Grete Waitz

Grete Waitz (née Andersen, 1 October 1953 – 19 April 2011) was a Norwegian marathon runner and former world record holder. In 1979, she became the first woman in history to run the marathon in under two and a half hours. She won nine New York City Marathons, women's division, between 1978 and 1988, more than any other runner in history. She won a silver medal at the 1984 Olympic Games in Los Angeles and a gold medal at the 1983 World Championships in Helsinki. Her other marathon victories included winning the London Marathon in 1983 and 1986. She was also a five-time winner of the World Cross Country Championships.

Grete Waitz

Waitz in New York, 2010
Personal information
Full name	Grete Waitz
Nationality	Norwegian
Born	(1953-10-01)1 October 1953 Oslo, Norway
Died	19 April 2011(2011-04-19) (aged 57) Oslo, Norway
Height	5 ft 8 in (1.73 m)
Weight	120 lb (54 kg)
Sport
Country	Norway
Sport	Sport of athletics
Event(s)	Marathon
Medal record Olympic Games 1984 Los Angeles Marathon World Championships 1983 Helsinki Marathon World Cross Country Championships 1978 Glasgow women's race 1979 Limerick women's race 1980 Paris women's race 1981 Madrid women's race 1983 Gateshead women's race 1982 Rome women's race 1984 East Rutherford women's race European Championships 1974 Rome 1500 m 1978 Prague 3000 m IAAF World Cup 1977 Düsseldorf 3000 m 1979 Montreal 3000 m New York City Marathon 1978 New York City Marathon 1979 New York City Marathon 1980 New York City Marathon 1982 New York City Marathon 1983 New York City Marathon 1984 New York City Marathon 1985 New York City Marathon 1986 New York City Marathon 1988 New York City Marathon

Waitz won 12 World Marathon Majors, the most for any runner.[1]

Background

Born Grete Andersen in Oslo, Norway,[2] Waitz was a talented young runner, but had difficulty in getting her parents to take her potential profession seriously. However, Waitz ran at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich in the 1500 metres, and to support her athletic career she studied at a teachers college.

Career

In her teen years, Waitz won national junior titles in Norway in the 400 and 800 metres. At age 17 she set the European junior record for 1500 m with a time of 4:17 and won a bronze medal at the European Championships in this event in 1974. In 1975 Waitz broke the 3000 metres world record, running 8:46.6 in Oslo. In Oslo a year later she lowered this record with an 8:45.4 effort, then in 1977 she won a gold medal at this distance at the inaugural IAAF World Cup in Athletics meet in Düsseldorf with a personal best time of 8:43.50. Two years later in Montreal she won a silver medal, also in Oslo, she came to her all-time personal best of 8:31.75.

She ran the 1500m in the 1978 European Athletics Championships in Prague on 3 September 1978. The run was won by Giana Romanova (UDSSR) in 3:59.01. Waitz placed 5th, with her career best in the 1500 m 4:00.55. It still stands as the Norwegian national record. Back then it was the 8th best time for the 1500m.[3][4] On 29 August at the Championships, she placed third in the 3000m s, with a time of 8:34.33. The winner was Svetlana Ulmasova with 8:33.16.[5]

New York City Marathon 1978

It was in 1978 that her association with the New York City Marathon began; she was invited to run there by race co-founder and director Fred Lebow, and in her first appearance she not only won but took a full two minutes off the women's course record. On 22 October 1978, she finished in 2:32:29 more than 9 minutes ahead of Martha Cooksey 2:41:49.[6] Cooksey won the San Diego Half Marathon on 26 Aug in 1:15:04. Her winning time there was a world best.[7] During 1978 the world record in the women's marathon was 2:34:47.5 set on 10 Sep 1977 by Christa Vahlensieck at the Berlin marathon.[8] The world record was broken on 3 Feb 1980 by Joan Benoit with 2:31:23 in Auckland. In 1981, the 1978 NYC course was remeasured and found 151 meters short. She further improved her NYC times with her following win in 1979 and 1980.

According to the Association of Road Racing Statisticans (ARRS) Waitz had a 28 races winning streak from 22 September 1979 with a win in a 10-mile road race in Lynchburg (USA) until 8 June 1981 her win in a 3000m track race in Basel (Switzerland).[9]

Waitz went on to win the race nine times and broke the course record three years in a row. In 1979 she won the NYC marathon in 2:27:33. Gillian Adams was the runner up with 2:38:33.[6] Her winning time in the 1980 edition was 2:25:41, Patt Lyons-Catalano placed second with 2:29:33.[6]

In 1983 she set the world record to 2:25:29, which she ran at London. Besides her marathon victories in New York and the 1983 World Championships in Helsinki, Waitz also won the London Marathon in 1983 and 1986 (the latter in a personal best of 2:24:54), as well as the Stockholm Marathon in 1988 at 2:28:24 (which as of 2011 is still the Stockholm course record for women).

