Florida's 3rd congressional district

Florida's 3rd congressional district
	Florida's 3rd congressional district - since January 3, 2017.
	Ted Yoho; R–Gainesville
Area	3,844[1] sq mi (9,960 km2)
Distribution	71.27% urban[2]; 28.73% rural;
Population (2016)	732,088[3]
Median income	$47,611[3]
Ethnicity	76.27% white; 15.54% black; 9.59% Hispanic; 3.52% Asian; 0.23% Native American;
Cook PVI	R+9[4]

Florida's 3rd congressional district is an electoral district of the United States House of Representatives located in Florida. It presently comprises a large section of northernmost Florida, including the entire counties of Alachua, Clay, Putnam, Bradford, and Union, along with the majority of Marion County. The cities of Gainesville and Palatka are in the district as well as part of Ocala (its northern suburbs). Some Jacksonville suburbs such as Middleburg, Green Cove Springs, and Orange Park are also in the district.

Redistricting in Florida, effective for the 2012 federal elections, radically altered the nature of the 3rd district. From 1993 through 2012 the district called the 3rd district comprised an entirely different territory, roughly similar to the 5th district as of 2013. Likewise the present territory of the new 3rd district, as of the 2012 elections, is made up of parts of the former 2nd, 4th, 5th, and 6th districts, though it is geographically similar to the pre-2013 6th district. The former 3rd district was (and present 5th district is) an intentionally gerrymandered territory designed to unite disparate areas of northeastern Florida with significant African-American populations into a black-majority district, and was overwhelmingly Democratic in voting patterns.

The new 3rd district has a majority white population, largely in rural areas and small towns. The only cities of any size in the district are Gainesville and Ocala. The district has been represented by Republican Ted Yoho since 2013. Yoho is not running for re-election in 2020.[5]

The old 3rd district was represented from 1993 through 2012 by Corrine Brown, who was elected to the similar new 5th district in the November 2012 elections.

The 1993–2012 black majority district

The old 3rd district was a gerrymandered congressional district. The district included portions of Alachua, Clay, Duval, Lake, Marion, Orange, Putnam, Seminole, and Volusia counties.

History

While Florida has had at least three congressional districts since the 1900 U.S. Census, the 1993–2012 3rd congressional district dates to reapportionment done by the Florida Legislature after the 1990 U.S. Census. Because Florida has a large population of African Americans, but not a large enough concentration anywhere in the state to easily configure a congressional district with a majority, there were several attempts to create a few gerrymandered districts which were certain to elect an African American candidate. This created an odd coalition of black Democrats and Republicans who supported such districts (since this not only created black-majority districts, but also made "safer" Republican districts elsewhere). This effort was opposed by many white Democrats, but eventually this idea won the support of the state legislature and this district was created as a result.[6]

The 1993–2012 3rd congressional district was geographically diverse. Starting from the southern part of the district, it included the Pine Hills area of the Orlando-Kissimmee Metropolitan Area with small pockets of African-American neighborhoods in the cities of Sanford, Gainesville, Palatka, and finally the larger African American communities of Jacksonville. Connecting these areas were regions which are sparsely populated—either expansive rural areas or narrow strips which are only a few miles wide. Barack Obama received 73% of the vote in this district in the 2008 Presidential election.

General history of the district in its varying territories

Recent election results in statewide races

Current voter registration
as of October 18, 2016

Republican (198,055) (40.92%)

Democratic (178,562) (36.90%)

No Party Affiliation (95,276) (19.69%)

Year	Office	Results
1992	President	B. Clinton 52–34%
1996	President	B. Clinton 61–33%
2000	President	Gore 60–38%
2004	President	Kerry 65–35%
2008	President	Obama 73–26%
2012	President	Romney 56–40%
2016	President	Trump 56–41%

