Heterologous vaccine

A heterologous vaccine (also known as a "Jennerian" vaccine) is a type of live vaccine where one pathogen is introduced in order to provide protection against a different one. The vaccines are pathogens of other animals that either do not cause disease or cause mild disease in the organism being treated.

Examples include:

historically, Jenner's administration of cowpox (vaccinia) to protect against smallpox (variola);
the administration of BCG vaccine made from Mycobacterium bovis to protect against human tuberculosis.[1]

Like all live vaccines, it has the advantage that it replicates in the body, and therefore reduces the need for booster shots. It has the disadvantage that a potential pathogen is introduced into the body.

It can be combined with the attenuation strategy in vaccine design.[2]

References

Scott (April 2004). "Classifying Vaccines" (PDF). BioProcesses International: 14–23. Retrieved 2014-01-09.
Ho SY, Chua SQ, Foo DG, et al. (January 2008). "Highly attenuated Bordetella pertussis strain BPZE1 as a potential live vehicle for delivery of heterologous vaccine candidates". Infect. Immun. 76 (1): 111–9. doi:10.1128/IAI.00795-07. PMC 2223651. PMID 17954727.

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[1] Scott (April 2004). "Classifying Vaccines" (PDF). BioProcesses International: 14–23. Retrieved 2014-01-09.

[pmid17954727-2] Ho SY, Chua SQ, Foo DG, et al. (January 2008). "Highly attenuated Bordetella pertussis strain BPZE1 as a potential live vehicle for delivery of heterologous vaccine candidates". Infect. Immun. 76 (1): 111–9. doi:10.1128/IAI.00795-07. PMC 2223651. PMID 17954727.