I Feel Fine

"I Feel Fine" is a song written by John Lennon[4] (credited to Lennon–McCartney) and released in 1964 by the English rock band the Beatles as the A-side of their eighth British single. The song has one of the earliest uses of guitar feedback in popular music.[5]

"I Feel Fine"
Single by the Beatles
B-side	"She's a Woman"
Released	23 November 1964 (1964-11-23) (US) 27 November 1964 (UK)
Recorded	18 October 1964
Studio	EMI, London[1]
Genre	Rock[2] pop rock[3] R&B[3]
Length	2:25
Label	Capitol (US) Parlophone (UK)
Songwriter(s)	Lennon–McCartney
Producer(s)	George Martin
The Beatles US singles chronology
"Matchbox" (1964) "I Feel Fine" (1964) "Eight Days a Week" (1965)
The Beatles UK singles chronology
"A Hard Day's Night" (1964) "I Feel Fine" (1964) "Ticket to Ride" (1965)
Music video
"I Feel Fine" on YouTube

Origin

Lennon wrote the guitar riff while in the studio recording "Eight Days a Week".[6] "I wrote 'I Feel Fine' around that riff going on in the background", he recalled.[7] "I told them I'd write a song specially for the riff. So they said, 'Yes. You go away and do that', knowing that we'd almost finished the album Beatles for Sale. Anyway, going into the studio one morning, I said to Ringo, 'I've written this song but it's lousy'. But we tried it, complete with riff, and it sounded like an A-side, so we decided to release it just like that."[7] Both John Lennon and George Harrison said that the riff was influenced by a riff in "Watch Your Step", a 1961 release written and performed by Bobby Parker[7] and covered by the Beatles in concerts during 1961 and 1962.[8] Paul McCartney said the drums on "I Feel Fine" were inspired by Ray Charles's 1959 single "What'd I Say".[4]

At the time of the song's recording, the Beatles, having mastered the studio basics, had begun to explore new sources of inspiration in noises previously eliminated as mistakes (such as electronic goofs, twisted tapes, and talkback). "I Feel Fine" marks one of the earliest examples of the use of feedback as a recording effect in popular music. Artists such as the Kinks and the Who had already used feedback live, but Lennon remained proud of the fact that the Beatles were perhaps the first group to deliberately put it on vinyl.

Structure

"I Feel Fine" is written in ⁴
₄ time with drummer Ringo Starr's R&B-influenced beat (based on the "Latin" drumming in Ray Charles's hit "What'd I Say") featured through most of the song except for the bridge, which has a more conventional backbeat. After a brief note of heavy feedback (see below), the intro begins with a distinctive arpeggiated riff which starts in D major before quickly progressing to C major and then G major, at which point the vocals begin in G. The melody, unusually, uses a major third and a minor seventh, and has been classified as Mixolydian mode. Just before the coda, Lennon's intro riff (or ostinato) is repeated with a bright sound by George Harrison on electric guitar (a Gretsch Tennessean).[9] The song ends with a fadeout of the G major portion of the opening riff repeated several times.

Audio feedback

"I Feel Fine" starts with a single, percussive feedback note produced by McCartney plucking the A string on his bass, and Lennon's guitar, which was leaning against McCartney's bass amp, picking up feedback. This was the first use of feedback on a rock record. According to McCartney, "John had a semi-acoustic Gibson guitar. It had a pickup on it so it could be amplified ... We were just about to walk away to listen to a take when John leaned his guitar against the amp. I can still see him doing it … it went, 'Nnnnnnwahhhhh!' And we went, 'What's that? Voodoo!' 'No, it's feedback.' 'Wow, it's a great sound!' George Martin was there so we said, 'Can we have that on the record?' 'Well, I suppose we could, we could edit it on the front.' It was a found object, an accident caused by leaning the guitar against the amp."[4] Although it sounded very much like an electric guitar, Lennon actually played the riff on an acoustic-electric guitar (a Gibson model J-160E),[9] employing the guitar's onboard pickup.

Later, Lennon was very proud of this sonic experimentation. In one of his last interviews, he said: "I defy anybody to find a record – unless it's some old blues record in 1922 – that uses feedback that way."[10]

Promotional film

Two different promotional films directed by Joe McGrath were filmed on 23 November 1965. Both feature various bits of gym equipment. In the first, George sang into a punch-ball while Ringo pedalled on an exercise bike. The second marked the only time a lunch break was filmed, where they all ate fish and chips while trying to mime to the song. Epstein was adamant that this film could not be used. From then on, the controversial "fish and chips" footage was kept in a 2" videotape box labelled "I Feel Fried". The first promotional films was included in the Beatles' 2015 video compilation 1, and both films were included in the three-disc versions of the compilation, titled 1+.[11]