List of members representing the district

Member	Party	Years	Cong ress	Electoral history
District created March 4, 1903
William B. Lamar	Democratic	March 4, 1903 – March 3, 1909	58th 59th 60th	Elected in 1902. Re-elected in 1904. Re-elected in 1906. [data unknown/missing]
Dannite H. Mays	Democratic	March 4, 1909 – March 3, 1913	61st 62nd	[data unknown/missing]
Emmett Wilson	Democratic	March 4, 1913 – March 3, 1917	63rd 64th	[data unknown/missing]
Walter Kehoe	Democratic	March 4, 1917 – March 3, 1919	65th	[data unknown/missing]
John H. Smithwick	Democratic	March 4, 1919 – March 3, 1927	66th 67th 68th 69th	[data unknown/missing]
Tom Yon	Democratic	March 4, 1927 – March 3, 1933	70th 71st 72nd	[data unknown/missing]
Millard Caldwell	Democratic	March 4, 1933 – January 3, 1941	73rd 74th 75th 76th	[data unknown/missing]
Bob Sikes	Democratic	January 3, 1941 – October 19, 1944	77th 78th	[data unknown/missing] Resigned to enter the U.S. Army.
Vacant		October 19, 1944 – January 3, 1945	78th
Bob Sikes	Democratic	January 3, 1945 – January 3, 1963	79th 80th 81st 82nd 83rd 84th 85th 86th 87th	Re-elected in November 1944 when the President ordered all legislators on active military duty to return to Washington. Re-elected in 1946. Re-elected in 1948. Re-elected in 1950. Re-elected in 1952. Re-elected in 1954. Re-elected in 1956. Re-elected in 1958. Re-elected in 1960. Redistricted to the 1st district.
Claude Pepper	Democratic	January 3, 1963 – January 3, 1967	88th 89th	Elected in 1962. Re-elected in 1964. Redistricted to the 11th district.
Charles E. Bennett	Democratic	January 3, 1967 – January 3, 1993	90th 91st 92nd 93rd 94th 95th 96th 97th 98th 99th 100th 101st 102nd	Redistricted from the 2nd district and re-elected in 1966. Re-elected in 1968. Re-elected in 1970. Re-elected in 1972. Re-elected in 1974. Re-elected in 1976. Re-elected in 1978. Re-elected in 1980. Re-elected in 1982. Re-elected in 1984. Re-elected in 1986. Re-elected in 1988. Re-elected in 1990. Redistricted to the 4th district and retired.
Corrine Brown	Democratic	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2013	103rd 104th 105th 106th 107th 108th 109th 110th 111th 112th	Elected in 1992. Re-elected in 1994. Re-elected in 1996. Re-elected in 1998. Re-elected in 2000. Re-elected in 2002. Re-elected in 2004. Re-elected in 2006. Re-elected in 2008. Re-elected in 2010. Redistricted to the 5th district.
Ted Yoho	Republican	January 3, 2013 – present	113th 114th 115th 116th	Elected in 2012. Re-elected in 2014. Re-elected in 2016. Re-elected in 2018. Retiring in 2020.

Recent election results

2002

Florida's 3rd Congressional District Election (2002)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Corrine Brown (Incumbent)	88,462	59.29
	Republican	Jennifer Carroll	60,747	40.71
Total votes			149,209	100.00
Turnout
	Democratic hold

2004

Florida's 3rd Congressional District Election (2004)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Corrine Brown (Incumbent)	172,833	99.24
	No party	Others	1,323	0.76
Total votes			174,156	100.00
Turnout
	Democratic hold

2006

Florida's 3rd Congressional District Election (2006)
Party		Candidate	%
	Democratic	Corrine Brown (Incumbent)	100.00
Total votes			100.00
Turnout
	Democratic hold

2008

Florida's 3rd Congressional District Election (2008)
Party		Candidate	%
	Democratic	Corrine Brown (Incumbent)	100.00
Total votes			100.00
Turnout
	Democratic hold

2010

Florida's 3rd Congressional District Election (2010)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Corrine Brown (Incumbent)	94,744	63.04
	Republican	Mike Yost	50,932	33.89
	Independent	Terry Martin-Back	4,625	3.08
Total votes			150,301	100.00
Turnout
	Democratic hold

