TVOntario

TVOntario (often abbreviated as TVO and stylized on-air as tvo) is a publicly funded English-language educational television network and media organization serving the Canadian province of Ontario. It is operated by the Ontario Educational Communications Authority (OECA), a Crown corporation owned by the Government of Ontario. It operates flagship station CICA-DT (virtual and UHF digital channel 19) in Toronto, which also relays programming across portions of Ontario through eight rebroadcast stations. All pay television (cable, satellite, IPTV) providers throughout Ontario are required to carry TVO on their basic tier, and programming can be streamed for free online.

TVOntario
TypeEducational television network
BrandingTVO
Country
Canada
First air date
September 27, 1970 (1970-09-27)
SloganNever Stop Learning
TV transmitterssee below
Broadcast area
province-wide Ontario
OwnerOntario Educational Communications Authority
ParentGovernment of Ontario
See below
CallsignsCICA
CICO
Callsign meaning
CICA: CI Communications Authority
CICO: CI Communications Ontario
Official website
tvo.org
LanguageEnglish

Governance, funding and other responsibilities

TVO is governed by a volunteer Board of Directors, and supported by a network of Regional Councillors from across the province. TVO also reports to the Ontario legislature through the Minister of Education, in accordance with the Ontario Educational Communications Authority Act.

Instead of following the model of the federally owned Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC)'s television services, which shows commercial advertisements, TVO chose a commercial-free model similar to the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) in the United States. (In fact, various TVO productions wound up being aired on PBS.) This model was emulated by later provincial educational broadcasters Télé-Québec in Quebec and Knowledge Network in British Columbia. The majority of TVO's funding is provided by the Government of Ontario through the Ministry of Education, which provides $39 million annually, with additional funding provided by charitable donations.[1]

TVO is also responsible for over-the-air broadcasts of the Ontario Legislative Assembly in some remote Northern Ontario communities that do not receive cable television access to the Ontario Parliament Network.

In 2002, the Ministry of Education transferred responsibility for the Independent Learning Centre, the agency which provides distance education at the elementary and secondary school level to TVO.

TVO used to operate TFO (Télévision française de l'Ontario), a separate but similar network for Franco-Ontarian audiences. Before the launch of TFO, TVO aired French-language programming on Sundays. Even after TFO's launch, TVO and TFO swapped programming on Sundays well into the 1990s. TFO was separated from TVO and was incorporated under the newly formed GroupeMédia TFO, a separate Crown corporation of the Government of Ontario, in 2007.

In 2017 and 2018, TVOntario launched four regional "hubs", featuring journalism on issues in the various regions of Ontario, on its website.[2] Hubs are currently based in Thunder Bay for the Northwestern Ontario region, Sudbury for Northeastern Ontario, Kingston for Eastern Ontario, and London for Southwestern Ontario.[3] In 2019, the service also launched an Indigenous hub to cover First Nations issues throughout the province.[4]

Distribution

TVO is Canada's oldest educational television service. It established the country's first UHF television station in 1970, based in Toronto.[5] TVO used to have the largest over-the-air coverage in Ontario, reaching 98.5% of the province with 216 transmitters; however this is no longer the case as the broadcaster shuttered the majority of its analogue transmitters except those located in some mandatory markets, which were converted to digital in 2011 (see "Digital television and high definition" below). TVO is carried on all cable systems serving Ontario (the alternative choice for those viewers in area that has been served by one of the service's defunct analogue transmitters). On satellite systems in Ontario, it is available in standard definition only on Bell Satellite TV on channel 265 and on Shaw Direct on 353 (on its Classic tier) or 55 (on its Advanced tier), and in high definition on channel 39 (Classic) or 539 (Advanced).

The main transmitter in Toronto uses the call sign CICA-DT, with its rebroadcasters using CICO-DT followed by a number to denote their status as rebroadcasters. Many analogue transmitters used CICA-TV and CICO-TV callsigns, in addition to CICE-TV, until the shutdown of TVO's remaining analogue transmitters on July 31, 2012.

