Chhatarpur
Chhatarpur is a city and a municipality in Chhatarpur district in the state of Madhya Pradesh, India. It is the administrative headquarters of Chhatarpur District.
Chhatarpur City of Chhatrasal | |
|---|---|
City | |
  Chhatarpur  Chhatarpur | |
| Coordinates: 24.63°N 79.5°E | |
| Country | India |
| State | Madhya Pradesh |
| District | Chhatarpur |
| Founded by | Maharaja Chhatrasal |
| Named for | Chhatrasal |
| Area | |
| • Total | 78 km2 (30 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 305 m (1,001 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 1,42,476 |
| • Density | 2,554/km2 (6,610/sq mi) |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Bundelkhandi Hindi |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 471001 |
| Telephone code | 07682 |
| Vehicle registration | MP-16 |
| Sex ratio | 920 ♂/♀ |
| Website | chhatarpur |
History
Chhatarpur was founded in 1785 and is named after the Bundela Rajput leader Chhatrasal, the founder of Bundelkhand independence, and contains his cenotaph. The state was ruled by his descendants until 1785. At that time the Ponwar clan of the Rajputs took control of Chhatarpur. The state was guaranteed to Kunwar Sone Singh Ponwar[1] in 1806 by the British Raj. In 1854 Chhatarpur would have lapsed to the British government for want of direct heirs under the doctrine of lapse, but was conferred on Jagat Raj as a special act of grace. The Ponwar Rajas ruled a princely state with an area of 1,118 square miles (2,900 km2), and population of 156,139 in 1901, which was part of the Bundelkhand agency of Central India.
In 1901 the town of Chhatarpur had a population of 10,029, a high school and manufactured paper and coarse cutlery. The state also contained the British cantonment of Nowgong.[2]
Rajas
- 1785–1816 Kunwar Sone Shah (d. 1816)
- 1816–1854 Partab Singh (d. 1854)
- 1854–1867 Jaghat Singh (b. 1846 – d. 1867)
- 1867–1895 Vishvanath Singh (b. 1866 – d. 1932)
Maharajas
- (4 May 1649 – 20 December 1731) Maharaja Chhatrasal
- 1895–1932 Vishvanath Singh (b. 1866 – d. 1932)
- 1932–1947 Bhawani Singh (b. 1921 – d. 2006)[3]
After the independence of India in 1947, the Rajas of Chhatarpur acceded to India, and Chhatarpur, together with the rest of Bundelkhand, became part of the Indian state of Vindhya Pradesh. Vindhya Pradesh was later merged into the state of Madhya Pradesh in 1956.
Geography
Chhatarpur is located at 24.9°N 79.6°E.[4] It has an average elevation of 305 metres (1,000 feet). It is located on the far north-east border of Madhya Pradesh.It is 133 km from Jhansi in Uttar Pradesh and 233 km from Gwalior in Madhya Pradesh.
Climate
Chhatarpur has humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cwa) with hot summers, a somewhat cooler monsoon season and cool winters. Heavy rainfall occurs in the monsoon season from June to September.
| Climate data for Chhatarpur | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 32.3 (90.1) |
35.0 (95.0) |
39.1 (102.4) |
42.8 (109.0) |
45.0 (113.0) |
47.0 (116.6) |
40.0 (104.0) |
35.3 (95.5) |
38.1 (100.6) |
36.0 (96.8) |
34.6 (94.3) |
30.6 (87.1) |
47.0 (116.6) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 24.5 (76.1) |
26.7 (80.1) |
32.2 (90.0) |
37.8 (100.0) |
40.6 (105.1) |
37.2 (99.0) |
30.2 (86.4) |
28.6 (83.5) |
30.4 (86.7) |
31.6 (88.9) |
28.7 (83.7) |
25.1 (77.2) |
31.1 (88.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 17.3 (63.1) |
19.9 (67.8) |
25.3 (77.5) |
30.6 (87.1) |
33.5 (92.3) |
31.4 (88.5) |
26.7 (80.1) |
25.6 (78.1) |
26.3 (79.3) |
25.9 (78.6) |
22.4 (72.3) |
18.3 (64.9) |
25.3 (77.5) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 10.2 (50.4) |
13.0 (55.4) |
18.3 (64.9) |
23.3 (73.9) |
26.3 (79.3) |
25.4 (77.7) |
23.2 (73.8) |
22.5 (72.5) |
22.1 (71.8) |
20.2 (68.4) |
16.0 (60.8) |
11.5 (52.7) |
19.3 (66.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 1.0 (33.8) |
4.9 (40.8) |
9.8 (49.6) |
14.3 (57.7) |
18.3 (64.9) |
18.1 (64.6) |
19.9 (67.8) |
16.6 (61.9) |
17.0 (62.6) |
12.1 (53.8) |
9.1 (48.4) |
1.2 (34.2) |
1.0 (33.8) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 25 (1.0) |
10 (0.4) |
9 (0.4) |
3 (0.1) |
5 (0.2) |
92 (3.6) |
321 (12.6) |
400 (15.7) |
179 (7.0) |
27 (1.1) |
13 (0.5) |
10 (0.4) |
1,094 (43) |
| Average rainy days | 2.3 | 2.3 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 1.9 | 9.6 | 16.5 | 19.7 | 10.0 | 2.2 | 0.9 | 1.2 | 67.6 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 49 | 43 | 32 | 25 | 29 | 55 | 81 | 86 | 75 | 52 | 43 | 49 | 52 |
| Source: NOAA (1971-1990)[5] | |||||||||||||
Demographics
As of 2011 India census,[6] Chhatarpur had a population of 147 669. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Chhatarpur has an average literacy rate of 69%, higher than the national average of 59.5%; with male literacy of 75% and female literacy of 62%. 15% of the population is under 6 years of age.
