Ginda'i

Ginda'i is a reservoir located in the Kilte Awula’ilo woreda of the Tigray Region in Ethiopia. The earthen dam that holds the reservoir was built in 1998 by SAERT.[1]

Ginda'i
Ginda'i
Coordinates13.771118°N 39.338038°E / 13.771118; 39.338038
TypeFreshwater artificial lake
Primary outflowsAgefet
Basin countriesEthiopia
Surface area0.135 km2 (0.052 sq mi)
Water volume0.793×10^6 m3 (643 acre⋅ft)
SettlementsTsigereda

Dam characteristics
  • Dam height: 19.5 metres
  • Dam crest length: 483 metres
  • Spillway width: 23.2 metres

Capacity
  • Original capacity: 793170 m³
  • Dead storage: 142405 m³
  • Reservoir area: 13.5 ha

In 2002, the life expectancy of the reservoir (the duration before it is filled with sediment) was estimated at 20 years.[1]

Irrigation
  • Designed irrigated area: 54 ha
  • Actual irrigated area in 2002: 6 ha

Environment

The catchment of the reservoir is 11.16 km² large. A net erosion map for the Ginda’i catchment shows that sediment deposition occurs at the footslopes, while the maximum erosion rate (more than 150 tonnes per hectare per year) occurred on the steepest slopes. Erosion rates in the cultivated lands are often low, as in the Ginda’i catchment croplands are generally located on slopes which are less than 5% steep.[2] The reservoir suffers from rapid siltation.[3][4] Part of the water that could be used for irrigation is lost through seepage; the positive side-effect is that this contributes to groundwater recharge.[5]

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References
  1. De Wit, Joke (2003). Stuwmeren in Tigray (Noord-Ethiopië): kenmerken, sedimentatie en sediment-bronnen. Unpub. M.Sc. thesis. Department of Geography, K.U.Leuven.
  2. Nigussie Haregeweyn, J. Poesen, G. Verstraeten, G. Govers, J. De Vente, J. NYSSEN, J. DECKERS, and J. MOEYERSONS. "Assessing the performance of a spatially distributed soil erosion and sediment delivery model (WATEM/SEDEMENTATION) in northern Ethiopia." In Land Degradation and Development. John Wiley & Sons, 2001. https://www.africamuseum.be/publication_docs/watemsedemHaregeweynetalLDD2011.pdf
  3. Nigussie Haregeweyn, and colleagues (2006). "Reservoirs in Tigray: characteristics and sediment deposition problems". Land Degradation and Development. 17: 211–230. doi:10.1002/ldr.698.
  4. Vanmaercke, M. and colleagues (2019). Sediment Yield and Reservoir Siltation in Tigray. Cham (CH): Springer Nature. pp. 345–357.
  5. Nigussie Haregeweyn, and colleagues (2008). "Sediment yield variability in Northern Ethiopia: A quantitative analysis of its controlling factors". Catena. 75: 65–76. doi:10.1016/j.catena.2008.04.011.
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