TVO's transmitters are primarily located in Ontario, with the only exception being its Ottawa transmitter, CICO-DT-24, which is based at Camp Fortune in Chelsea, Quebec. There, it shares its site with its Quebec counterpart, Télé-Québec, and with most of the region's television and FM radio signals.

From the 1970s through the 1990s, TVO ran top-of-the-hour bumpers where an announcer would mention the channel allocation of the service's flagship station in Toronto, along with an allocation for one of its rebroadcast transmitters: "This is TVOntario. Channel 19 in Toronto, channel XX in (city or town)."

Carriage dispute

On June 6, 2012, TVO dropped its signal from cable and satellite providers outside Ontario, due to a carriage dispute over compensation for distributing its signal to its subscribers outside the province. The network reached an agreement with Vidéotron, and then entered negotiations with Shaw Communications and Telus, but failed to reach an agreement with Bell Canada. TVO cited that: "...we believe that we have a responsibility to earn revenues from the sale of our service outside of our home province. TVO is willing to consent to cable and satellite distributors carrying our signal outside the province, provided that we're fairly compensated. Since cable or satellite distributors receive subscriber revenues driven by having TVO as part of their offering, we feel it's reasonable to be compensated. Unfortunately, we could not come to an agreement with Bell to compensate TVO for carrying our signal outside of Ontario, and the decision was made to cease offering our signal outside of Ontario."[6] As a result, the only cable and satellite customers outside Ontario that can still view TVO are on the Quebec side of the Ottawa–Gatineau market.

It is unknown if the dispute or carriage restrictions also apply to the few cable systems in the United States that carry TVO.[7]

History

1970s
Logo of the Ontario Educational Communications Authority by Burton Kramer, 1970

The Ontario Educational Communications Authority (OECA) was created in June 1970 by then Education Minister Bill Davis. At that time, the OECA produced children's and educational programming which was aired on commercial television stations.

The CBC, acting on behalf of OECA, applied for and won a licence for the ministry's television station in Toronto. CICA, with the mandate of "[using] electronic and associated media to provide educational opportunities for all people in Ontario". The "CA" in the CICA callsign was derived from the last two letters in the OECA acronym. CBC operated the CICA transmitter while the OECA was in charge of programming. OECA assumed all operations of the station, independent of the CBC, when the provincial government declared the Authority an independent corporation in a 1973 Order-in-Council.

TVOntario logo, 1975–1992, by Dick Derhodge

CICA signed on the air on September 27, 1970, operating at a radiated power of 423,000 watts video and 84,600 watts audio. Its studio facilities were located at 1670 Bayview Avenue (a five-storey office building that is still standing) and its 550 feet (170 m) transmitter antenna was located at 354 Jarvis Street on the CBC tower. In 1972, the station moved its operations to a new studio facility at 2180 Yonge Street, where it remains.[8] The station's broadcast name was "OECA", sharing the name of its parent organization, but began using the on-air brand "TVOntario" (and later just TVO) beginning in 1974.

In the latter half of the 1970s, the network began adding rebroadcast transmitters in other Ontario communities. Its first rebroadcast transmitter, CICO (now CICO-24), signed on from Ottawa on October 25, 1975.

1980s-1990s
TVO logo, 1992–2006

In 1987, TVO launched La Chaîne française, a French-language public television network which became TFO in 1994. In 1995, the Ontario government under Mike Harris promised to privatize TVO. They never carried through on this plan, but did cut its budget.