Waitz enjoyed much success on the road at non-marathon distances as well, including a win at the Falmouth Road Race in 1980, four victories at the prestigious 10-km Peachtree Road Race in Atlanta, five wins at the L'eggs Mini-Marathon in New York, and world road records at 8 km (25:03), twice in the 10-km (31:16 in 1979, then later to 30:59), 15-km (48:01), and 10-mile distances. She further demonstrated her versatility by successfully competing in cross country, earning two bronze medals (1982, 1984) at the IAAF World Cross Country Championships and winning the gold medal five times, (1978–1981 and 1983), tying her with Doris Brown Heritage for most wins in the history of women's International/World Cross Country Championships.

Her last race was a victory at 5000 metres in Oslo in June 1982, in which her 15:08.80 was the second best in history, falling only a half second short of the world record set three weeks earlier by Mary Slaney.

The only significant award she did not win in her career was an Olympic victory. As an up-and-coming 19-year-old in Munich and then a 23-year-old running the 1500 m in Montreal (the longest event allowed for women in the Olympics up until 1984), she competed, but did not medal, in an event that was far short of her specialty. In 1980, Norway was one of the countries that decided to boycott the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow. At the 1984 Summer Olympics, she was beaten in the marathon by Joan Benoit, placing second to take the silver medal. In the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, Korea, a bad knee forced her to drop out of the women's marathon just after passing the 18-mile mark. She won a gold medal in the marathon at the 1983 World Championships in Athletics in Helsinki.[2]

Waitz completed her last marathon on 1 November 1992 with her friend Fred Lebow. In celebration of Lebow's 60th birthday, after he was diagnosed with brain cancer in early 1990, they both completed the New York City Marathon with a time of 5:32:35.[10]

Personal bests

• 1500 metres – 4:00.55 – Prague – 3 September 1978
• One mile – 4:26.90 – Gateshead – 9 July 1978
• 3000 metres – 8:31.75 – Oslo (Bislett) – 17 July 1979
• 15 kilometres – 47:52 – Tampa, FL – 11 February 1984
• Marathon – 2:24:54 – London – 20 April 1986[11]

After retirement

Although not competing at the top level, Waitz still ran in and organised corporate races in which she aimed to give advice and information on distance running and health. She also did charity work, particularly for the CARE International and the International Special Olympics. In June 2005 it was publicly known that she was undergoing treatment for cancer. She also coached Liz McColgan. For more than 25 years, Waitz served as the ambassador for the worldwide JPMorgan Chase Corporate Challenge Series, promoting health and wellness to full-time workers. She provided regular training and motivational tips.[12] Waitz was also a spokesperson for Avon Products.[13]

In August 2009 it was revealed that Waitz had initiated a co-operation between her old sponsor, Adidas, and the cancer care foundation she started in 2007 – "Aktiv mot kreft". The co-operation would mean that the cancer care foundation would get 5% of the proceeds from Adidas' sale of their Grete Waitz and Modern Classics collections. This could be as much as NOK 500 million per year, which would go to the establishment of hospital physical training centres and investment in PET-scanners.[14]

Death

Waitz died of cancer on 19 April 2011, aged 57.[15] Waitz was survived by her husband Jack and her brothers Jan and Arild.[16] The Norwegian government later announced she would be buried with government honor at state expense, the sixth woman in Norwegian history to be given this honor.[17] This was equivalent to a state funeral, although in accordance with her family wishes the ceremony was private.[18]

Legacy

She won 13 out of 20 Marathons. Her 9 NYC Marathon wins, 2 London Marathon wins and 1 World Championship win, makes her the record holder for World Major Marathons.[19]

Waitz is widely acknowledged as helping to promote marathon and long-distance running for women. In Norway she is a sporting legend, with an annual race named after her in her honor. The New York Road Runners club annually sponsors "Grete's Great Gallop," formerly a half-marathon and now a 10K, in her honor.

There is a statue of her in the Norway pavilion in EPCOT at the Walt Disney World Resort. There is also a statue of her outside Bislett Stadium in Oslo, and she has been featured on a set of stamps. In addition, her portrait is featured on the tail of a Norwegian Air Shuttle 787 Dreamliner aircraft (a plane, coincidentally, manufactured in North Charleston, South Carolina, a market where she won the Charleston-area 10km race in 1989).

On 23 November 2008 Waitz was appointed a Knight 1st Class of the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav, bestowed by King Harald V of Norway in recognition of her being an important role model.[20] Waitz received the St. Olav's Medal in 1981 and Medal of St. Hallvard in 1989.