Charts

"I Feel Fine" was the first Beatles single to be released almost concurrently in the US and the UK. The single reached the top of the British charts on 12 December 1964, displacing the Rolling Stones' "Little Red Rooster", and remained there for five weeks. In Canada, the song also reached number one.[12]

The song topped the US Billboard Hot 100 chart for three weeks in late 1964 and early 1965. Cash Box magazine ranked "I Feel Fine" as the 19th biggest US hit of 1965.[13] The B-side was the number-four hit "She's a Woman". "I Feel Fine" was the sixth single by the Beatles to hit number one on the Billboard Hot 100 in a calendar year (1964), an all-time record. In order, these singles were "I Want to Hold Your Hand", "She Loves You", "Can't Buy Me Love", "Love Me Do", "A Hard Day's Night" and "I Feel Fine". For songwriters Lennon and McCartney, it was the seventh number-one they wrote in the same calendar year, which was another all-time record. The song was the first of six Hot 100 number one chart-toppers in a row (not counting the EP 4 – by the Beatles) by one act, also a record at the time. The subsequent singles were "Eight Days a Week", "Ticket to Ride", "Help!", "Yesterday" and "We Can Work It Out".[14]

By 2012, "I Feel Fine" had sold 1.41 million copies in the UK.[15] As of December 2018, it was the 53rd best-selling single of all time there – one of six Beatles songs included on the top sales rankings published by the UK's Official Charts Company.[16]

Other releases

In the United States, the song was released on the Capitol album Beatles '65. The stereo version of the LP presented a duophonic (mock stereo) mix featuring a layer of reverb added by executive Dave Dexter Jr.. The mono version – also released as a single on Capitol – features an exclusive mix with added reverb and a shorter fade as created by Beatles producer George Martin. Both versions were released on CD in 2004 as part of The Capitol Albums, Volume 1 boxed set compilation.

In the United Kingdom, the song was released on the LP format on A Collection of Beatles Oldies. A true stereo version can be found on the Past Masters Volume 1 and 1 CDs.

There is also another stereo version (virtually identical to the standard stereo mix) wherein whispering can be heard at the beginning of the track. This "whispering version" appears on the non-US release of 1962–1966, as well as on occasional single re-releases.

An outtake in mono is included in the On Air – Live at the BBC Volume 2 compilation released in 2013.

Personnel

• John Lennon – double tracked lead vocal, lead and rhythm guitar
• Paul McCartney – harmony vocal, bass guitar
• George Harrison – harmony vocal, lead/rhythm guitar
• Ringo Starr – drums

Personnel per Ian MacDonald[17]

Cover versions

• In 1965, The Ventures included a cover of the song on their LP Knock Me Out.
• In 1966, Chet Atkins released an instrumental cover on his album Chet Atkins Picks on the Beatles.
• In 1967, Alma Cogan released a version on her album Alma.
• In 1970, Penny DeHaven released a Country version on a single only.
• In 1988, country duo Sweethearts of the Rodeo released a cover of the song that reached the top-ten on the US country singles chart.[18]
• In 2019, Dog Party covered "I Feel Fine" and "All I've Got to Do".

Sampling

The song's opening riff is sampled [at 1:48] in Sugarloaf's 1975 hit, "Don't Call Us, We'll Call You."

Charts and certifications

Weekly charts Chart (1964–65) Peak position Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40)[19] 3 Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders)[20] 3 Canada Top Singles (RPM)[21] 1 Ireland (IRMA)[22] 1 Netherlands (Single Top 100)[23] 1 New Zealand (Lever Hit Parade)[24] 1 Norway (VG-lista)[25] 1 Swedish Kvällstoppen Chart[26] 1 UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[27] 1 US Billboard Hot 100[28] 1 US Cash Box Top 100[29] 1 West German Media Control Singles Chart[30] 3

Year-end charts Chart (1964) Rank UK Singles (OCC)[31] 21 Chart (1965) Rank UK Singles (OCC)[32] 39 US Cash Box[33] 19 Certifications Region Certification Certified units/sales United States (RIAA)[34] Gold 1,000,000^^ ^*sales figures based on certification alone ^^shipments figures based on certification alone

