J. Caleb Boggs

James Caleb Boggs (May 15, 1909 – March 26, 1993) was an American lawyer and politician from Claymont in New Castle County, Delaware. He was commonly known by his middle name, Caleb.

For the similarly named US Representative from the same time period, see Hale Boggs.

J. Caleb Boggs
United States senator from Delaware
In office January 3, 1961 – January 3, 1973
Preceded by	J. Allen Frear Jr.
Succeeded by	Joe Biden
Chair of the National Governors Association
In office June 25, 1959 – June 26, 1960
Preceded by	LeRoy Collins
Succeeded by	Stephen McNichols
62nd Governor of Delaware
In office January 20, 1953 – December 30, 1960
Lieutenant	John W. Rollins David P. Buckson
Preceded by	Elbert N. Carvel
Succeeded by	David P. Buckson
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Delaware's at-large district
In office January 3, 1947 – January 3, 1953
Preceded by	Philip A. Traynor
Succeeded by	Herbert B. Warburton
Associate Judge of the New Castle County Family Court
In office November 9, 1942 – January 3, 1947
Preceded by	Billy Bickson
Succeeded by	Johnathan Taylor
Personal details
Born	James Caleb Boggs (1909-05-15)May 15, 1909 Cheswold, Delaware, U.S.
Died	March 26, 1993(1993-03-26) (aged 83) Wilmington, Delaware, U.S.
Political party	Republican
Spouse(s)	Elizabeth Muir
Education	University of Delaware, Newark (BA) Georgetown University (LLB)
Military service
Allegiance	United States
Branch/service	United States Army
Years of service	1941–1946
Rank	Colonel
Unit	6th Armored Division
Battles/wars	World War II
Awards	Campaign Stars (5) Legion of Merit Bronze Star Croix de Guerre

He was a veteran of World War II, and a member of the Republican Party, who served three terms as U.S. Representative from Delaware, two terms as Governor of Delaware, and two terms as U.S. Senator from Delaware.

Early life and family

Boggs was born on May 15, 1909, at Cheswold, Delaware, the son of Edward Jefferson and Lettie Vaughn Boggs. He married Elizabeth Muir and had two children, Cale, Jr. and Marilu. They were members of the Methodist Church.

He graduated from the University of Delaware in 1931 and from Georgetown Law School in 1937. In 1938, he was admitted to the bar and began the practice of law at Dover, Delaware.

During World War II, he served in the US Army with the 6th Armored Division fighting in Normandy, the Rhineland, the Ardennes, and central Europe. He earned five Campaign Stars, the Legion of Merit, the Bronze Star Medal with Oak Leaf Cluster, and the Croix de Guerre with palm from France.

United States Representative

Boggs was appointed Associate Judge of the Family Court of New Castle County in 1946. He was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1946, defeating incumbent Democratic U.S. Representative Philip A. Traynor. He won the election a total of three times, also defeating Democrats J. Carl McGuigan in 1948, and Henry M. Winchester in 1950. Boggs served in the U.S. House from January 3, 1947, to January 3, 1953.

Governor of Delaware

Boggs was elected Governor of Delaware in 1952, defeating incumbent Democratic Governor Elbert N. Carvel, and won a second term in 1956, defeating Democrat J. H. Tyler McConnell. He served as governor from January 20, 1953, to December 30, 1960, when he resigned because of his upcoming U.S. Senate term. On April 2, 1958, he signed the bill that ended capital punishment in Delaware.[1]

United States Senator

Boggs was elected to the U.S. Senate in 1960, defeating incumbent Democratic U.S. Senator J. Allen Frear, Jr. by 1.4 percentage points, and becoming the only Republican to defeat an incumbent Democratic U.S. Senator that year. He was again elected to the U.S. Senate in 1966, defeating Democrat James M. Tunnell, Jr., son of the former U.S. Senator. He served two terms from January 3, 1961, to January 3, 1973. Boggs voted in favor of the Civil Rights Acts of 1964 and 1968,[2][3] as well as the 24th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution,[4] the Voting Rights Act of 1965,[5] and the confirmation of Thurgood Marshall to the U.S. Supreme Court.[6]

Boggs lost his bid for a third term in 1972 to Democrat Joe Biden, then a New Castle County Councilman. Boggs was a reluctant candidate that year, being persuaded to run only to help avoid a divisive primary election.[7] Biden waged an energetic campaign, questioning Boggs's age and ability, and went on to defeat Boggs by approximately 1.4 percentage points.[8] In his last years, Boggs lived in Wilmington, Delaware, where he continued the practice of law.

