Croughton, Northamptonshire

Croughton is a village and civil parish in the South Northamptonshire district of Northamptonshire, England, about 3 miles (5 km) southwest of Brackley. The 2011 Census recorded the parish's population as 992.[1]

Not to be confused with Croughton, Cheshire.

Croughton

All Saints' parish church
Croughton
Location within Northamptonshire
Population992 (2011 Census)
OS grid referenceSP544335
• London68 miles (109 km) SE
Civil parish
  • Croughton
District
Shire county
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townBrackley
Postcode districtNN13
Dialling code01869
PoliceNorthamptonshire
FireNorthamptonshire
AmbulanceEast Midlands
UK Parliament
WebsiteCroughton Parish Council

The village is on the B4031 road about 390 feet (120 m) above sea level, on the south side of an east–west ridge. The parish is 1 1⁄2 miles (2.4 km) wide east–west and 2 1⁄2 miles (4 km) wide north–south. Its southern boundary is Ockley Brook, which also forms part of the county boundary with Oxfordshire. Ockley Brook is a tributary of the River Cherwell. Croughton is Northamptonshire's second most southerly village, second only to neighbouring Aynho.

Place-name

No single pronunciation of the place-name predominates. Residents pronounce its first syllable to rhyme with either "thou" or "crow" (i.e. /ˈkraʊtən/ or /ˈkroʊtən/).

The Domesday Book of 1086 records the name as Creveltone and Criweltone. 12th-century versions include Crouelton, followed by Craulton and Crewelton in a pipe roll of 1198, and Croulton in an Assize Roll of 1202. It is derived from Old English. Crawil or krawil may mean "fork". Two streams flow either side of the village, converging just southwest of it and then joining Ockley Brook. Hence "Croughton" may mean "town in the fork of a river".[2]

Archaeology

About 1 mile (1.6 km) north of the village is the site of a Roman settlement.[3] It is a scheduled monument.[4]

Parish church

The oldest parts of the Church of England parish church of All Saints are 12th-century Norman. They include the arch of the west tower and the three-bay north arcade. The south arcade, also of three bays, is 13th-century Early English Gothic. In the 14th century new windows were inserted, the clerestory and north and south porches were added. The font was Romanesque but was re-cut in the 14th or 15th century. The pulpit is 17th-century. All Saints is a Grade I listed building.[5][6]

In the 14th century a series of murals was painted inside the church including numerous scenes from the life of Jesus and a Doom painting. The wall paintings were painted over during the Reformation in the 16th century, but were rediscovered in 1921 and restored in 1960.[7]

The west tower of All Saints has a ring of five bells. All were cast and hung by John Taylor & Co of Loughborough in 1923.[8]

In All Saints' churchyard southeast of the chancel are the base and broken shaft of a Medieval stone cross.[9] An historic elm reputedly stood in the churchyard for 800 years. It is believed to have died of Dutch elm disease in the 1970s, but its demise was in the early 1900s.

RAF Croughton
Main article: RAF Croughton

RAF Croughton is partly in the parish, about 2 miles (3 km) southeast of the village. It was a Royal Air Force training base and emergency landing field from 1939 until 1950, when it was transferred to the United States Air Force for use as a communications centre.

The Blackbird pub

Amenities

Croughton All Saints Primary School is in the High Street of the village.[10]

The village has a pub, the Blackbird.

Notable people
gollark: Yes, it would be possible to link to and from that.
gollark: No.
gollark: Maybe also stuff like discussion of apioforms in an easier to link to way?
gollark: Indeed, horse.
gollark: Anyway, what sort of *uses* would Apioforum have? Long term documentation things? Deployment of bee?

References
  1. "Croughton Parish". Local Area Report for areas in England and Wales. nomis. Retrieved 2 January 2020.
  2. Ekwall 1960, Croughton
  3. RCHME 1982, p. 38.
  4. Historic England. "Roman settlement 600m north east of Rowler (1013950)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 2 January 2019.
  5. Pevsner & Cherry 1973, p. 170.
  6. Historic England. "Church of All Saints  (Grade I) (1192503)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 2 January 2020.
  7. Pevsner & Cherry 1973, p. 171.
  8. Dawson, George (2 September 2017). "Croughton All Saints". Dove's Guide for Church Bell Ringers. Central Council for Church Bell Ringers. Retrieved 2 January 2020.
  9. Historic England. "Cross approximately 7 metres south west of the Church of All Saints  (Grade II) (1040540)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 2 January 2020.
  10. Croughton All Saints CofE Primary School
  11. Whellan 1874, p. 476.

Bibliography
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