Garvin, Oklahoma

Garvin is a town in McCurtain County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 256 at the 2010 census, compared to 143 at the 2000 census.[5]

Not to be confused with Garvin County, Oklahoma.

Garvin, Oklahoma
Town
Location of Garvin, Oklahoma
Coordinates: 33°57′18″N 94°56′29″W
Country	United States
State	Oklahoma
County	McCurtain
Area [1]
• Total	1.92 sq mi (4.98 km^2)
• Land	1.92 sq mi (4.98 km^2)
• Water	0.00 sq mi (0.00 km^2)
Elevation	489 ft (149 m)
Population  (2010)
• Total	256
• Estimate  (2019)[2]	255
• Density	132.74/sq mi (51.24/km^2)
Time zone	UTC-6 (Central (CST))
• Summer (DST)	UTC-5 (CDT)
ZIP code	74736
Area code(s)	580
FIPS code	40-2870[3]
GNIS feature ID	109313[4]

History

Garvin began as a trading post in the Choctaw Nation, about 1.5 miles (2.4 km) southeast of the present community bearing the same name. A post office named Garvin was established at the trading post on February 19, 1894. James W. Kirk, owner of the trading post, was the first postmaster, and chose to name the post office "Garvin," for his father-in-law, Isaac L. Garvin, who had been chief of the Choctaw Nation from 1878 to 1880.[5]

At the time of its founding, Garvin was located in Bok Tuklo County, a part of the Apukshunnubbee District of the Choctaw Nation.

In 1902, the Choctaw Land Commission selected a new site along the railroad that was being constructed across what would become McCurtain County, Oklahoma. The 126 acres (0.51 km²) site, which would reclaim the name Garvin, was halfway between Valliant, Oklahoma and Purnell (later renamed Idabel, Oklahoma). The new Garvin began to develop rapidly. The first newspaper to serve that part of the country was the Garvin Graphic, which began publishing in 1903. A school opened in September, 1904, with an enrollment of 50 students. A cotton gin began operation in the same year. In 1905, Garvin had a telephone system. Garvin had a population of 800 in 1906, 15 stores had opened by then and several professional people (e.g., doctors and lawyers) had established practices.[5]

Statehood had caused the dissolution of the Choctaw Nation as a political entity, replaced by the creation of several counties of the new state of Oklahoma. Gavin fell within the boundaries of McCurtain County, Oklahoma. Idabel was chosen as the county seat, although Garvin then had the larger population. Its economic base was forest products, because of the dense forests in its vicinity. The town had several wood processing businesses creating job opportunities. There was a large sawmill, a veneering plant, a barrel hoop plant and a barrel stave plant. Whole logs could be shipped to other markets over several miles of a tramway that led south toward the Red River. Garvin's population rose to a peak of 957 in 2010, then dropped to only 293 at the 1920 census.[lower-alpha 1] Garvin never regained its previous growth. Meanwhile, its local rival, Idabel had surged ahead to a 1910 population of 1,493 and continued to 3,067 in 1920.[5]

Geography

Garvin is located at 33°57′18″N 94°56′29″W (33.954888, -94.941513).[6] According to the United States Census Bureau, this town has a total area of 0.3 square miles (0.78 km²), all of it land. It is also about 1.5 miles (2.4 km) south of Little River.[5]

Demographics

Historical population
Census	Pop.		%±
1910	957		—
1920	293		−69.4%
1930	263		−10.2%
1940	170		−35.4%
1950	155		−8.8%
1960	109		−29.7%
1970	117		7.3%
1980	162		38.5%
1990	128		−21.0%
2000	143		11.7%
2010	256		79.0%
Est. 2019	255	[2]	−0.4%
U.S. Decennial Census[7]

As of the census[3] of 2000, there were 143 people, 53 households, and 39 families residing in this town. The population density was 471.2 people per square mile (184.0/km²). There were 57 housing units at an average density of 187.8 per square mile (73.4/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 88.11% White, 9.09% Native American, and 2.80% from two or more races.

There were 53 households, out of which 34.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.5% were married couples living together, 11.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.4% were non-families. 22.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.70 and the average family size was 3.15.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 33.6% under the age of 18, 4.9% from 18 to 24, 32.2% from 25 to 44, 18.2% from 45 to 64, and 11.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.9 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $29,375, and the median income for a family was $30,833. Males had a median income of $23,125 versus $19,375 for females. The per capita income for the town was $11,633. There were 8.3% of families and 10.0% of the population living below the poverty line, including 16.3% of under eighteens and 27.3% of those over 64.

Notable people

• Blanche Barrow, born Bennie Caldwell, was married to Buck Barrow who was the brother of Clyde, of the Bonnie and Clyde gang during the Great Depression in the early 1930s.

Notes

1. The steep decline between 1910 and 1920 largely resulted from the heavy use of nearby forests. Agriculture, especially cotton farming, supplanted wood products, as a primary source of jobs around Garvin. The Great Depression added more economic woes. Many of the former Garvin residents moved to Idabel seeking work.[5]

References

1. "2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 28, 2020.
2. "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". United States Census Bureau. May 24, 2020. Retrieved May 27, 2020.
3. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
4. "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. 2007-10-25. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
5. Coleman, Louis. "Garvin." Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture. Accessed October 4, 2016.
6. "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
7. "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.

External links

• Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture - Garvin