Humayun Ahmed

Humayun Ahmed ([ɦumaijun aɦmed]; 13 November 1948 – 19 July 2012)[3][4] was a Bangladeshi novelist, dramatist, screenwriter, filmmaker, songwriter, scholar, and lecturer.[5] His breakthrough was his debut novel Nondito Noroke published in 1972.[6] He wrote over 200 fiction and non-fiction books, many of which were bestsellers in Bangladesh.[7][8] His books were the top sellers at the Ekushey Book Fair during the 1990s and 2000s.[9] He won the Bangla Academy Literary Award in 1981 and the Ekushey Padak in 1994 for his contribution to Bengali literature.

Humayun Ahmed
Ahmed in 2010
Native name
হুমায়ূন আহমেদ
Born(1948-11-13)13 November 1948[1]
Kutubpur village, Mymensingh District (Present Day Netrokona District), East Bengal, Dominion of Pakistan
Died19 July 2012(2012-07-19) (aged 63)
New York City, United States
Resting placeNuhash Polli, Pirujali, Gazipur, Bangladesh[2]
OccupationWriter, poet, film director, academic, dramatist
NationalityBangladeshi
EducationPhD (polymer chemistry)
Alma materDhaka College
University of Dhaka
North Dakota State University
Notable awardsBangla Academy Literary Award
Ekushey Padak
Years active1972–2012
Spouse
Children
  • Nova
  • Shila
  • Bipasha
  • Nuhash
  • Nishad
  • Ninit
Relatives
Signature

In the early 1990s, Ahmed emerged as a filmmaker. He went on to make a total of eight films - each based on his own novels. He received six Bangladesh National Film Awards in different categories for the films Daruchini Dip, Aguner Poroshmoni and Ghetuputra Komola. He has his own production company named Nuhash Chalachitra.

Early life and background

Ahmed was born on 13 November 1948 in Kutubpur village in the then Netrokona Mahakuma[note 1] under Mymensingh District, East Bengal, Dominion of Pakistan (now in Kendua Upazila, Netrokona District, Bangladesh).[10][3][11] His mother, Ayesha Foyez (née Khatun) (1930–2014), was a homemaker.[12] His father, Foyzur Rahman Ahmed (1921–1971), was a sub-divisional police officer in Pirojpur District and was killed in 1971 during the Bangladesh Liberation War.[13] In 2011, politician Delwar Hossain Sayeedi was put on trial for the killing but was acquitted of the charge in 2013 due to a lack of evidence.[14][15] Humayun's brother, Muhammad Zafar Iqbal, is a writer and academician. Another brother, Ahsan Habib, is a cartoonist. He had three sisters – Sufia Haider, Momtaz Shahid and Rukhsana Ahmed.[16]

During his childhood, Ahmed lived in Sylhet, Comilla, Chittagong, Bogra, Dinajpur and Panchagarh where his father was on official assignment.[11]

Education and early career

Ahmed studied in Chittagong Collegiate School.[17] He passed the SSC examination from Bogra Zilla School in 1965.[11] He then graduated from Dhaka College and earned his bachelor's and master's in chemistry from the University of Dhaka.[11] He joined as a faculty member of the same university.[11] Later he earned his PhD in polymer chemistry from North Dakota State University.[11]

Works

Novels

Ahmed wrote his debut novel Nondito Noroke (In Blissful Hell) during the 1971 Bangladesh independence war while he was a university student.[18][19] The novel was published in 1972 by the initiative of writer Ahmed Sofa under Khan Brother's Publishers.[20][21] From his very first novel, his themes included the aspirations of average middle-class urban families and portrayed quintessential moments of their lives.[22] His second novel was Shonkhonil Karagar.[23]

Ahmed wrote fictional series featuring recurring characters such as Himu (21 novels), Misir Ali (20 novels), Shuvro (6 novels)[23][24][25] Recurring characters in dramas directed and screenplayed by him are Tara Tin Jon and Alauddiner Cherager Doitto. He wrote several novels based on the Bangladesh Liberation War – Aguner Poroshmoni, Paap, 1971 and Jochona O Jononir Golpo.[23] His also wrote many romantic novels including Srabon Megher Din, Badol Diner Prothom Kodom Phool, Noboni, Krishnopoksho, Aj Dupure Tomar Nimontran, and Tumi Amai Dekechhile Chhutir Nimontrane.[23]

Ahmed wrote autobiographies - Amar Chelebela, Ballpoint, Fountain Pen, Hiji-biji, Hotel Graver Inn, May Flower, Kath Pencil, Lilabotir Mrityu, New York-er Nil Akashe Jhokjhoke Rod and Rong Pencil.[26][27][28][29] His novel Gouripur Junction was translated in nine languages.[23]

