Central Florida Rail Corridor
	CSX Deland Spur
	(fmr. Orange Ridge, DeLand and Atlantic Railroad)
	Central Florida Rail Corridor
	(fmr. South Florida Railroad)
	CSX Aloma Spur
	(fmr. Sanford and Indian River Railroad)

The Jacksonville, Tampa and Key West Railway was a railroad and steamboat network in Florida, USA at the end of the 19th century. Most of its lines became part of the Plant System in 1899 and the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad in 1902. The line remains in service today with a vast majority of it now being CSX Transportation's Sanford Subdivision.

History

The Tampa, Peace Creek and St. Johns River Railroad was incorporated in 1879, and received a charter to build a railroad from Jacksonville to Tampa. The Jacksonville, Tampa and Key West Railway was incorporated in 1871, and acquired the railway charter from the Tampa, Peace Creek and St. Johns River Railroad. Construction of a rail line from Jacksonville to Palatka began in March 1883, and regular service between the cities began in March 1884. The railroad was built to the 5-foot gauge to match that of the Plant System Waycross and Florida Railroad, with which it connected in Jacksonville. The Jacksonville, Tampa and Key West Railway extended its line from Palatka to Sanford in 1885, using the right-of-way of the Palatka and Indian River Railway Company. The line crossed the St. Johns River a few miles south of Palatka and ran southward on the east side of the river to the northern end of Lake Monroe, crossed back over the river and then ran a few miles to Sanford, where it connected to the South Florida Railroad. The line to Sanford began regular service in February 1886.[1]

The Atlantic Coast, St. Johns and Indian River Railroad completed a line from Titusville, on the Indian River, to Enterprise, on the eastern shore of Lake Monroe opposite Sanford, in early 1886. The Jacksonville, Tampa and Key West Railway build a 3.9-mile (6.3 km) line to Enterprise from its mainline at Enterprise Junction. The Jacksonville, Tampa and Key West Railway then leased the Atlantic Coast, St. Johns and Indian River Railroad, and purchased all of its rolling stock. The Jacksonville, Tampa and Key West Railway operated the Enterprise to Titusville line as its Indian River Branch.[1]

After leasing the Titusville–Enterprise line of the Atlantic Coast, St. Johns and Indian River Railroad, the Jacksonville, Tampa and Key West Railway began operating steamboats from its dock in Titusville down the Indian River to Jupiter. In December 1888, the Jacksonville, Tampa and Key West Railway established the Indian River Steamboat Company to operate the steamboats, with Mason Young, vice-president of the railway company, servicing as president of the steamboat company.[2] The Jupiter and Lake Worth Railway opened in 1889 as a short connection between the Indian River Steamboat Company at Jupiter and the north end of Lake Worth, where steamers continued south. The line was abandoned by 1896 after the completion of the parallel Florida East Coast Railway.

The Orange Ridge, DeLand and Atlantic Railroad Company was a 3-foot gauge 6-mile (9.7 km) line built in 1885, connecting DeLand with DeLand Landing on the St. Johns River. The Jacksonville, Tampa and Key West line intersected it 2 miles (3.2 km) from DeLand Landing at DeLand Junction. The railroad was reincorporated in 1886 as the Deland and St. Johns River Railroad Company and converted to 5-foot gauge to match the Jacksonville, Tampa and Key West Railway.[1]

In 1893 the JT&KW went bankrupt. The Southeastern Railway bought the line from Enterprise to Titusville in 1899, and later that year sold it to the Florida East Coast Railway. Also that year, the rest of the system was reincorporated as the Jacksonville and St. Johns River Railway and sold to the Savannah, Florida and Western Railway (the Plant System). The Plant System became part of the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad in 1902. In 1967 the ACL merged into the Seaboard Coast Line Railroad, eventually becoming part of CSX. The JT&KW is now part of the "A" Line, one of CSX's two main lines into Florida.[3]

Branches

DeLand

The Orange Ridge, DeLand and Atlantic Railroad was incorporated by Laws of Florida Chapter 3332, No. 114 on March 7, 1881, running from DeLand west across the JT&KW at DeLand Junction to the St. Johns River. It became the DeLand and St. Johns River Railroad in 1886, and the JT&KW bought it in 1890.

