Chelone (plant)

Chelone is a genus of four[1] species of perennial herbaceous plants native to eastern North America.[1][2] They all have similarly shaped flowers (which led to the name turtlehead due to their resemblance to the head of a turtle), which vary in color from white to red, purple or pink.[1] Chelone cuthbertii, C. glabra, and C. lyonii are diploid and C. obliqua is either tetraploid or hexaploid, depending on their slight differences in morphology and localities.[1]

"Chelone (genus)" redirects here. For the turtle genus, see Cheloniidae.

Chelone
Chelone glabra
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Plantaginaceae
Tribe: Cheloneae
Genus: Chelone
L.
Species
Chelone lyonii
Chelone obliqua

Relationships to other plants

The closest relative of Chelone is Nothochelone from western North America.[1] [3] [6] Nothochelone nemerosa is the species most closely related to the genus [3] [6]. Chelone is more closely related to it than to other members of the family such as snapdragons, plantains, and foxglove.[3]

Species

Chelone cuthbertii is found in two areas: the Blue Ridge of North Carolina and the coastal plain of Virginia.[1] [5] [6]

Chelone glabra is the most widely distributed species of the genus: from Georgia to Newfoundland and from Mississippi to Manitoba;[4] [5] [6] the other three are found in more restricted areas.

Chelone lyonii is found in the Blue Ridge of Tennessee, North Carolina, and South Carolina.[1] [5] [6]

Chelone obliqua is found as tetraploids in the Blue Ridge, or hexaploids in two areas: Tennessee to Arkansas and Michigan, or the Atlantic coastal plain from South Carolina to Maryland.[1] [5] [6]

The relationship between the different populations is complicated and it appears that C. obliqua in fact has arisen several times from diploid ancestors of the other three species.[1] [5] [6] The four species seem to have diverged recently.[1] [5] [6]

gollark: I believe it can be relatively fast if you keep recent information of where all the satellites are cached or something.
gollark: Relatedly, apparently GPS can reach sub-metre accuracy now, which is very impressive.
gollark: You would have to detect and correct for it.
gollark: Weird turbulence stuff could happen though?
gollark: I figure that with good acceleration/rotation data, knowledge of initial velocity and stuff (GPS should work when it's out of the atmosphere, right?), and rough knowledge of what the trajectory is you could get it to somewhat work.

References
  1. Allan D. Nelson; Wayne J. Elisens (1999). "Polyploid evolution and biogeography in Chelone (Scrophulariaceae): morphological and isozyme evidence". American Journal of Botany. Botanical Society of America. 86 (10): 1487–1501. doi:10.2307/2656929. JSTOR 2656929. PMID 10523288.
  2. "Chelone". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA.
  3. Olmstead, R. G.; dePamphilis, C. W.; Wolfe, A. D.; Young, N. D.; Elisons, W. J. & Reeves P. A. (2001). "Disintegration of the Scrophulariaceae". American Journal of Botany. Botanical Society of America. 88 (2): 348–361. doi:10.2307/2657024. JSTOR 2657024. PMID 11222255.
  4. "Chelone glabra". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA.
  • Media related to Chelone at Wikimedia Commons
  • Data related to Chelone at Wikispecies
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