Death and legacy

Boggs died at Wilmington and is buried in the Old Presbyterian Cemetery in Dover, on the grounds of the Delaware State Museum. The J. Caleb Boggs Federal Building at 844 King Street in Wilmington, Delaware is named for him.

Among the many tributes received by his fellow senators was the following from U.S. Senator Robert Byrd of West Virginia:

On an objective, senatorial level, Senator Boggs was a militant, but rational environmentalist. A co-sponsor of the National Air Quality Standards Act of 1970, Senator Boggs helped to win congressional approval of this bill, which was signed into law by President Nixon. Further, Cale Boggs was a co-sponsor and helped to write the Water Quality Act of 1965. In 1970, Senator Boggs helped to strengthen State authority to prohibit sewage and pesticide discharge into rivers and lakes and to provide for coordinated Federal attacks on river and lake pollution in the Water Quality Act of 1970. Through these and other vital contributions in education, medicine, agriculture, transportation, and other domestic concerns, Senator Boggs left an enviable record of legislation aimed at improving the quality of life of all Americans and at widening opportunities for all of our citizens. But, above all, Cale Boggs will probably be best remembered by his friends still serving in the Senate and by the people of Delaware as a friend, a man of warm humanity, and as a gentleman who sought ever to set people at ease through his common touch and deep consideration of other people's feelings. Cale Boggs was a man whose friendship one easily sought and, once secured, was long treasured.

Delaware General Assembly (sessions while Governor)
Year	Assembly		Senate Majority	President pro tempore		House Majority	Speaker
1953–1954	117th		Republican	Thomas L. Johnson		Republican	Frank A. Jones
1955–1956	118th		Democratic	Charles G. Moore		Democratic	James R. Quigley
1957–1958	119th		Democratic	Lemuel Hickman		Democratic	Harry E. Mayhew
1959–1960	120th		Democratic	Allen J. Cook		Democratic	Sherman W. Tribbitt

Almanac

Elections are held the first Tuesday after November 1. The governor takes office the third Tuesday of January and has four-year terms. U.S. Representatives take office January 3 and have a two-year term. U.S. Senators are popularly elected and also take office January 3, but have a six-year term.

Public Offices
Office	Type	Location	Term began	Term ended	notes
U.S. Representative	Legislature	Washington	January 3, 1947	January 3, 1949
U.S. Representative	Legislature	Washington	January 3, 1949	January 3, 1951
U.S. Representative	Legislature	Washington	January 3, 1951	January 3, 1953
Governor	Executive	Dover	January 20, 1953	January 15, 1957
Governor	Executive	Dover	January 15, 1957	December 30, 1960	resigned
U.S. Senator	Legislative	Washington	January 3, 1961	January 3, 1967
U.S. Senator	Legislative	Washington	January 3, 1967	January 3, 1973

United States Congressional service
Dates	Congress	Chamber	Majority	President	Committees	Class/District
1947–1948	80th	U.S. House	Republican	Harry S. Truman		at-large
1949–1950	81st	U.S. House	Democratic	Harry S. Truman		at-large
1951–1952	82nd	U.S. House	Democratic	Harry S. Truman		at-large
1961–1962	87th	U.S. Senate	Democratic	John F. Kennedy		class 2
1963–1964	88th	U.S. Senate	Democratic	John F. Kennedy Lyndon B. Johnson		class 2
1965–1966	89th	U.S. Senate	Democratic	Lyndon B. Johnson		class 2
1967–1968	90th	U.S. Senate	Democratic	Lyndon B. Johnson		class 2
1969–1970	91st	U.S. Senate	Democratic	Richard M. Nixon		class 2
1971–1972	92nd	U.S. Senate	Democratic	Richard M. Nixon		class 2