2000s
TVO logo, 2006–2015

The positions of chair and CEO were divided in 2005. Film producer Peter O'Brian was appointed chairman and Lisa de Wilde became CEO. On June 29, 2006, the provincial Ministry of Education announced a major overhaul of TVO: its production capabilities would be upgraded to fully digital systems by 2009 (ministry funding would be allocated for this); and TFO would be spun off into a separate organization.[9]

Moreover, programming changes were announced later that day: thirteen hours of new weekly children's educational programming was added, Studio 2 was replaced by The Agenda, and More to Life and Vox were cancelled.[10] The move to digitize services represents a transition; The Globe and Mail quoted TVO CEO Lisa de Wilde saying "while television will remain an important medium for TVO, the days of defining ourselves as only a broadcaster are past."[11]

In 2002, the Independent Learning Centre, which is responsible for distance education at the elementary and secondary school level, and for GED testing, was transferred from the Ministry of Education to TVO.[12]

Chairs and CEOs

The positions of Chair of the Board and CEO were divided in 2005

Chairs

CEO

Programming
Further information: List of programs broadcast by TVOntario and TVOKids

TVO airs a mixture of original children's programming, documentaries, scripted dramas, and public affairs programs.

Children's programming is aired daily during a daytime television block branded as TVOKids, with the remainder programming aired during primetime and night time hours for adult viewers. Scripted dramas are typically foreign imports, past selections include the Danish political drama Borgen and the British police procedural New Tricks. TVO's first original drama series was Hard Rock Medical, a medical drama set in Sudbury, which aired from 2013 to 2018. Public affairs programming includes the flagship daily current affairs show The Agenda and an overnight rebroadcast of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario's Question Period from the Ontario Parliament Network.

All TVO programming is aired in English or in another language with English subtitles. French-language programs were previously shown on Sundays, from noon until sign-off, for the benefit of Franco-Ontarian viewers. The establishment of French counterpart network TFO led to the discontinuation of French-language programming on TVO by the mid-1990s.

Former programming

Earlier in TVO's history, all dramatic programming was required to have some educational content. Therefore actors, journalists or writers were hired to provide commentary on shows aired by TVO that would place them within an educational context. For instance Tom Grattan's War was bookmarked by segments hosted by Andrea Martin that would use scenes from the series to discuss filmmaking techniques. Episodes of The Prisoner were hosted by journalist Warner Troyer whose segments included interviews with the actors and a discussion of various psychological, philosophical or sociological themes regarding the series.[13] Similarly Doctor Who was hosted by science fiction author Judith Merril who would discuss each week's episode to explore various themes in science and science fiction. Saturday Night at the Movies continued to follow this format long after the requirement was dropped because of the popularity of its host, Elwy Yost.

Digital television

Digital channel
Channel number Resolution Aspect ratio PSIP short name Programming
xx.11080i16:9TVOTV Ontario

Analogue-to-digital conversion
TVO HD logo from 2010 to 2015

In August 2010, TVO began broadcasting in high-definition via a direct-to-cable HD feed. TVO commenced over-the-air HD broadcasting in August 2011, in compliance with the CRTC regulations. Except for Belleville, Chatham and Cloyne, TVO's transmitters are located within mandatory markets for conversion. Not all digital transmitters are currently broadcasting in high definition.

The Belleville, Chatham and Cloyne transmitters were converted to digital on new frequencies (but without high-definition, an on-channel program guide or other DTV-specific features), as channels 52 to 69 were being reallocated for wireless communication purposes. The conversion of these transmitters took place before TVO's announcement to close down its analogue transmitter network outside the mandatory markets.

Transmitters
Station City of licence Virtual
channel		 RF
channel		 ERP HAAT Transmitter coordinates
CICA-DT Toronto 19.1 19 (UHF) 106.5 kW 491.0 m 43°38′33″N 79°23′14″W
CICO-DT-9 Thunder Bay 9.1 9 (VHF) 4.5 kW 218.7 m 48°33′2″N 89°13′25″W
CICO-DT-18 London 18.1 18 (UHF) 2.4 kW 316.0 m 42°57′16″N 81°21′17″W
CICO-DT-24 Ottawa 24.1 24 (UHF) 95 kW 340.7 m 45°30′9″N 75°50′59″W
CICO-DT-28 Kitchener 28.1 28 (UHF) 20.2 kW 289.5 m 43°15′41″N 80°26′41″W
CICO-DT-32 Windsor 19.1 19 (UHF) 19 kW 214.3 m 42°9′12″N 82°57′11″W
CICO-DT-53 Belleville 26.1 26 (UHF) 13 kW 188.6 m 44°18′45″N 77°12′24″W
CICO-DT-59 Chatham 33.1 34 (UHF) 1 kW 218.5 m 42°27′0″N 82°4′59″W
CICO-DT-92 Cloyne 55.1 44 (UHF) 12 kW 168.7 m 44°52′42″N 77°11′50″W

