Caesium azide

Caesium azide or cesium azide is an inorganic compound of caesium and azide with the formula CsN
3.

Caesium azide
Names
IUPAC name
caesium azide
Other names
cesium azide
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.041.072
EC Number
  • 245-196-0
Properties[1]
CsN3
Molar mass 174.926 g/mol
Appearance colorless needles
Density 3.5 g/cm3
Melting point 310 °C (590 °F; 583 K)
224.2 g/100 mL (0 °C)
Structure[2]
tetragonal
I4/mcm, No. 140
a = 6.5412 Å, c = 8.0908 Å
4
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Structure

CsN
3 adopts the same structure as KN
3, RbN
3, and TlN
3, crystallizing in a tetragonal distorted caesium chloride structure where each azide ion coordinates to eight metal cations, and each metal cation coordinates to eight terminal N centers.[2] When heated to 151 °C, it transitions to a cubic structure.[3]

Coordination sphere of azide in KN
3, RbN
3, CsN
3, TlN
3.

.

Preparation and reactions

Caesium azide can be prepared from the neutralization reaction between hydrazoic acid and caesium hydroxide:[4]

CsOH + HN
3 → CsN
3 + H
2O

Caesium carbonate can also be used as the base:

Cs
2CO
3 + HN
3 → CsN
3 + CO
2 + H
2O

The thermal decomposition of CsN
3 in vacuo can be used as a method of generating high purity caesium metal:[5]

2CsN
3 → 2Cs + 3N
2

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References
  1. Perry, Dale L. Handbook of Inorganic Compounds. CRC Press. p. 110. ISBN 978-1-4398-1461-1.
  2. Müller, Ulrich (1972). "Verfeinerung der Kristallstrukturen von KN3, RbN3, CsN3 und TIN3". Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie 1972. 392 (2): 159–166. doi:10.1002/zaac.19723920207.
  3. McIntyre, J.E. (ed.). Dictionary of Inorganic Compounds Volume 3: C46 – Zr. Chapman & Hill. p. 3096. ISBN 0-412-30120-2.
  4. Steudel, R.; Schenk, P. W. "Stickstoff". In Brauer, Georg (ed.). Handbuch der Präparativen Anorganischen Chemie, 3. Auflage, Band I. p. 458. ISBN 3-432-02328-6.
  5. Blatter, Fritz; Schumacher, Ernst (15 January 1986). "Production of high purity caesium". Journal of the Less Common Metals. 115 (2): 307–313. doi:10.1016/0022-5088(86)90153-0.
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