Gaoyou–Shaobo Campaign

Gaoyou-Shaobo Campaign was a campaign fought at the Gaoyou and the region between Gaoyou and Shaobo (邵伯) in Jiangsu, and it was a clash between the communists and the former nationalists turned Japanese puppet regime force who rejoined the nationalists after World War II, and their Japanese ally. The campaign is also known as Gaoyou Campaign (高邮战役) for short, and it was one of the Chinese Civil War in the immediate post World War II era resulted in communist victory.

Gaoyou–Shaobo Campaign
Part of the Chinese Civil War
DateDecember 19, 1945 – December 26, 1945
Location
Jiangsu, China
Result Communist victory
Belligerents

National Revolutionary Army

Chinese Red Army
Commanders and leaders
unknown Su Yu
Tan Zhenlin
Strength
5,200 10,000+
Casualties and losses
5,200 unknown

Order of battle

Nationalist

  • 7 Regiments of 42nd Division of the former nationalists turned Japanese puppet regime force who rejoined the nationalists
  • 3 Battalions of the Japanese 90th Brigade
  • Nationalist troops stationed at Yangzhou

Communist

  • 8th Column
  • 7th Column

Campaign

The campaign begun on December 19, 1945 when Japanese and their puppet regime forces occupying Gaoyou refused to surrender to the local communist force which then decided to take the city by force. By next day, Shaobo (邵伯), the important town in the south had fallen into communist hands in the Battle of Shaobo.

Main article: Battle of Shaobo

The communist control of Shaobo (邵伯) ensured the escape route of the defenders of Gaoyou was severed, and a line of communist defense against possible nationalist reinforcement to Gaoyou from Yangzhou and Taizhou, Jiangsu had formed along the Shaobo (邵伯) – Dinggou (丁沟) regions, manned by the communist 7th Column which took the town of Shaobo (邵伯). By December 21, 1945, the communist 8th Column had taken all nationalist strongholds outside the city wall, and launched heavy political propaganda offensives against the defenders of Gaoyou while making the preparation to take the city at the same time.

In the evening of December 25, 1945, communist attackers launched their assault on the city in the heavy rain from three directions: northwest, east and south. The attackers succeeded in driving the defenders from the city wall after climbing the walls with ladders, and as the main force of the communist 8th Column fought their way into the city, the defenders were completely annihilated. By the early morning of December 26, 1945, the Japanese brigade headquarter in the city was taken and the remaining defenders consisted of mostly Japanese troops ceased their resistance and surrendered. In the meantime, the communist 7th Column also had successfully driven back the nationalist reinforcement from Yangzhou.

The nationalist forces were not very enthusiastic about reinforcing their former enemy at Gaoyou, and those from Yangzhou did not put too much fight and withdrew back to Yangzhou soon, while those nationalist troops from Taizhou, Jiangsu did not even bother to send out anyone to reinforce Gaoyou. Nonetheless, the nationalists had suffered a great debacle in winning popular support from local populace for attempting to reinforce their former enemy, the Japanese invaders and their puppet regime force. The communists, on the other hands, not only achieved a great popularity victory, but also succeeded in capturing more than 80 artillery pieces, over 6,000 firearms, and inflicted over 1,100 casualties on the Japanese, plus another 4,000+ casualties on the Japanese puppet regime force.

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See also

References
  • Zhu, Zongzhen and Wang, Chaoguang, Liberation War History, 1st Edition, Social Scientific Literary Publishing House in Beijing, 2000, ISBN 7-80149-207-2 (set)
  • Zhang, Ping, History of the Liberation War, 1st Edition, Chinese Youth Publishing House in Beijing, 1987, ISBN 7-5006-0081-X (pbk.)
  • Jie, Lifu, Records of the Libration War: The Decisive Battle of Two Kinds of Fates, 1st Edition, Hebei People's Publishing House in Shijiazhuang, 1990, ISBN 7-202-00733-9 (set)
  • Literary and Historical Research Committee of the Anhui Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, Liberation War, 1st Edition, Anhui People's Publishing House in Hefei, 1987, ISBN 7-212-00007-8
  • Li, Zuomin, Heroic Division and Iron Horse: Records of the Liberation War, 1st Edition, Chinese Communist Party History Publishing House in Beijing, 2004, ISBN 7-80199-029-3
  • Wang, Xingsheng, and Zhang, Jingshan, Chinese Liberation War, 1st Edition, People's Liberation Army Literature and Art Publishing House in Beijing, 2001, ISBN 7-5033-1351-X (set)
  • Huang, Youlan, History of the Chinese People's Liberation War, 1st Edition, Archives Publishing House in Beijing, 1992, ISBN 7-80019-338-1
  • Liu Wusheng, From Yan'an to Beijing: A Collection of Military Records and Research Publications of Important Campaigns in the Liberation War, 1st Edition, Central Literary Publishing House in Beijing, 1993, ISBN 7-5073-0074-9
  • Tang, Yilu and Bi, Jianzhong, History of Chinese People's Liberation Army in Chinese Liberation War, 1st Edition, Military Scientific Publishing House in Beijing, 1993 – 1997, ISBN 7-80021-719-1 (Volum 1), 7800219615 (Volum 2), 7800219631 (Volum 3), 7801370937 (Volum 4), and 7801370953 (Volum 5)

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