Achievements

Year	Competition	Venue	Position	Event	Notes
Representing  Norway
1972	Olympic Games	Munich, Germany	heats	1500 m	4.16.0
1974	European Championships	Rome, Italy	3rd	1500 m	4.05.2
1976	Olympic Games	Montreal, Canada	semi-final	1500 m	4.04.80
1977	IAAF World Cup	Düsseldorf, Germany	1st	3000 metres	8:43.50
1978	World Cross Country Championships	Glasgow, United Kingdom	1st
	European Championships	Prague, Czech Republic	3rd	3000 metres	8:34.33
	New York City Marathon	New York City, USA	1st	Marathon	2:32:30
1979	World Cross Country Championships	Limerick, Ireland	1st
	IAAF World Cup	Montreal, Canada	2nd	3000 metres	8:38.59
	New York City Marathon	New York City, USA	1st	Marathon	2:27:33
1980	World Cross Country Championships	Paris, France	1st
	New York City Marathon	New York City, USA	1st	Marathon	2:25:41
1981	World Cross Country Championships	Madrid, Spain	1st
1982	World Cross Country Championships	Rome, Italy	3rd
	New York City Marathon	New York City, USA	1st	Marathon	2:27:14
1983	World Cross Country Championships	Gateshead, United Kingdom	1st
	London Marathon	London, United Kingdom	1st	Marathon	2:25:29
	World Championships	Helsinki, Finland	1st	Marathon	2:28:08
	New York City Marathon	New York City, USA	1st	Marathon	2:27:00
1984	World Cross Country Championships	New York, United States	3rd
	Olympic Games	Los Angeles, USA	2nd	Marathon	2:26:18
	New York City Marathon	New York City, USA	1st	Marathon	2:29:30
1985	New York City Marathon	New York City, USA	1st	Marathon	2:28:34
1986	London Marathon	London, United Kingdom	1st	Marathon	2:24:54
	New York City Marathon	New York City, USA	1st	Marathon	2:28:06
1988	Stockholm Marathon	Stockholm, Sweden	1st	Marathon	2:28:24
	Olympic Games	Seoul, South Korea	–	Marathon	DNF
	New York City Marathon	New York City, USA	1st	Marathon	2:28:07
1990	New York City Marathon	New York, United States	4th	Marathon	2:34:34

References

1. Records, Guinness World (11 September 2014). Guinness World Records 2015. Guinness World Records. ISBN 9781908843708.
2. Robbins, Liz; Weber, Bruce (19 April 2011), "Grete Waitz, Marathon Champion, Dies at 57", The New York Times
3. "Women's 1500m". www.alltime-athletics.com. Retrieved 4 May 2019.
4. "EM 2014 Guide" (PDF).
5. "European Championships Handbook" (PDF).
6. "New York Road Runners Official Race Results". results.nyrr.org. Retrieved 1 May 2019.
7. "untitled". www.arrs.run. Retrieved 4 June 2019.
8. "untitled". www.arrs.run. Retrieved 4 June 2019.
9. "untitled". www.arrs.run. Retrieved 4 June 2019.
10. "Grete Waits reflects". Daily News. Retrieved 26 April 2014.
11. IAFF athletes http://www.iaaf.org/athletes/biographies/letter=w/athcode=63544/index.html
12. "JPMorgan Chase Corporate Challenge website". Archived from the original on 25 March 2016. Retrieved 6 August 2017.
13. Products, Avon. "Grete Waitz, Norwegian American Runner". www.lawzone.com. Retrieved 6 August 2017.
14. Kristiansen, Wanda (16 August 2009). "Kreftstiftelse kan tjene milliarder med Grete Waitz". Aftenposten (in Norwegian). Retrieved 16 August 2009.
15. Langset, Kristine Grue; Torgersen, Hans O.; Dragland, Lene Li (19 April 2011). "Grete Waitz er død" (in Norwegian). Aftenposten. Retrieved 19 April 2011.
16. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 28 April 2011. Retrieved 14 January 2017.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
17. "Grete Waitz får begravelse på statens regning" (in Norwegian). Verdens Gang. 21 April 2011. Retrieved 21 April 2011.
18. Berglund, Nina (21 April 2011). "Grete Waitz to receive state funeral". Views and News from Norway. Retrieved 12 August 2016.
19. Records, Guinness World (11 September 2014). Guinness World Records 2015. Guinness World Records. ISBN 9781908843708.
20. "King's honours to Grete Waitz". Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation/Aftenposten. The Norway Post. 23 November 2008. Retrieved 23 November 2008.

Audio interview

• TheFinalSprint.com's interview with running pioneer Grete Waitz

External links

• Biography of Grete Waitz
• Grete Waitz reflects on her, & Fred Lebow's, last NYC Marathon
• Google Doodle tribute to Grete Waitz

Records
Preceded by Lyudmila Bragina	Women's 3 000 m world record holder 24 June 1975 – 7 August 1976	Succeeded by Lyudmila Bragina
Preceded by Christa Vahlensieck	Women's marathon world record holder 22 October 1978 – 18 April 1983	Succeeded by Joan Benoit
Preceded by Joan Benoit	Women's half marathon world record holder 15 May 1982 – 18 September 1983	Succeeded by Joan Benoit
Sporting positions
Preceded by Joyce Smith Ingrid Kristiansen	Women's London Marathon winner 1983 1986	Succeeded by Ingrid Kristiansen Ingrid Kristiansen
Preceded by Lyudmila Bragina Lyudmila Bragina	Women's 3000 m Best Year Performance 1975 1977–1979	Succeeded by Lyudmila Bragina Yelena Sipatova
Preceded by Ingrid Kristiansen	Women's fastest marathon race 1986	Succeeded by Ingrid Kristiansen