Television and film

Ahmed's first television drama was Prothom Prohor (1983), directed by Nawazish Ali Khan.[30] His first drama serial was Ei Shob Din Ratri (1985). This was followed by the comedy series Bohubrihi (1988), the historical drama series Ayomoy (1988), the urban drama series Kothao Keu Nei (1990), Nokkhotrer Raat (1996), and Aaj Robibar (1999). In addition, he made single episode dramas, most notably Nimful (1997).[31]

Ahmed directed films based on his own stories. His first film, Aguner Poroshmoni (1994), based on the Bangladesh Liberation War, won the 19th Bangladesh National Film Awards in a total of eight categories, including the awards for the Best Film and the Best Director.[32][33] Another film Shyamal Chhaya (2005) was also based on the same war.[34] His last directed film, Ghetuputra Kamola (2012), the story of a teenage boy, was set in the British colonial period.[35]

Shyamol Chhaya and Ghetuputra Kamola were selected as the Bangladeshi entries for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film in 2006 and 2012 respectively, but were not nominated.[36][37]

In 2009, Ahmed appeared as one of two judges for the reality television music competition show Khudey Gaanraaj.[38]

Music

Ahmed composed around 40 songs which he used in his films and television dramas.[39] The songs were based on the folk music of the north-eastern part of Bangladesh.[39] His notable singles include "Lilabali Lilabali Ghoro Joubothi Shoi Go", "'Pubali Batashey", "Ekta Chhilo Shonar Konya", "O Amar Ural Ponkhi Rey", "Jodi Mon Kadey", "Ke Porailo Amar Chokh-e Kolonko Kajol", "Chadni Poshor Raite Ke Anay Shoron Kore", "Ami Aaj Bhejabo Chokh Somudrer Joley", "Cholona Brishtitey Bhiji", "Channi Poshor Raite Jeno Amar Moron Hoy", "Hablonger Bajarey Giya" and "Konya Nachilo Rey".[39] The songs were rendered by Subir Nandi, Selim Chowdhury, S I Tutul, Meher Afroz Shaon and others.[39]

Critical response

Nobel laureate economist Muhammad Yunus assessed Ahmed's overall impact saying: "Humayun's works are the most profound and most fruitful that literature has experienced since the time of Tagore and Nazrul."[40] Similarly, according to poet Al Mahmud, "one golden age of Bengali literature ended with Tagore and Nazrul and another began" with Ahmed.[40] Writer Imdadul Haq Milan considered him to be "the almighty lord of Bengali literature, controlling all their actions and thoughts".[40] Dawn, Pakistan's oldest and most widely read English-language newspaper, referred to him as the cultural legend of Bangladesh.[41] Times of India credited Humayun as "the person who single-handedly shifted the capital of Bengali literature from Kolkata to Dhaka".[40] Sunil Gangopadhyay described him as the most popular writer in the Bengali language for a century[42] and according to him, Ahmed was even more popular than Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay.[43] However, during his lifetime author Shahriar Kabir dismissed him for "always speaking for the establishment."[44] Literary critic Azfar Hussain said: "I am not surprised he talks like a pro-establishment writer. I find him ignorant."[44]

Controversy

On 11 May 2012, two chapters of Ahmed's future novel Deyal were published in the daily Prothom Alo.[45] 3 days later, Attorney General of Bangladesh Mahbubey Alam drew attention of the High Court on a discrepancy about a detail of the historical event of killing Sheikh Russel in Ahmed's writing.[46][45] The court later issued a suo moto rule and asked the authorities to provide Ahmed copies of relevant documents and judgements of the killing case, so that Ahmed could rectify the writing.[47][45]

Personal life

Ahmed married Gultekin Khan in 1976.[32][33][48] Together they had three daughters, Nova, Shila and Bipasha, and one son, Nuhash Humayun. Shila Ahmed went on to become a television and film actress and Nuhash became a writer, film director and producer.[49]He was one of the directors of Iti, Tomari Dhaka. Bipasha also acted as a supporting role in Nokkhotrer Raat and starred in Mayaboti. In 2003, Ahmed divorced Gultekin. He then married actress Meher Afroz Shaon in 2005. He had two sons from the second marriage, Nishad and Ninit.[50]

Death

Ahmed had open-heart surgery at Mount Elizabeth Hospital in Singapore.[51] A few years later, during a routine checkup, doctors found a cancerous tumor in his colon. On 14 September 2011, he was flown to Memorial Sloan–Kettering Cancer Center in New York City for treatment.[51] During his stay there, he wrote the novel, Deyal, based on the life of the first President of Bangladesh Sheikh Mujibur Rahman.[52] In January 2012, he was appointed as a senior special adviser of the Bangladesh Mission to the United Nations.[53]

