Hallam Street

Hallam Street is a road situated in the Parish of St Marylebone and London’s West End. In administrative terms it lies within the City of Westminster's Marylebone High Street Ward as well as the Harley Street Conservation Area.[1] Formerly named both Charlotte Street and Duke Street,[2] it was renamed in the early 1900s after Henry Hallam (1777–1859), a noted historian who had been a local resident, and his son Arthur Henry Hallam (1811–1833), poet and the subject of Tennyson's elegy In Memoriam.[3]

Hallam Street
Tree lined Hallam Street
Former name(s)Charlotte Street
Duke Street
Length0.3 mi (0.5 km)
Postal codeW1
Coordinates51.5213°N 0.1439°W / 51.5213; -0.1439
south endBroadcasting House
Langham Street
north endno junction
View of Hallam Street in Marylebone, London

History

Hallam Street is situated within the boundaries of the ancient Manor of St Marylebone. The history of the Manor can be traced back to the Domesday Book in the 11th century, when the area was divided into two manors: Lilestone and Tyburn. Much of the area was covered with forest and marshland and formed part of the great forest of Middlesex.[4]

Like the better known Portland Place and Great Portland Street, Hallam Street was originally developed by the Dukes of Portland, who owned most of the eastern half of Marylebone in the 18th and 19th centuries. Richard Horwood’s 1790s map of London shows that Charlotte Street had by then been laid out exactly as Hallam Street is today.[5] Maps from that period show houses lining the entire length of the street by that time. In the late 19th/early 20th century, following the expiration of individual buildings’ 99-year leases, Hallam Street was redeveloped and many of its original Georgian houses were replaced by larger mansion and office blocks.

Buildings and notable residents
Hallam Street, view south from Weymouth Street
Blitz damage to Hallam Street

The street has buildings of mainly five to eight storeys with a strong residential presence.[6] Notable residents who lived for a time in the street include the Pre-Raphaelite artist and poet Dante Gabriel Rossetti (1828–1882), the painters John Sell Cotman (1782-1842), Cornelius Varley (1781-1873),[7] Sir Peter Francis Bourgeois(1753–1811), dominatrix Theresa Berkley (d.1836), the writer William Gerhardi (1895–1977), the conductor and founder of The Proms Sir Henry Joseph Wood (1869–1944),[8] American journalist and broadcaster Edward R Murrow (1908–1965), World War Two hero Wing Commander Forest Frederick Edward Yeo-Thomas (1901–1964), the radio and television writer Ernest Dudley (1908–2006), and the Austrian writer Stefan Zweig (1881–1942).

Number 50 Charlotte Street (later renamed 93 Hallam Street) was both the home and official residence from 1875 to 1910 of Jesse Claxton who was the Registrar of Births and Deaths for St Marylebone for 35 years.

Numbers 44 and 50 Hallam Street, originally the offices of the General Medical Council, received Grade II designation in 1954. A large number of the street’s buildings have been characterised as "unlisted buildings of merit" in the Harley Street Conservation Area Audit[9] and are either part of the Howard de Walden Estate[10] (originally the Portland Estate)[11] or the Langham Estate (also once part of the Howard de Walden Estate).[12][13]

Broadcasting House at the South end of Hallam St, London W1W

Hallam Street contains a number of institutional buildings (including the BBC’s Broadcasting House) from the Edwardian and inter-war periods. Blitz bomb damage was extensive at the south end of the street, its synagogue was also destroyed while other buildings experienced blast damage.[14]

Recent developments

The redevelopment of Broadcasting House, whose modern rear elevation lies on Hallam Street, was completed in 2010. Its redevelopment is the BBC's single largest capital project ever, and has created a new centre for radio, news and world service in the heart of London.[15] The BBC's facilities, a majority of the street's office buildings and its two hotels lie at the southern end of the street.