On January 25, 2017, TVO announced it would be shutting down eight of its nine remaining digital transmitters, leaving only CICA-DT at Toronto's CN Tower in operation to maintain their current license.[14] CEO Lisa de Wilde announced that shutting down the transmitters would save the broadcaster an estimated $1 million per year, but would also lay off seven transmitter maintenance jobs.[15] Critics of the decision, including the group Friends of Canadian Broadcasting, said that the changes would affect people who have no other options for accessing content.[16]

On February 14, TVO formally applied to the CRTC to remove its eight transmitters outside Toronto from service.[17]

In response to feedback from the towns and cities affected by the planned shutdown, as well as TVO donors and other groups, TVO reversed its decision to shut down the transmitters on February 17.[18] According to TVO, the Government of Ontario agreed to increase TVO's annual funding by $1 million to offset the amount that would have been saved by shutting down the transmitters.[19]

On April 17, 2020, the CRTC granted TVO permission to decrease its Chatham transmitter's maximum effective radiated power (ERP) from 2,250 to 1,000 watts. Even though this would reduce over-the-air access to viewers in the Chatham area, the CRTC approved TVO's request so that it could "reduce the costs associated with the required channel change by re-using its existing antenna" as part of Canada's 600 MHz spectrum repack. TVO announced it would make the change as of May 1, 2020.[20]

Former transmitters
TVO staff shuttering Sudbury analogue antenna

On July 31, 2012, TVO permanently shut down its remaining 114 analogue transmitters (14 full-power and 100 low-power) without converting them to digital; these were in areas of Ontario not considered "mandatory markets" for digital conversion by the CRTC.[21] In many cases, TVO rebroadcasters were operating from CBC-owned transmitter sites and were shut down along with the CBC's analogue transmitters. Where TVO owned sites, it provided local communities the option of taking ownership of the towers and transmitters.[22]