Notes

1. "1" Liner Notes by Mark Lewisohn
2. Unterberger, Richie. "I Feel Fine" at AllMusic. Retrieved 3 February 2017.
3. Terence J. O'Grady (1 May 1983). The Beatles: A Musical Evolution. Twayne Publishers. p. 56. ISBN 978-0-8057-9453-3. Both "I Feel Fine" and "She's a Woman" are heavily rhythm and blues influenced pop-rock songs.
4. Miles 1997, p. 172.
5. Beatles Interview Database 2009.
6. MacDonald 2005, p. 36.
7. The Beatles, p. 160.
8. Shaheen J. Dibai, "Bobby Parker: The Real Fifth Beatle?", One Note Ahead, 29 March 2007. Retrieved 2 November 2013
9. Babiuk 2002, p. 146–147.
10. Sheff, David (2000). All We Are Saying. New York, New York: St. Martin's Press. p. 173. ISBN 0-312-25464-4.
11. Rowe, Matt (18 September 2015). "The Beatles 1 To Be Reissued With New Audio Remixes... And Videos". The Morton Report. Retrieved 9 January 2016.
12. http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/obj/028020/f2/nlc008388.5603.pdf
13. "Top 100 Singles". Retrieved 2 February 2016.
14. Wallgren 1982, pp. 38–45.
15. Sedghi, Ami (4 November 2012). "UK's million-selling singles: the full list". The Guardian. Retrieved 4 November 2012.
16. Myers, Justin (14 December 2018). "The best-selling singles of all time on the Official UK Chart". Official Charts Company. Retrieved 26 January 2019.
17. MacDonald 2005, p. 136.
18. "Sweethearts of the Rodeo chart history". billboard.com.
19. "Austriancharts.at – The Beatles – I Feel Fine" (in German). Ö3 Austria Top 40.
20. "Ultratop.be – The Beatles – I Feel Fine" (in Dutch). Ultratop 50.
21. "Top RPM Singles: Issue 5603." RPM. Library and Archives Canada.
22. "The Irish Charts – Search Results – I Feel Fine". Irish Singles Chart. Retrieved 16 May 2016.
23. "Dutchcharts.nl – The Beatles – I Feel Fine" (in Dutch). Single Top 100.
24. "Lever hit parades: 24-Dec-1964". Flavour of New Zealand.
25. "Norwegiancharts.com – The Beatles – I Feel Fine". VG-lista.
26. "Swedish Charts 1962 – March 1966/Kvällstoppen – Listresultaten vecka för vecka > December 1964" (PDF) (in Swedish). hitsallertijden.nl. Retrieved 27 June 2018.
27. "Beatles: Artist Chart History". Official Charts Company.
28. "The Beatles Chart History (Hot 100)". Billboard.
29. Hoffmann, Frank (1983). The Cash Box Singles Charts, 1950-1981. Metuchen, NJ & London: The Scarecrow Press, Inc. pp. 32–34.
30. "Offizielle Deutsche Charts" (Enter "Beatles" in the search box) (in German). GfK Entertainment Charts. Retrieved 16 May 2016.
31. "The 100 best-selling singles of 1964 [in the U.K.]". sixtiescity.net. Retrieved 11 July 2020.
32. "The 100 best-selling singles of 1965 [in the U.K.]". sixtiescity.net. Retrieved 11 July 2020.
33. "Cash Box Year-End Charts: Top 100 Pop Singles, December 25, 1965". Archived from the original on 1 June 2015. Retrieved 11 July 2020.
34. "American single certifications – The Beatles – I Feel Fine". Recording Industry Association of America. Retrieved 14 May 2016. If necessary, click Advanced, then click Format, then select Single, then click SEARCH. 

References

• Babiuk, Andy (2002). Beatles Gear: All the Fab Four's Instruments, from Stage to Studio (Revised ed.). San Francisco: Backbeat Books. ISBN 0-87930-731-5.
• The Beatles (2000). The Beatles Anthology. San Francisco: Chronicle Books. ISBN 0-8118-2684-8.
• "Beatles For Sale". Beatles Interview Database. Retrieved 8 November 2009.
• MacDonald, Ian (2005). Revolution in the Head: The Beatles' Records and the Sixties (Second Revised ed.). London: Pimlico (Rand). ISBN 1-84413-828-3.
• Miles, Barry (1997). Paul McCartney: Many Years From Now. New York: Henry Holt and Company. ISBN 0-8050-5249-6.
• "RIAA Gold & Platinum Searchable Database – The Beatles Gold Singles". Recording Industry Association of America. Retrieved 20 July 2009.
• Wallgren, Mark (1982). The Beatles on Record. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 0-671-45682-2.
• Whitburn, Joel (2004). The Billboard Book Of Top 40 Country Hits: 1944–2006, Second edition. Record Research. p. 341.}

Further reading

• Emerick, Geoff; Massey, Howard (2006). Here, There and Everywhere: My Life Recording the Music of the Beatles. New York: Penguin Books. ISBN 1-59240-179-1.
• Hal Leonard Publishing Corporation, ed. (1993). The Beatles – Complete Scores. Milwaukee: Hal Leonard Corporation. ISBN 0-7935-1832-6.