HMS Terrible (1845)

HMS Terrible was when designed the largest steam-powered wooden paddle wheel frigate built for the Royal Navy.

For other ships with the same name, see HMS Terrible.

1845 engraving of HMS Terrible
History
UK
Name: HMS Terrible
Ordered:
Builder:
Laid down: November 1843
Launched: 6 February 1845
Completed: 25 March 1846
Renamed:
  • Ordered as HMS Simoom
  • Renamed on 23 December 1842
Fate: Sold for breaking up on 7 July 1879
General characteristics
Type: First class steam paddle frigate
Displacement: 3,189 tons
Tons burthen: 1,847 ​7⁄94 bm
Length:
  • 226 ft 2 in (68.94 m) (overall)
  • 196 ft 10.25 in (60.0 m) (keel)
Beam: 42 ft 6 in (12.95 m)
Draught: 27 ft (8.2 m)
Propulsion:
  • 4-cyl. (72 in diam., 8 ft stroke) direct-acting "Siamese" type engine
  • 4 × tubular boilers
  • 800 nhp
  • 2,059 ihp
Speed: 10.9kts under engines
Complement: 200
Armament:
  • Main deck:
    • 4 × 68 pdrs
    • 4 × 56 pdrs
    • 3 × 12 pdrs
  • Upper deck:
    • 4 × 68 pdrs
    • 4 × 56 pdrs

Characteristics

Dimensions

Terrible was designed by Oliver Lang,[1] master shipwright at Woolwich Dockyard. Her length of 226 feet exceeded that of HMS Trafalgar by 21 feet 6 inches.[2]

Construction

Terrible was laid down at HMNB Devonport on 13 November 1843 under the name HMS Simoom. She was renamed on 23 December 1842, and launched on 6 February 1845. She was constructed of Honduras mahogany, East India teak and well seasoned English oak. She had one deck more than Retribution.[2] With three masts and four funnels in two widely spaced pairs, she had a unique appearance among ships of this type.

Propulsion

The engines of Terrible were made by Maudslay and Co. wand were a similar pair as those on Retributution. They cost 41,250 GBP and each had 400 hp. The weight of the engines was 212 tons, the boilers 250 ton, the water in the boilers 138, the paddle wheels 44 and the coal boxes 16 tons, for a total of 560 tons. The coals boxes were to contain 800 tons of coal.[2] Therefore a total of 1,360 tons was spent on the propulsion.

Armament

The heavy machinery still left some weight that could be spent on the armament. Plans were to mount 16 56-pounder 85 cwt guns and 4 10-inch granade guns. The 56 pounders would be mounted in a broadside arrangement between decks. Of the granade guns two would be mounted on pivots, and two as broadside guns on the weather deck. The boats would be armed with one brass 6-pounder, two 18-pounder carronades, and two 12-pounder carronades.[2] Later the brass 6-pounder and two brass carronades were said to be saluting, or signal guns.[3]

Career

Service in the Channel and the Mediterranean

Terrible was commissioned on 5 December 1845 under the command of Captain William Ramsay and was first attached to the Channel Fleet. In 1847 she was sent to Portuguese Angola to transport the Portuguese exiles under the leadership of the Count of Bonfim back to Lisbon, as stipulated by the Convention of Gramido.[4] On 2 January 1850, she ran aground at Plymouth whilst on a voyage from Portsmouth to Lisbon, Portugal. She was refloated and taken in to Plymouth.[5] Subsequently she served in the Mediterranean.

During the Crimean War

Terrible saw active service during the Crimean War. On 6 November 1853, commanded by Captain James Johnstone McCleverty, she left England carrying Rear-Admiral Sir Edmund Lyons, who had been appointed second-in-command of the Mediterranean Fleet.[6] Terrible then joined Admiral James Dundas's fleet in the Black Sea, where she served during the Crimean War. On 7 October 1854 she landed some of her 68-pounder guns at Balaclava to be used in the siege of Sevastopol.[7] At the naval bombardment of Sevastopol on 17 October Terrible was the northernmost ship of the Allied line and successfully bombarded Fort Constantine, the northern fortress protecting Sevastopol harbour.[8]

Further service
Terrible escorting the Floating Dock round Catherine's Point, Bermuda, 29 July 1869

On 14 January 1865, Terrible ran aground at Sheerness, Kent.[9] In 1866, commanded by Captain John Commerell, she helped the SS Great Eastern to lay the fifth (and first successful) Atlantic cable. In 1869 she was one of three ships employed to move the specially built 'Bermuda' Dry Dock across the Atlantic from Madeira to Ireland Island, Bermuda. The dock was towed by HMS Warrior and HMS Black Prince with Terrible lashed astern to act as a rudder, the voyage lasting 39 days.[10] She was broken up in 1879.

See also

Notes
  1. Bernard Dumpleton, The Story of the Paddle Steamer (Intellect Books, 2003, ISBN 1-84150-801-2.
  2. Flood and Field 1845, p. 149.
  3. Flood and Field 1845, p. 323.
  4. The Times, 22 October 1847 (report of arrival in Lisbon).
  5. "Naval Intelligence". The Times (20377). London. 4 January 1850. col F, p. 5.
  6. Russian War, 1854, Baltic and Black Sea, Official Correspondence edited by D. Bonner-Smith and Captain A. C. Dewar, Navy Records Society, 1943, p. 209.
  7. Russian War, 1854, Baltic and Black Sea, Official Correspondence, p. 332.
  8. Russian War, 1854, Baltic and Black Sea, Official Correspondence, pp. 339-340, and map facing p. 344.
  9. "Naval and Military Intelligence". Morning Post (28435). London. 2 February 1865. p. 5.
  10. Bermuda's Royal Navy base at Ireland Island began in 1815

References
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