Low-power transmitters
Station City of licence Channel ERP HAAT Transmitter coordinates CRTC Decision/Notes
CICA-TV-56 Alberton 7 (VHF) 0.01 kW NA 48°36′44″N 93°31′1″W
CICO-TV-30 Angling Lake 9 (VHF) 0.005 kW NA 53°50′41″N 89°31′40″W
CICO-TV-90 Armstrong 13 (VHF) 0.01 kW NA 50°18′11″N 89°2′14″W 87-39
CICA-TV-1 Aroland 10 (VHF) 0.005 kW NA 50°13′39″N 86°57′28″W
CICA-TV-90 Attawapiskat 10 (VHF) 0.01 kW NA 52°55′48″N 82°25′28″W
CICE-TV-19 Barclay Township (north) 13 (VHF) 0.01 kW NA 49°50′1″N 92°48′8″W 91-845
CICO-TV-17 Barclay Township (south) 30 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 49°47′34″N 92°44′36″W 85-851
CICA-TV-57 Barwick 21 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 48°39′1″N 93°59′3″W
CICO-TV-82 Batchawana Bay 17 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 46°55′55″N 84°36′5″W
CICA-TV-82 Beardmore 11 (VHF) 0.01 kW NA 49°36′10″N 87°57′26″W
CICA-TV-47 Bearskin Lake 9 (VHF) 0.005 kW NA 53°55′28″N 90°58′1″W 84-47
CICA-TV-40 Belle Vallée 34 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 47°39′5″N 79°35′31″W
CICA-TV-84 Bergland 7 (VHF) 0.01 kW NA 48°56′36″N 94°23′41″W
CICA-TV-66 Big Trout Lake 8 (VHF) 0.01 kW NA 53°49′26″N 89°52′35″W 91-1
CICO-TV-97 Birch Island 56 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 46°4′3″N 81°46′29″W 88-788
CICE-TV-13 Brethour 22 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 47°42′34″N 79°34′1″W
CICO-TV-64 Britt 15 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 45°46′47″N 80°33′5″W 86-363
CICA-TV-43 Bruce Mines 24 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 46°18′8″N 83°46′49″W
CICA-TV-72 Caramat 10 (VHF) 0.005 kW NA 49°36′40″N 86°9′3″W
CICA-TV-2 Cartier 17 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 46°42′6″N 81°32′55″W
CICA-TV-30 Cat Lake 9 (VHF) 0.005 kW NA 51°43′12″N 91°48′56″W
CICO-TV-83 Chamberlain 61 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 47°53′58″N 79°56′43″W
CICO-TV-21 Charlton 43 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 47°48′35″N 80°0′49″W
CICA-TV-31 Coleman 38 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 47°22′42″N 79°44′18″W
CICA-TV-32 Collins 8 (VHF) 0.005 kW NA 50°17′41″N 89°26′45″W
CICA-TV-20 Constance Lake 13 (VHF) 0.01 kW NA 49°48′23″N 84°8′38″W
CICO-TV-98 Coppell 14 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 49°32′7″N 83°50′22″W
CICO-TV-65 Dack 59 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 47°48′42″N 79°55′12″W
CICA-TV-8 Deer Lake 9 (VHF) 0.005 kW NA 52°37′8″N 94°2′52″W
CICO-TV-66 Desbarats 42 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 46°20′47″N 83°55′35″W
CICA-TV-62 Devlin 43 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 48°37′13″N 93°40′17″W
CICA-TV-33 Dobie 16 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 48°7′55″N 79°49′23″W
CICA-TV-48 Dorion 6 (VHF) 0.01 kW NA 48°47′8″N 88°33′40″W
CICO-TV-99 Eagle Lake 27 32 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 49°43′50″N 93°3′12″W
CICA-TV-88 Eagle River 11 (VHF) 0.01 kW NA 49°47′28″N 93°11′33″W
CICA-TV-11 Ear Falls 3 (VHF) 0.01 kW NA 50°38′24″N 93°13′59″W
CICA-TV-34 Earlton 31 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 47°42′37″N 79°49′23″W
CICA-TV-35 Elk Lake 17 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 47°43′50″N 80°19′52″W
CICA-TV-76 Emo 8 (VHF) 0.01 kW NA 48°38′2″N 93°50′21″W
CICA-TV-36 Englehart 39 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 47°49′30″N 79°52′21″W
CICO-TV-46 Eton-Rugby 26 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 49°52′47″N 93°0′18″W
