Iraq Burin

Iraq Burin is a Palestinian village in the Nablus Governorate.

Iraq Burin
Municipality type D (Village council)
Arabic transcription(s)
 • Arabicعراق بورن
Iraq Burin
Iraq Burin
Location of Iraq Burin within Palestine
Coordinates: 32°12′05″N 35°14′20″E
Palestine grid172/178
StateState of Palestine
GovernorateNablus
Government
 • TypeVillage council
Name meaningEl ’Arâk, the cliff, bank, or shore[1]

History

A tomb on the flanks of the village, to the north side, contained Late Bronze II and IA I pieces.[2]

Remains from the Iron Age I (1200-1100 BCE) have been found here.[3]

The road leading to the village have revealed parts of a mosaic floor, which might have belonged to a shrine from the Byzantine era.[4]

Ottoman era

In 1838, in the Ottoman era, the village, called el Arak, was noted located in the Jurat Amra district, south of Nablus,[5] and was inhabited by Muslims.[6]

In 1870 Victor Guérin noted it located north-east of Tell, "perched like an eagle's nest on the summit of a very steep rocky hill."[7]

In 1882 the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) noted that Arak "is named from the cliff on which it stands, on a spur of Gerizim; it is of moderate size and built of stone, with two springs beneath in the valley, one north, one south; olives are grown on the hill facing the village towards the north."[8]

British Mandate era

In the 1922 census of Palestine, conducted by the British Mandate authorities, Iraq Burin had 81 Muslim inhabitants,[9] decreasing in the 1931 census to 62, still all Muslim, in a total of 16 houses.[10]

In the 1945 statistics, Iraq Burin was counted with Burin, and together they had a population of 1,200, all Muslims,[11] with 19,096 dunams of land, according to an official land and population survey.[12] Of this, 1,797 dunams were plantations and irrigable land, 8,741 used for cereals,[13] while 106 dunams were built-up (urban) land.[14]

Jordanian era

In the wake of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and after the 1949 Armistice Agreements, Iraq Burin came under Jordanian rule.

Post-1967
Demonstration in Iraq Burin

Since the Six-Day War in 1967, Iraq Burin has been under Israeli occupation.

In 2009, the Israeli settlement of Har Brakha took control of 30 dunams of village land, west of the village, which formerly were used for grapes and almonds. In total, Israel has confiscated 291 dunams of land from Iraq Burin in order to construct Har Brakha, in addition to land taken from Burin and Kafr Qallil.[15]

In March, 2010, two brothers of the village, Mohammed and Osaid Qadus, 16 and 18 years old, were shot dead by Israeli soldiers, in an incident which the IDF said happened because the Israeli troops were "ill-prepared for missions."[16][17][18]

In January, 2011, 19 year old Oday Maher Hamza Qadous was shot dead by an Israeli settler from Har Brakha. The villagers said Qadous was farming in the village fields when he was shot, while the settlers said he was throwing stones.[19][20]

gollark: Anyway, a hypothetical ABR reminder implementation would preferably not do the R. Danny thing and instead have a queueueueueueueueueueuuueueuueueuueueuueueueue of soon to occur reminders.
gollark: Oh, I remember now, your PR was to the decoy codebase.
gollark: Sounds wrong. Anyway, it seems fine; I'll test and merge shortly.
gollark: Oh, another one? You didn't tell me about it.
gollark: Correction: R. Danny sets up a background task for each reminder due soon™, and also has a loop thing for longer running reminders which does what I said.

References
  1. Palmer, 1881, p. 179
  2. Bull and Campbell, 1968, p. 38; cited in Miller, 2003, p. 166
  3. Jaroš and Deckert, 1977, pp. 24, 33; cited in Miller, 2003, p. 166
  4. Bull and Campbell, 1968, p. 38
  5. Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol. 3, 2nd Appendix, p. 127
  6. Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol. 3, 2nd Appendix, p. 126
  7. Guerin, 1875, p. 178
  8. Conder and Kitchener, 1883, SWP III, p. 162
  9. Barron, 1923, Table IX, Sub-district of Nablus, p. 24
  10. Mills, 1932, p. 62
  11. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics, 1945, p. 18
  12. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 59
  13. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 105
  14. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 155
  15. The Expansion of the Colony of Brakha at the Expense of Iraq Burin Lands, October 1, 2009, POICA
  16. Two more Palestinian youths shot dead by Israelis in bloody weekend, 22 March 2010, The Independent
  17. Rebuke given to Israeli soldiers in West Bank deaths, 27 April 2010, BBC
  18. '4 Palestinians' death could have been avoided', 04.26.10, Ynet
  19. ‘Palestinian teen was shot dead after throwing rocks’, January 28, 2011, Jerusalem Post
  20. Two Palestinians shot by settlers in 24 hours, January 27, 2011, +972 Magazine

Bibliography
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