Herstmonceux

Herstmonceux (/ˌhɜːrsmənˈzuː/ HURSS-mən-ZOO, /-ˈsuː/ -⁠SOO)[3] is a village and civil parish in the Wealden District of East Sussex, England, which includes Herstmonceux Castle.

Herstmonceux
Village

The windmill
Herstmonceux
Location within East Sussex
Area24.7 km2 (9.5 sq mi) [1]
Population2,613 (2011)[2]
• Density273/sq mi (105/km2)
OS grid referenceTQ635125
• London45 miles (72 km) N
District
Shire county
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townHAILSHAM
Postcode districtBN27
Dialling code01323
PoliceSussex
FireEast Sussex
AmbulanceSouth East Coast
UK Parliament
WebsiteHerstmonceux Parish

History

The name comes from Anglo-Saxon hyrst, "wooded hill", plus the name of the Monceux family who were lords of the manor in the 12th century. In 1086, the manor, simply called Herste, was in the ancient hundred of Foxearle.[4]

Sport

In 1677, Thomas Lennard, 1st Earl of Sussex was paid £3 when he went to a cricket match played at "ye Dicker", a common near Herstmonceux, one of the earliest references to the sport.[5]

Governance

The parish council consists of eleven elected members. An electoral ward of the same name exists. This ward had a population at the 2011 census of 2,852.[6]

Geography

The village (previously called Gardner Street) is part of the larger Herstmonceux civil parish, which includes Cowbeech and the hamlets of Foul Mile, Trolliloes, Cowbeech Hill, Stunts Green, Ginger's Green, Flowers Green and part of Windmill Hill. Cowbeech village is north-west of the parish. Eastbourne is 7 miles south-west of the village, and Brighton and Hove 21 miles west-south-west.

Landmarks
Herstmonceux Castle
Former Royal Greenwich Observatory.

Herstmonceux Castle 2 miles (3.2 km) south-east of the village is a former site of the Royal Greenwich Observatory. It is now home to the Bader International Study Centre of Queen's University, Kingston, Canada, and the area therefore enjoys an influx of Canadian and other international students each school year. The castle grounds are also home to the Observatory Science Centre, which is operated by Science Projects Limited, and the Herstmonceux Mediaeval Festival.[7] Buckwell Place was the seat of the Hare family.

There are two Sites of Special Scientific Interest within the parish. Herstmonceux Park is of importance because of its wetland habitat and fen vegetation. It is the only known location of Milk Parsley (Peucedanum palustre) in the south-east.[8] The second site, Pevensey Levels, lies partially in the parish. The site is of biological interest consisting of low-lying grazing meadows, hosting a wide variety of wetland flora and fauna.[9]

Education

Education is provided at Herstmonceux CE Primary School.[10]

Religion
Main article: List of current places of worship in Wealden

All Saints (Church of England) parish church,[11] with its 12th century west tower and 13th/14th century nave, overlooks the Castle. Herstmonceux Congregational Church, just outside the village on the way to the castle, was erected in 1811 and is now a listed building.

Economy

The Herstmonceux area is famous for the making of trugs – baskets made from split willow boards set in an ash or chestnut frame. A number of local people continue this tradition. There are also a number of local B&Bs which provide lodgings for tourists staying in the area due to its rural nature but close proximity to London, Brighton and other coastal towns and cities.

Leisure

The Herstmonceux Medieval Festival is held annually in August.[12]

Twinning

The village is twinned with Varengeville-sur-Mer, in Normandy, France.[13]

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References
  1. "East Sussex in Figures". East Sussex County Council. Retrieved 26 April 2008.
  2. "Civil Parish 2011". Retrieved 11 October 2015.
  3. Roach & Hartman, eds (1997) English Pronouncing Dictionary, 15th edition. (Cambridge University Press). p. 234
  4. Open Domesday Online: Herste, accessed May 2017.
  5. McCann T (2004) Sussex Cricket in the Eighteenth Century, pp.xl. Sussex Record Society.
  6. "Ward population 2011". Retrieved 11 October 2015.
  7. "WELCOME - THE OBSERVATORY SCIENCE CENTRE".
  8. "Herstmonceux Park SSSI". Natural England. Retrieved 13 March 2019.
  9. "Pevensey Levels SSSI". Natural England. Retrieved 13 March 2019.
  10. Primary school
  11. "Herstmonceux Parish Home Page".
  12. "England's Medieval Festival - Herstmonceux Castle 29th, 30th and 31st August 2015".
  13. "Herstmonceux Parish Home Page".
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