2012

Florida's 3rd Congressional District Election (2012)[7]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Ted Yoho	204,331	64.7
	Democratic	Jacques Rene Gaillot Jr.	102,468	32.5
	Independent	Philip Dodds	8,870	2.8
	Independent	Michael Ricks	0	0
Total votes			315,669	100.00
Turnout
	Republican gain from Democratic

2014

Florida's 3rd Congressional District Election (2014)[8]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Ted Yoho (Incumbent)	148,691	65.0
	Democratic	Marihelen Wheeler	73,910	32.3
	Independent	Howard Lawson	6,208	2.7
Total votes			228,809	100.00
Turnout
	Republican hold

2016

Florida's 3rd Congressional District Election (2016)[9]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Ted Yoho (Incumbent)	193,843	56.6
	Democratic	Kenneth McGurn	136,338	39.8
	Independent	Tom Wells	12,519	3.7
Total votes			342,700	100.00
Turnout
	Republican hold

2018

Florida's 3rd Congressional District Election (2018)[10]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Ted Yoho (Incumbent)	176,616	57.6
	Democratic	Yvonne Hayes Hinson	129,880	42.4
Total votes			306,496	100.00
Turnout
	Republican hold

Historical district boundaries

2013–2017
2003–2013

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References

"Congressional Plan--SC14-1905 (Ordered by The Florida Supreme Court, 2-December-2015)" (PDF). Florida Senate Committee on Reapportionment. Retrieved 11 January 2017.
Bureau, US Census. "Geography Program". The United States Census Bureau.
Center for New Media & Promotion (CNMP), US Census Bureau. "My Congressional District". www.census.gov.
"Partisan Voting Index – Districts of the 115th Congress" (PDF). The Cook Political Report. April 7, 2017. Retrieved April 7, 2017.
Akin, Stephanie (December 10, 2019). "Florida Republican Ted Yoho announces he won't seek a fifth term". Roll Call. Washington, D.C. Retrieved December 10, 2019.
Leary, Alex (14 May 2011). "Democrat U.S. Rep. Corrine Brown again aligns with GOP in Florida redistricting battle". Tampa Bay Times. Retrieved 5 August 2014.
"Florida's 3rd Congressional District elections, 2012". Ballotpedia.
"Florida's 3rd Congressional District elections, 2014". Ballotpedia.
"Florida's 3rd Congressional District election, 2016". Ballotpedia.
"Florida's 3rd Congressional District election, 2018". Ballotpedia.

Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
Congressional Biographical Directory of the United States 1774–present

External links

Rep. Corrine Brown's official House of Representatives website

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[1] "Congressional Plan--SC14-1905 (Ordered by The Florida Supreme Court, 2-December-2015)" (PDF). Florida Senate Committee on Reapportionment. Retrieved 11 January 2017.

[2] Bureau, US Census. "Geography Program". The United States Census Bureau.

[auto-3] Center for New Media & Promotion (CNMP), US Census Bureau. "My Congressional District". www.census.gov.

[Cook-4] "Partisan Voting Index – Districts of the 115th Congress" (PDF). The Cook Political Report. April 7, 2017. Retrieved April 7, 2017.

[5] Akin, Stephanie (December 10, 2019). "Florida Republican Ted Yoho announces he won't seek a fifth term". Roll Call. Washington, D.C. Retrieved December 10, 2019.

[6] Leary, Alex (14 May 2011). "Democrat U.S. Rep. Corrine Brown again aligns with GOP in Florida redistricting battle". Tampa Bay Times. Retrieved 5 August 2014.

[7] "Florida's 3rd Congressional District elections, 2012". Ballotpedia.

[8] "Florida's 3rd Congressional District elections, 2014". Ballotpedia.

[9] "Florida's 3rd Congressional District election, 2016". Ballotpedia.

[10] "Florida's 3rd Congressional District election, 2018". Ballotpedia.