Economy
There is no large scale industry in Chhatarpur apart from a few small scale industries available, but these industries are not sufficient for giving enough employment to local people. The economy is mostly dependent on farming. The city however, has a growing private commercial sector, mainly retail businesses. There are many granite mining industries operating in Chhatarpur district.
Most depend for their livelihood on farming. This region is in a drought-affected area, so the whole district faces a water crisis for farming and potable drinking water.
Administration
Chhatarpur Police is a Law enforcing unit of MP Police which protects the world heritage "Khajuraho Group of Monuments". The district is divided into 5 police subdivisions, with 34 Police Stations and 21 outposts.
Education
India's largest chain schooling kendriya vidyalaya chhatarpur is situated at mahoba road near rto office
Most of the colleges in Chhatarpur district are affiliated to Maharaja Chhatrasal Bundelkhand University, Chhatarpur. They offer graduate and post-graduate courses in the faculties of Arts, Science, Commerce, Education and Law. Government Maharaja P.G. College, Government Girls P.G. College and Digital Institute of Science & Technology are the premier institutions of graduate and post-graduate education in the city. Christian English College is the only CISCE- affiliated school of the city. Swami Pranawanand Homeopathic Medical College is affiliated to Madhya Pradesh Medical Science University, Jabalpur.
Transportation
Chhatarpur can be reached by road and railway. Chhatarpur station started in 2017. Chhatarpur has railway station named Maharaja chhatrasal station Chhatarpur, MCSC. There are direct trains to Jhansi, Bhopal, Indore, and Ujjain. The nearest railway stations are at Khajuraho (45 km), Lalitpur Junction railway station (135 km) Harpalpur (55 km) Jhansi (125 km), Mauranipur (65 km) and Satna (140 km). The nearest airport is Khajuraho Civil Aerodrome, located 45 km away[7] but has limited number of flights. The nearest major airport with flights to Delhi, Mumbai and Kolkata is Kanpur Airport 190 km away.
Radio and television station
Chhatarpur has got its own radio station of All India Radio (आकाशवाणी) under Prasar Bharati. It transmits at 675 kHz. Chhatarpur also has a Doordarshan's Hi power transmitter for TV which is located at Deri Road.
Tourism
- Khajuraho
- Dhubela, a museum 15 km from Chhatarpur
- Jatashankar, a holy place near Bijawar
- Bhimkund, a natural water tank and a holy place near Bajna
- Gangau dam, a huge structure built at the confluence of two rivers, namely the Simiri River and Ken River (a prominent river of Bundelkhand), near Khajuraho, around 18 km away.
- Raneh Falls, the only waterfall in Asia having igneous rock. It is around 17 km from Khajuraho
- Hanuman Tauria, a Hanuman temple
- Bambar Baini, Ancient temple of maa Durga on a hill in Lavkushnagar
- Panna National Park, near Panna district
- Pandav Falls, close to Khajuraho, Pandavas said to have sought shelter here during exile
- Hanuman Mandir, temple of Hanuman on a hill in Lavkushnagar
References
- Archived 23 June 2008 at the Wayback Machine
- Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica. 6 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 116.
- "Indian states before 1947 A-J". Rulers.org. Retrieved 3 January 2014.
- "Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Chhatarpur". Fallingrain.com. Retrieved 3 January 2014.
- "Sagar Climate Normals 1971-1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 22 December 2012.
- "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 16 June 2004. Retrieved 1 November 2008.
- "Great Circle Mapper". Retrieved 1 January 2016.
Bibliography
- J. R. Ackerley, Hindoo Holiday, NYRB Classics, ISBN 978-0-940322-25-7