CICA-TV-67 Eva Lake 6 (VHF) 0.01 kW NA 48°45′0″N 91°13′1″W
CICE-TV-20 Evansville 24 (UHF) 0.04 kW NA 45°47′2″N 82°34′6″W
CICO-TV-67 Evanturel 57 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 47°47′55″N 79°49′18″W
CICA-TV-92 Fauquier 29 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 49°18′23″N 82°2′12″W
CICA-TV-24 Foleyet 11 (VHF) 0.01 kW NA 48°14′23″N 82°26′24″W
CICA-TV-58 Fort Albany 5 (VHF) 0.01 kW NA 52°12′30″N 81°41′11″W
CICA-TV-25 Fort Hope 9 (VHF) 0.005 kW NA 51°33′17″N 87°54′11″W
CICA-TV-59 Fort Severn 9 (VHF) 0.005 kW NA 55°59′36″N 87°37′30″W
CICO-TV-33 Gogama 17 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 47°40′45″N 81°43′21″W
CICA-TV-21 Gore Bay 28 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 45°55′12″N 82°27′53″W
CICO-TV-77 Goulais River 28 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 46°43′13″N 84°22′56″W 86-734
CICA-TV-37 Gowganda 10 (VHF) 0.01 kW NA 47°39′19″N 80°46′22″W
CICO-TV-34 Grassy Narrows 18 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 50°9′24″N 93°59′39″W
CICO-TV-47 Gull Bay 15 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 49°48′16″N 89°6′24″W
CICO-TV-68 Hallam 55 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 46°14′49″N 81°50′8″W
CICA-TV-3 Hallebourg 18 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 49°40′0″N 83°30′42″W
CICA-TV-41 Hanbury 51 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 47°35′40″N 79°40′25″W
CICA-TV-14 Harris 29 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 47°31′1″N 79°36′33″W
CICA-TV-93 Harty 53 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 49°28′35″N 82°40′48″W
CICO-TV-22 Hawk Junction 24 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 48°5′16″N 84°33′43″W
CICO-TV-96 Hawkesbury 48 (UHF) 10 kW 100 m 45°30′7″N 74°41′16″W
CICO-TV-23 Heron Bay 17 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 48°37′32″N 86°16′5″W
CICA-TV-4 Hilliardton 55 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 47°43′28″N 79°41′43″W
CICA-TV-5 Hilton Beach 17 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 46°15′18″N 83°53′46″W
CICA-TV-15 Hudson 25 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 47°32′17″N 79°48′3″W
CICA-TV-89 Hudson (Kenora) 19 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 50°5′28″N 92°10′11″W
CICA-TV-13 Huntsville 13 (VHF) 31.9 kW 181.7 m 45°15′46″N 79°21′45″W
CICA-TV-26 Ignace 5 (VHF) 0.01 kW NA 49°24′56″N 91°39′47″W
CICA-TV-9 Iron Bridge 23 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 46°16′46″N 83°13′0″W
CICA-TV-81 Jellicoe 6 (VHF) 0.005 kW NA 49°41′12″N 87°31′42″W
CICE-TV-23 Kaboni 24 (UHF) 0.04 kW NA 45°40′15″N 81°45′31″W
CICA-TV-16 Kagawong 34 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 45°54′16″N 82°15′29″W
CICO-TV-84 Karalash Corners 41 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 46°46′12″N 84°21′22″W
CICA-TV-27 Kasabonika 9 (VHF) 0.005 kW NA 53°31′50″N 88°36′36″W
CICO-TV-78 Kashabowie 15 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 48°39′11″N 90°26′57″W
CICE-TV-17 Kashechewan 2 (VHF) 0.005 kW NA 52°17′30″N 81°38′23″W
CICE-TV-21 Keewaywin 2 (VHF) 0.005 kW NA 53°0′33″N 92°48′0″W
CICO-TV-35 Kejick Bay 3 (VHF) 0.005 kW NA 50°17′34″N 92°18′6″W
CICO-TV-69 Kenabeek 56 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 47°38′23″N 79°58′24″W
CICO-TV-70 Kenogami 15 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 48°6′51″N 80°12′52″W
CICO-TV-91 Kenora 44 (UHF) 123.03 kW 157.8 m 49°42′8″N 94°47′15″W
CICO-TV-1 Kerns 46 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 47°36′18″N 79°48′11″W