On 12 May 2012, Ahmed returned to Bangladesh for two weeks.[54] He died on 19 July 2012 at 11:20 PM BST at Bellevue Hospital in New York City.[55] There was some tension in the family over the selection of his burial site, but eventually his estate, Nuhash Palli was selected.[2][56]

Nuhash Palli
Ahmed at Nuhash Palli (2010)

In 1987, Ahmed founded an estate, Nuhash Palli, named after his son Nuhash, near Pirujali village, 25 km from Gazipur City, in Gazipur District,[57] which grew to cover 40 bigha (approximately 14 acres).[58] He would spend much of his time at the estate when he was in Bangladesh. He formed a collection of statues there by local artist Asaduzzaman Khan and another of plants from around the world, particularly medicinal and fruit-bearing trees.[57]

Legacy

Exim Bank, a commercial bank and Anyadin, an entertainment magazine jointly introduced an award program, Humayun Ahmed Sahitya Puruskar, which would be conferred to two writers every year on Ahmed's birth anniversary – 12 November.[59]

Several cinematographic adaptations of Ahmed's stories are made after his death. Anil Bagchir Ekdin (2015), directed by Morshedul Islam, won six Bangladesh National Film Awards.[60] Krishnopokkho (2016) was directed by Meher Afroz Shaon.[61] In October 2016, she announced the production of her next film based on Nokkhotrer Raat.[62] Debi (2018) is produced by a grant from the Government of Bangladesh.[63][64]

Filmography
Year Film Director Screenwriter Notes
1992Shonkhonil KaragarYesBangladesh National Film Award for Best Story
1994Aguner PoroshmoniYesYes Bangladesh National Film Award for Best Film
Bangladesh National Film Award for Best Story
Bangladesh National Film Award for Best Dialogue
1999Srabon Megher DinYesYes Bachsas Awards for Best Lyrics
Bachsas Awards for Best Story
2000Dui DuariYesYes
2003ChandrokothaYesYes
2004Shyamol ChhayaYesYes Bangladeshi submission for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film
2006 DurottoYes
Nondito NorokeYes
NirontorYes
Noy Number Bipod SanketYesYes
2007 Daruchini DwipYesBangladesh National Film Award for Best Screenplay
SaajghorYes
2008Amar Ache JolYesYes
2009PriyotomeshuYes
2012Ghetuputra KomolaYesYes Bangladeshi submission for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film
Bangladesh National Film Award for Best Director
Bangladesh National Film Award for Best Screenplay
Meril Prothom Alo Awards - Best Film
Meril Prothom Alo Awards - Best Director
Meril Prothom Alo Awards - Best Screenplay

