Halanaerobiales

The Halanaerobiales are an order of bacteria placed within the class Clostridia, and encompassing two families, the Halanaerobiaceae and the Halobacteroidaceae. Originally placed within the highly polyphyletic class Clostridia, according to the NCBI and LPSN, it is now thought to lie outside the Firmicutes. Halanaerobiales are halophilic obligate anaerobes with a fermentative or homoacetogenic metabolism.[1]

Halanaerobiales
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Bacteria
Phylum:	Firmicutes
Class:	Clostridia Rainey 2010
Order:	Halanaerobiales Rainey and Zhilina 1995
Families & Genera
Halanaerobiaceae Oren et al. 1984 Halarsenatibacter Switzer Blum et al. 2010 Halothermothrix orenii Cayol et al. 1994 Halocella Simankova et al. 1994 Halanaerobium Zeikus et al. 1984 Halobacteroidaceae Zhilina and Rainey 1995 Acetohalobium Zhilina and Zavarzin 1990 Halanaerobacter Liaw and Mah 1996 emend. Mouné et al. 1999 Halanaerobaculum Hedi et al. 2009 Halobacteroides Oren et al. 1984 Halonatronum Zhilina et al. 2001 Natroniella Zhilina et al. 1996 Orenia Rainey and Stackebrandt 1995 Selenihalanaerobacter Switzer Blum et al. 2001 Sporohalobacter Oren et al. 1988

Phylogeny

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN)[2] and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)[3] and the phylogeny is based on 16S rRNA-based LTP release 106 by The All-Species Living Tree Project.[4]

Halanaerobiaceae   Halarsenatibacter silvermanii Switzer Blum et al. 2010       Halothermothrix orenii Cayol et al. 1994       Halocella cellulosilytica Simankova et al. 1994     Halanaerobium   ?H. alcaliphilum Tsai et al. 1995     ?H. hydrogeniformans ♠ Brown et al. 2011     H. salsuginis Bhupathiraju et al. 1994         H. fermentans Kobayashi et al. 2000     H. lacusrosei Cayol et al. 1995         H. acetethylicum (Rengpipat et al. 1989) Rainey et al. 1995     H. sehlinense Abdeljabbar et al. 2013       H. kushneri Bhupathiraju et al. 1999       H. praevalens Zeikus et al. 1984       H. congolense Ravot et al. 1998     H. saccharolyticum saccharolyticum (Zhilina et al. 1992) Rainey et al. 1995     H. saccharolyticum senegalense (Cayol et al. 1994) Rainey et al. 1995                       Halobacteroidaceae   ?Sporohalobacter lortetii (Oren 1984) Oren et al. 1988       Acetohalobium arabaticum Zhilina and Zavarzin 1990     Selenihalanaerobacter shriftii Switzer Blum et al. 2001         Natroniella   N. acetigena Zhilina et al. 1996     N. sulfidigena Sorokin et al. 2011           Orenia   O. marismortui (Oren et al. 1988) Rainey et al. 1995     O. salinaria Mouné et al. 2000         Orenia sivashensis Zhilina et al. 2000     Halonatronum saccharophilum Zhilina et al. 2001             Halanaerobaculum tunisiense Hedi et al. 2009     Halobacteroides halobius Oren et al. 1984 [Type sp.]       Halanaerobacter   ?H. chitinovorans Liaw and Mah 1996     H. salinarius Mouné et al. 1999       H. lacunarum (Zhilina et al. 1992) Rainey et al. 1995     Halobacteroides elegans Zhilina et al. 1997

Notes:
♠ Strains found at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) but not listed in the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LSPN).

References

1. Singh OV (2012). Extremophiles: Sustainable Resources and Biotechnological Implications. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 76–79. ISBN 978-1-118-10300-5.
2. J.P. Euzéby. "Halanaerobiales". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). Archived from the original on 2013-01-27. Retrieved 2011-11-17.
3. Sayers; et al. "Halanaerobiales". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database. Retrieved 2011-06-05.
4. All-Species Living Tree Project."16S rRNA-based LTP release 106 (full tree)" (PDF). Silva Comprehensive Ribosomal RNA Database. Retrieved 2011-11-17.

Further reading

Bardavid, Rahel Elevi; Oren, Aharon (2012). "The amino acid composition of proteins from anaerobic halophilic bacteria of the order Halanaerobiales". Extremophiles. 16 (3): 567–572. doi:10.1007/s00792-012-0455-y.