Enterprise

The Enterprise Branch ran from the main line at Benson Junction east to Enterprise. It continued to Titusville as the Atlantic Coast, St. Johns and Indian River Railroad, acquired in 1886. The Atlantic Coast, St. Johns and Indian River Railroad connected with the Florida East Coast Railway in Titusville. The Florida East Coast Railway later acquired the branch from Enterprise to Titusville in 1902.[4]

Lake Eustis

The Sanford and Lake Eustis Railway was organized in 1886 and merged into the JT&KW on May 1, 1890. The line ran west from Sanford to Tavares on Lake Eustis.

Current operations

A CSX local freight passing through the DeLand station, May 16, 2019.

The Jacksonville, Tampa and Key West Railway remains in service and is today part of CSX's A Line. CSX has designated it as their Sanford Subdivision and Jacksonville Terminal Subdivision. Though as of 2011, the Florida Department of Transportation owns a short segment of the line south of Deland to Sanford and operates the SunRail commuter rail service over that segment. CSX still runs local freight on the line but all through freight trains have since been shifted to the S Line due to SunRail service. Prior to the sale of the southern portion of the line to FDOT, CSX's Sanford Subdivision continued south to Sanford and then along on the former South Florida Railroad as far as Auburndale.

Amtrak also uses the line for all of its Florida service including the Silver Meteor, Silver Star, and the Auto Train.

Station listing

Milepost	City	Station	Connections and notes
A 642.8	Jacksonville	Jacksonville Terminal	union station A Line continues north via East Florida Railway
		LaVilla Junction	junction with Florida, Atlantic and Gulf Central Railroad (SAL)
		Edgewood
		Black Point
		Reeds
		Orange Park
		Peoria
		Black Creek
		Fleming
		Magnolia
A 672.6		Green Cove Springs
		Melrose Crossing	junction with Green Cove Springs and Melrose Railroad
		Walkill
A 682.2		West Tocoi
A 690.8		Bostwick
		Teasdale
		Sauble
A 698.0		Palatka	Amtrak Silver Meteor, Silver Star and Sunset Limited junction with: Florida Southern Railway (ACL) Georgia Southern and Florida Railroad (SOU) Florida East Coast Railway Palatka Branch Ocklawaha Valley Railroad
A 700.4		Lund
		Peniel
		Buffalo Bluff
A 708.1		Satsuma
		Sisco
A 712.2	Pomona Park	Pomona	later renamed Pomona Park
		Como
A 716.7		Huntington
		Denver
		Hammond
A 726.6		Seville
		Bakersburg
		Pierson
		Eldridge
A 737.9		Barberville
		Deep Creek
		Spring Garden
		Glenwood
		Highland Park
A 750.0		DeLand	Amtrak Silver Meteor, Silver Star and Sunset Limited originally DeLand Junction junction with DeLand and St. Johns River Railroad (JT&KW)
		Beresford
		Orange City Junction	junction with Atlantic and Western Railroad (FEC)
A 760.8		Enterprise Junction	later renamed Benson Junction junction with Enterprise Branch
		Monroe	junction with Orange Belt Railway (ACL)
A 766.3		Sanford	Amtrak Auto Train, Silver Meteor, Silver Star and Sunset Limited
		Sanford	old ACL station junction with: South Florida Railroad (ACL, now CSX "A" Line) Sanford and Lake Eustis Railway (JT&KW/ACL) Sanford and Indian River Railroad (ACL) Orange Belt Railway (ACL)

References

Pettengill, George W., Jr. (1998) [1952]. The Story of the Florida Railroads 1834–1903. Bulletin of the Railway & Locomotive Historical Society, Inc. 86 (Reprint ed.). Jacksonville, Florida: The Southeast Chapter of The Railway & Locomotive Historical Society, Inc. pp. 80–82.
Railroad Commission of the State of Florida (1891). Annual Report. pp. 90–101.
CSX Jacksonville Division Timetable
Turner, Gregg (2003). A Short History of Florida Railroads. Arcadia Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7385-2421-4.

Railroad History Database
Mileposts from CSX Transportation Timetables

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[Pettengill-1] Pettengill, George W., Jr. (1998) [1952]. The Story of the Florida Railroads 1834–1903. Bulletin of the Railway & Locomotive Historical Society, Inc. 86 (Reprint ed.). Jacksonville, Florida: The Southeast Chapter of The Railway & Locomotive Historical Society, Inc. pp. 80–82.

[Florida1891-2] Railroad Commission of the State of Florida (1891). Annual Report. pp. 90–101.

[CSX-3] CSX Jacksonville Division Timetable

[Turner-4] Turner, Gregg (2003). A Short History of Florida Railroads. Arcadia Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7385-2421-4.