Cytinus hypocistis

Cytinus hypocistis is an ant-pollinated[4] species of parasitic plant in the family Cytinaceae having four subspecies. It is found primarily in locations that surround the Mediterranean Sea,[5] and is the type for the genus Cytinus.[6] The binomial has been conserved.[6]

Cytinus hypocistis
C. hypocistis growing under a bush in leaf litter, near Fréjus in the south of France
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malvales
Family: Cytinaceae
Genus: Cytinus
Species:
C. hypocistis
Binomial name
Cytinus hypocistis
(L.) L.[1]
Subspecies[2]
  • Cytinus hypocistis subsp. hypocistis (autonym)
  • C. h. subsp. macranthus Wettst.
  • C. h. subsp. orientalis Wettst.
  • C. h. subsp. pityusensis Finschow
Synonyms[1][3]

Distribution

Cytinus hypocistis is native to Albania; Algeria; Crete; Croatia; Cyprus; Greece; France (including Corsica); Israel; Italy (including Sardinia and Sicily); Lebanon; Libya; Malta; Morocco; Portugal; Spain (including both the Balearic and Canary Islands); Syria; Tunisia; and Turkey.[5]

The subspecies macranthus is native to Portugal and western Spain; orientalis is native to southern Greece and Crete; and pityusensis is endemic to Ibiza of the Balearic Islands.[2]

Uses

Cytinus hypocistis has been used in traditional medicine to treat dysentery and tumors of the throat, and has been used for its astringent qualities.[7]

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References
  1. Under its currently accepted binomial (Cytinus hyocistis), from its basionym (Asarum hypocistis), this species was first published in Genera Plantarum Eorumque Characteres Naturales Secundum Numerum, Figuram, Situm, & Proportionem Omnium Fructificationis Partium. (Ed. 6). Stockholm. 6. 576 ["566"]. 1764. "Plant Name Details for Cytinus hypocistis". IPNI. Retrieved November 15, 2012.
  2. "Flora Europaea Search Results for hypocistis and Cytinus". Flora Europaea. Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh. Retrieved November 15, 2012.
  3. This species, originally as Asarum hypocistis, was first described and published in Species Plantarum 1: 442. 1753. "Plant Name Details for Asarum hypocistis". IPNI. Retrieved November 15, 2012.
  4. Clara de Vega; Montserrat Arista; Pedro L. Ortiz; Carlos M. Herrera; Salvador Talavera (May 2009). "The ant-pollination system of Cytinus hypocistis (Cytinaceae), a Mediterranean root holoparasite". Annals of Botany. 103 (7): 1065–1075. doi:10.1093/aob/mcp049. PMC 2707910. PMID 19258337.
  5. "Cytinus hypocistis". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved November 15, 2012.
  6. "Name - !Cytinus L." Tropicos. Saint Louis, Missouri: Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved November 15, 2012. T: Cytinus hypocistis (L.) L.; annotation: nom. cons.
  7. James A. Duke. "Cytinus hypocistis (RAFFLESIACEAE)". Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases. Archived from the original on September 23, 2015. Retrieved November 15, 2012.


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