FMO2

Dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the FMO2 gene.[5][6][7]

FMO2
Identifiers
Aliases	FMO2, FMO1B1, flavin containing monooxygenase 2, flavin containing dimethylaniline monoxygenase 2
External IDs	OMIM: 603955 MGI: 1916776 HomoloGene: 86882 GeneCards: FMO2
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 1 (human)[1] Band 1q24.3 Start 171,185,249 bp[1] End 171,212,686 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 1 (mouse)[2] Band 1|1 H2.1 Start 162,874,317 bp[2] End 162,898,726 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function • oxidoreductase activity • N,N-dimethylaniline monooxygenase activity • NADP binding • flavin adenine dinucleotide binding • monooxygenase activity Cellular component • organelle membrane • endoplasmic reticulum membrane • membrane • endoplasmic reticulum • intracellular membrane-bounded organelle Biological process • drug metabolic process • xenobiotic metabolic process • toxin metabolic process • NADPH oxidation • NADP metabolic process • oxygen metabolic process • oxidation-reduction process • organic acid metabolic process Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	2327	55990
Ensembl	ENSG00000094963	ENSMUSG00000040170
UniProt	Q99518	Q8K2I3
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001301347 NM_001460 NM_001365900	NM_018881 NM_001360913 NM_001360914
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001288276 NP_001451 NP_001352829	NP_061369 NP_001347842 NP_001347843
Location (UCSC)	Chr 1: 171.19 – 171.21 Mb	Chr 1: 162.87 – 162.9 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

The flavin-containing monooxygenases are NADPH-dependent enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of many drugs and xenobiotics. In most mammals, there is a flavin-containing monooxygenase that catalyzes the N-oxidation of some primary alkylamines through an N-hydroxylamine intermediate. However, in humans, this enzyme is truncated and is probably rapidly degraded. The protein encoded by this gene represents the truncated form and apparently has no catalytic activity. A functional allele found in African Americans has been reported, but no sequence evidence has been deposited to support the finding. This gene is found in a cluster with the FMO1, FMO3, and FMO4 genes on chromosome 1.[7]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000094963 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000040170 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Dolphin CT, Shephard EA, Povey S, Smith RL, Phillips IR (Nov 1992). "Cloning, primary sequence and chromosomal localization of human FMO2, a new member of the flavin-containing mono-oxygenase family". Biochem J. 287. ( Pt 1): 261–7. PMC 1133153. PMID 1417778.
6. Dolphin CT, Beckett DJ, Janmohamed A, Cullingford TE, Smith RL, Shephard EA, Phillips IR (Dec 1998). "The flavin-containing monooxygenase 2 gene (FMO2) of humans, but not of other primates, encodes a truncated, nonfunctional protein". J Biol Chem. 273 (46): 30599–607. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.46.30599. PMID 9804831.
7. "Entrez Gene: FMO2 flavin containing monooxygenase 2 (non-functional)".

Further reading

• Hines RN, Cashman JR, Philpot RM, et al. (1994). "The mammalian flavin-containing monooxygenases: molecular characterization and regulation of expression". Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 125 (1): 1–6. doi:10.1006/taap.1994.1042. PMID 8128486.
• Lomri N, Gu Q, Cashman JR (1992). "Molecular cloning of the flavin-containing monooxygenase (form II) cDNA from adult human liver". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89 (5): 1685–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.5.1685. PMC 48517. PMID 1542660.
• Phillips IR, Dolphin CT, Clair P, et al. (1995). "The molecular biology of the flavin-containing monooxygenases of man". Chem. Biol. Interact. 96 (1): 17–32. doi:10.1016/0009-2797(94)03580-2. PMID 7720101.
• Lawton MP, Cashman JR, Cresteil T, et al. (1994). "A nomenclature for the mammalian flavin-containing monooxygenase gene family based on amino acid sequence identities". Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 308 (1): 254–7. doi:10.1006/abbi.1994.1035. PMID 8311461.
• McCombie RR, Dolphin CT, Povey S, et al. (1996). "Localization of human flavin-containing monooxygenase genes FMO2 and FMO5 to chromosome 1q". Genomics. 34 (3): 426–9. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0308. PMID 8786146.
• Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB (1997). "Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery". Genome Res. 6 (9): 791–806. doi:10.1101/gr.6.9.791. PMID 8889548.
• Whetstine JR, Yueh MF, McCarver DG, et al. (2000). "Ethnic differences in human flavin-containing monooxygenase 2 (FMO2) polymorphisms: detection of expressed protein in African-Americans". Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 168 (3): 216–24. doi:10.1006/taap.2000.9050. PMID 11042094.
• Krueger SK, Martin SR, Yueh MF, et al. (2002). "Identification of active flavin-containing monooxygenase isoform 2 in human lung and characterization of expressed protein". Drug Metab. Dispos. 30 (1): 34–41. doi:10.1124/dmd.30.1.34. PMID 11744609.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Furnes B, Feng J, Sommer SS, Schlenk D (2003). "Identification of novel variants of the flavin-containing monooxygenase gene family in African Americans". Drug Metab. Dispos. 31 (2): 187–93. doi:10.1124/dmd.31.2.187. PMID 12527699.
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
• Krueger SK, Siddens LK, Henderson MC, et al. (2005). "Haplotype and functional analysis of four flavin-containing monooxygenase isoform 2 (FMO2) polymorphisms in Hispanics". Pharmacogenet. Genomics. 15 (4): 245–56. doi:10.1097/01213011-200504000-00008. PMC 1351039. PMID 15864117.
• Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, et al. (2006). "The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1". Nature. 441 (7091): 315–21. doi:10.1038/nature04727. PMID 16710414.