Bibliography
In Bengali
  • 1971[65]
  • Aaj Ami Kothao Jabo Naa [66]
  • Aaj Chitrar Biye[35]
  • Aaj Dupurey Tomar Nimontron[67]
  • Aaj Himur Biye[68]
  • Achinpur[69]
  • Adbhut Sob Golpo[70]
  • Ahok[71]
  • Aj Dupure Tomar Nimontran[23]
  • Akash Jora Megh
  • Amar Ache Jol
  • Amar Chelebela
  • Aguner Poroshmoni[72]
  • Amar Priyo Bhoutik Golpo
  • Ami Abong Koakti Projapoti
  • Ami Ebong Amra
  • Ami-ee Misir Ali
  • Andhokarer Gaan
  • Angul Kata Jaglu
  • Anonto Nakhotro Bithi
  • Anyodin
  • Aporahnyo
  • Ashabori
  • Asmanira Tin Bon
  • Ayna Ghor
  • Ayomoy
  • Badol Diner Prothom Kodom Phool[23]
  • Badol Diner Ditiyo Kadam Ful
  • Badshah Namdar[23]
  • Baghbondi Misir Ali
  • Ballpoint
  • Basor
  • Bhoy[73]
  • Bipod
  • Bohubrihi
  • Botol Bhoot
  • Brihonnola
  • Brishti Bilash[35]
  • Bristi O Meghomala
  • Chader Aloi Koikjon Jubok[35]
  • Chayabithi
  • Cheleta
  • Chokkhe Amar Trishna
  • Chole Jay Bosonter Din
  • Choto Golpo
  • Daruchini Dwip[74]
  • Debi[75]
  • Dekha Na Dekha
  • Dighir Jole Kaar Chayago
  • Ditiyo Manob
  • Doiroth
  • Dorjar Opashe
  • Dui Duari
  • Deyal[75]
  • Ebong Hemu
  • Ei Ami
  • Ei Megh Roudro Chaya
  • Ei Shubro Ei!
  • Eki Kando!
  • Ekjon Himu Koekti Jhin Jhin Poka
  • Ekjon Mayaboti
  • Ekattor Ebong Amar Baba[23]
  • Elebele
  • Ema
  • Epitaph
  • Fera[23]
  • Fiiha Somikoron
  • Fountain Pen[29]
  • Gouripur Jongshon
  • Grihotagi Jyotsna[23]
  • Hartan Ishkapon
  • Himu
  • Himu Ebong Ekti Russian Pori[29]
  • Himu Ebong Howard Ph.D Boltu Bhai
  • Himu Mama
  • Himu Remand-E
  • Himur Achhe Jol[76]
  • Himur Ditiyo Prohor
  • Himur Ekanto Sakkhatkar
  • Himur Hate Koekti Nilpodmo
  • Himur Maddyha Dupur[77]
  • Himur Rupali Ratri
  • Holud Himu, Kalo RAB[22]
  • Hotel Graver Inn
  • Humayun Ahmed-er Premer Golpo
  • Ireena
  • Ishtishon
  • Jalil Shaheber Petition
  • Jibonkrishno Memorial High School
  • Jochona O Jononir Golpo[23]
  • Jodiyo Sandhya
  • Jol Jochona
  • Jolpoddmo
  • Jonom Jonom[23]
  • Kalo Jadukor
  • Kathpencil
  • Ke Kotha Koy
  • Kichu Shoishob
  • Kichukkhan
  • Kobi
  • Kohen Kobi Kalidas
  • Kothao Keu Nei
  • Krishnopokkho[61]
  • JibonKrishnopur Memorial High School[23]
  • Kuhak
  • Kutu Mia
  • Lilaboti
  • Lilabotir Mrittu[23]
  • Lilua Batash
  • Magic Munshi
  • Manobi
  • Matal Hawa[23]
  • Mayurakkhi (1990)[78]
  • Mayurakkhir Tire Prothom Himu
  • Megh Boleche Jabo Jabo
  • Megher Chaya
  • Mirar Gramer Bari
  • Misir Ali Aapnii Kothay
  • Misir Alir Amimangsito Rahasya
  • Misir Alir Choshma
  • Misir Ali Unsolved[78]
  • Moddhanho[22]
  • Mojar Bhoot
  • Mrinmoyee
  • Mrinmoyir Mon Bhalo Nei
  • Nalini Babu BSc
  • Nee
  • Neel Hati
  • Neel Manush
  • Neel Oporajita
  • Neel Poddo
  • Nirbachito Bhooter Golpo
  • Nirbason
  • Nishad
  • Nishithini
  • Noboni[23]
  • Nokkhotrer Raat
  • Nondito Noroke
  • Omanush
  • Omega Point"
  • Onish
  • Onno Bhubon
  • Opekkha
  • Paap[23]
  • Pakhi Amar Ekla Pakhi
  • Parapar
  • Parul O Tinti Kukur
  • Poka
  • Priyotomeshu
  • Pufi
  • Putro Nishad
  • Putul
  • Rakkhoss Khokkhoss Ebong Bhokkhoss
  • Rodonbhora E Boshonto
  • Rupa[76]
  • Rupar Palanko
  • Sajghor
  • Sanaullar Mohabipod
  • Se Ashe Dhire
  • Se O Nortoki
  • Sedin Choitramas
  • Sheet O Onyanno Golpo[79]
  • Shonkhonil Karagar
  • Shunya
  • Shuvro
  • Shuvro Gechhe Bone
  • Shyamol Chaya
  • Sobai Gechhe Bone
  • Sokol Kata Dhonno Kore
  • Sourov
  • Tara Tin Jon
  • Tetul Bone Jochna
  • The Exorcist
  • Tithir Neel Toale
  • Tomader Jonyo Bhalobasa
  • Tomake
  • Tondra Bilash
  • Tumi Amai Dekechhile Chhutir Nimontrane[23]
  • Uralpankhi
  • Uthon Periye Dui Paa
  • Nabiji (incomplete)[80]
In English
  • 1971: A Novel[81]
  • In Blissfull Hell[82]
  • Gouripur Junction[83]

Awards
Ahmed signing books (2010)
gollark: _still wonders why some eggs are at 15V 1UV_
gollark: I'm an Atheist Satanist Fishist Hexicantilist myself.
gollark: Praise the Fish of Suns!
gollark: _has no CB golds and is at ~400 dragons_
gollark: Then diamondwing, red, magi, waterhorse.

References

Footnotes

  1. Current Netrokona district region was a mahakuma under Mymensingh District during 1882–1984.

Citations

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