Trees were planted along the length of the street in 2009 and residential fibre-optic broadband infrastructure was also added to it in 2019.[16][17]

Notable buildings

There are a number of notable buildings on this Marylebone Street:

  • New Broadcasting House (BBC)
  • 44 and 50 Hallam Street (Formerly the offices of the General Medical Council) - Conference venue and residential
  • 47 Hallam Street (The Central London Synagogue) - Place of worship
  • 49 Hallam Street - Residential mansion block
  • 77 Hallam Street - Residential mansion block
  • 84-94 Hallam Street (Weymouth House) - Residential mansion block
  • 105 Hallam Street (Formerly Cunard White Star Line Lodge) - Residential mansion block
  • 110 Hallam Street (Rossetti House) - Residential mansion block

Other buildings with elevations on Hallam Street
  • 85 New Cavendish Street – De Walden Court - Residential mansion block & offices
  • 1 Weymouth Street (Weymouth Court)- Residential mansion block
  • 2 Weymouth Street (formerly YMCA Hostel) - Residential mansion block
  • 9 Weymouth Street (Stone House) - Residential mansion block
  • 10 Weymouth Street (Warpole House) - Residential mansion block - www.10weymouth.com
  • 2 Devonshire Street (formerly YWCA Hostel) - Residential mansion block
  • 54-57 Devonshire Street (Goodwood Court) - Residential mansion block
  • View of Hallam Street outside Weymouth House in Marylebone London W1
  • View of the Mason's Arms on Hallam Street in Marylebone London W1
  • View South on Hallam St, Marylebone London W1
  • Hallam Street before trees were planted
  • Lord Mayor Cllr Alan Bradley launches W1W Street Tree Planting campaign on Hallam Street W1
  • Air Raid Precautions Message regarding bombing incident at 44 Hallam Street on 3 June 1941
  • DANTE GABRIEL ROSSETTI 1828-1882 Poet & Painter was born at 110 Hallam Street

Transport

The nearest London Underground stations to Hallam Street are Oxford Circus, Great Portland Street, and Regents Park tube stations. Buses numbered 88, C2, 18, 27, 30, 205, 189, 3, 12, and 55 stop within a close distance (<5 minutes walk) from Hallam Street.[18]

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See also

References
  1. "Harley Street Conservation Area Map September 2007" (PDF). Westminster City Council. Retrieved 21 May 2010.
  2. "Marylebone District Map 1902". Gutenberg Project: Charles and Adam Black. Retrieved 20 May 2010.
  3. Robertson, Edmund (1911). "Hallam, Henry" . In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. 12 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 851–852.
  4. "Harley Street Conservation Area Audit 2008" (PDF). Westminster City Council. Retrieved 21 May 2010.
  5. "Horwood's Plan of the Cities of London and Westminster 1792-1799". Old London Maps Com. Retrieved 21 May 2010.
  6. Image catalogue of Hallam St 2011 http://outdoors.webshots.com/album/577048690pTElbR
  7. Gordon Mackenzie, Marylebone - Great City North of Oxford Street, Macmillan; 1st Edition (2 Nov 1972)
  8. David Brandon and Alan Brook, Marylebone & Tyburn Past - An illustrated history of this wealthy suburb. Historical Publications, 2007
  9. "WCC Conservation Area Audit June 2008". Westminster City Council. Archived from the original on 5 March 2010. Retrieved 21 May 2010.
  10. "The Howard de Walden Estate from 1086 to present day". Howard de Walden Estate. Archived from the original on 22 March 2009. Retrieved 21 May 2010.
  11. "History of Harley Street Area". Harley Street Guide. Retrieved 21 May 2010.
  12. "History of Langham Estate". Langham Estate. Archived from the original on 23 March 2010. Retrieved 22 May 2010.
  13. Revealed Samuel Tak Lee: the secretive tycoon who controls a huge swathe of the West End, Evening Standard, 13 June 2003, p.19
  14. http://www.westendatwar.org.uk/page_id__117_path__0p2p.aspx West End at War web site, Bomb Damage File Nos. 105, 489, 491 & 549 of 1940-41, and Bomb Damage Maps, Westminster City Council Archive Centre, London, England
  15. "New Broadcasting House". BBC British Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 23 May 2010.
  16. w1wtrees (26 June 2009). "Trees Arrive on Hallam Street in Marylebone, London W1". The W1W Tree Planting Initiative for Marylebone. Retrieved 10 June 2019.
  17. "Marylebone Association - Slow lane for Superfast Broadband rollout in (East) Marylebone". www.marylebone.org.
  18. "Transport for London - Bus Routes May 2010". Transport for London. Retrieved 23 May 2010.
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