Election results
Year	Office		Subject	Party	Votes	%		Opponent	Party	Votes	%
1946	U.S. Representative		J. Caleb Boggs	Republican	63,516	56%		Philip A. Traynor	Democratic	49,105	44%
1948	U.S. Representative		J. Caleb Boggs	Republican	71,127	51%		J. Carl McGuigan	Democratic	68,909	49%
1950	U.S. Representative		J. Caleb Boggs	Republican	73,313	57%		Henry M. Winchester	Democratic	56,091	43%
1952	Governor		J. Caleb Boggs	Republican	88,977	52%		Elbert N. Carvel	Democratic	81,772	48%
1956	Governor		J. Caleb Boggs	Republican	91,965	52%		J. H. Tyler McConnell	Democratic	85,047	48%
1960	U.S. Senator		J. Caleb Boggs	Republican	98,874	51%		J. Allen Frear, Jr.	Democratic	96,090	49%
1966	U.S. Senator		J. Caleb Boggs	Republican	97,268	59%		James M. Tunnell, Jr.	Democratic	67,263	41%
1972	U.S. Senator		J. Caleb Boggs	Republican	112,844	49%		Joe Biden	Democratic	116,006	50%

References

1. "Answers to Questions". The Reading Eagle. March 9, 1959. p. 8. Retrieved May 31, 2020.
2. "HR. 7152. PASSAGE. -- Senate Vote #409 -- Jun 19, 1964". GovTrack.us.
3. "TO PASS H.R. 2516, A BILL TO PROHIBIT DISCRIMINATION IN ... -- Senate Vote #346 -- Mar 11, 1968". GovTrack.us.
4. "S.J. RES. 29. APPROVAL OF RESOLUTION BANNING THE POLL TAX AS PREREQUISITE FOR VOTING IN FEDERAL ELECTIONS". GovTrack.us.
5. "TO PASS S. 1564, THE VOTING RIGHTS ACT OF 1965".
6. "CONFIRMATION OF NOMINATION OF THURGOOD MARSHALL, THE FIRST NEGRO APPOINTED TO THE SUPREME COURT". GovTrack.us.
7. "Death and the All-American Boy | Washingtonian (DC)". Washingtonian. 1974-06-01. Retrieved 2019-06-16.
8. Erickson, Bo (June 4, 2019). "When a young Joe Biden used his opponent's age against him". CBS News.

Bibliography

• Davis, Ned (2000). Charles L. Terry. Wilmington, Delaware: Delaware Heritage Press. LCCN 00133337. OCLC 47186751.
• Hoffecker, Carol E. (2000). Honest John Williams. Newark, Delaware: University of Delaware Press.
• Hoffecker, Carol E. (2004). Democracy in Delaware. Wilmington, Delaware: Cedar Tree Books. ISBN 1-892142-23-6.
• Martin, Roger A. (1984). History of Delaware Through its Governors. Wilmington, Delaware: McClafferty Press.
• Martin, Roger (1997). Elbert N. Carvel. Wilmington, Delaware: Delaware Heritage Press. ISBN 0-924117-08-7.
• Munroe, John A. (1993). History of Delaware. Newark, Delaware: University of Delaware Press. ISBN 0-87413-493-5.

Images

• Hall of Governors Portrait Gallery; Portrait courtesy of Historical and Cultural Affairs, Dover.

External links

• Biographical Directory of the Governors of the United States
• Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
• Delaware's Governors
• Find a Grave
• The Political Graveyard

U.S. House of Representatives
Preceded by Philip A. Traynor	Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Delaware's at-large congressional district 1947–1953	Succeeded by Herbert B. Warburton
Party political offices
Preceded by Hyland George	Republican nominee for Governor of Delaware 1952, 1956	Succeeded by John W. Rollins
Preceded by Herbert B. Warburton	Republican nominee for U.S. Senator from Delaware (Class 2) 1960, 1966, 1972	Succeeded by James H. Baxter Jr.
Political offices
Preceded by Elbert N. Carvel	Governor of Delaware 1953–1960	Succeeded by David P. Buckson
Preceded by LeRoy Collins	Chair of the National Governors Association 1959–1960	Succeeded by Stephen McNichols
U.S. Senate
Preceded by J. Allen Frear Jr.	U.S. Senator (Class 2) from Delaware 1961–1973 Served alongside: John Williams, William V. Roth Jr.	Succeeded by Joe Biden