CICO-TV-85 Killarney 44 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 45°58′18″N 81°30′45″W
CICA-TV-17 King Kirkland 32 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 48°9′11″N 79°57′21″W
CICA-TV-68 Kingfisher Lake 8 (VHF) 0.005 kW NA 53°1′55″N 89°49′1″W
CICO-TV-38 Kingston 38 (UHF) 171.79 kW 180.4 m 44°17′25″N 76°28′42″W
CICE-TV-18 Kirby's Corner 30 (UHF) 0.04 kW NA 46°42′49″N 84°16′39″W
CICO-TV-43 Kitigan 17 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 49°23′5″N 82°19′7″W
CICE-TV-25 Lac La Croix 12 (VHF) 0.005 kW NA 48°22′36″N 92°9′55″W
CICO-TV-2 Lac-Ste-Therese 20 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 49°47′30″N 83°39′10″W
CICO-TV-3 Laird 15 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 46°23′52″N 84°4′24″W
CICO-TV-50 Lake Helen 21 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 49°1′43″N 88°14′45″W
CICO-TV-25 Lansdowne House 8 (VHF) 0.005 kW NA 52°13′13″N 87°53′13″W
CICA-TV-38 Larder Lake 24 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 48°6′4″N 79°42′52″W
CICA-TV-39 Latchford 24 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 47°19′52″N 79°48′40″W
CICO-TV-71 Lee Valley 49 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 46°12′24″N 81°56′20″W
CICA-TV-22 Little Current 33 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 45°58′55″N 81°55′57″W
CICA-TV-71 Longlac 5 (VHF) 0.01 kW NA 49°46′38″N 86°31′41″W
CICA-TV-83 Macdiarmid 5 (VHF) 0.005 kW NA 49°26′15″N 88°7′50″W
CICE-TV-1 Mackenzie 36 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 48°31′54″N 88°56′51″W
CICO-TV-86 Madawaska 16 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 45°30′5″N 77°59′8″W
CICA-TV-44 Manitowaning 40 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 45°44′15″N 81°48′52″W
CICA-TV-60 Marten Falls 9 (VHF) 0.005 kW NA 51°38′13″N 85°56′27″W
CICA-TV-53 Massey 24 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 46°12′37″N 82°4′38″W 84-99
CICA-TV-61 Matachewan 32 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 47°56′23″N 80°38′6″W
CICA-TV-94 Mattice 9 (VHF) 0.01 kW NA 49°36′25″N 83°15′45″W
CICO-TV-93 McArthur's Mills (Bancroft) 42 (UHF) 140.6 kW 149.4 m 45°5′18″N 77°38′49″W
CICE-TV-2 Michipicoten River 39 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 47°56′14″N 84°49′5″W
CICO-TV-54 Minaki 10 (VHF) 0.01 kW NA 49°59′40″N 94°40′7″W
CICA-TV-54 Mindemoya 42 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 45°43′49″N 82°11′36″W
CICA-TV-65 Mine Centre 8 (VHF) 0.01 kW NA 48°45′37″N 92°37′16″W
CICO-TV-72 Missanabie 18 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 48°18′41″N 84°4′58″W
CICA-TV-95 Moonbeam 35 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 49°20′32″N 82°8′43″W
CICA-TV-91 Moosonee 11 (VHF) 0.01 kW NA 51°16′29″N 80°38′39″W
CICA-TV-64 Morson 11 (VHF) 0.01 kW NA 49°5′46″N 94°19′27″W
CICO-TV-36 Muskrat Dam 8 (VHF) 0.005 kW NA 53°24′15″N 91°46′9″W
CICO-TV-5 Nairn 28 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 46°20′6″N 81°34′59″W
CICA-TV-80 Nakina 11 (VHF) 0.01 kW NA 50°10′43″N 86°42′23″W
CICA-TV-79 Nestor Falls 13 (VHF) 0.01 kW NA 49°8′13″N 93°55′26″W
CICO-TV-6 New Osnaburg 5 (VHF) 0.005 kW NA 51°13′57″N 90°14′1″W
CICA-TV-74 Nipigon 32 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 49°0′58″N 88°15′54″W
CICA-TV-6 North Bay 6 (VHF) 95 kW 203.3 m 46°3′46″N 79°26′4″W
CICO-TV-79 North Branch 18 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 48°52′5″N 94°10′55″W
CICO-TV-37 North Spirit Lake 9 (VHF) 0.005 kW NA 52°30′32″N 93°0′55″W
CICE-TV-10 Northwest Angle LR 3 10 (VHF) 0.01 kW NA 49°21′55″N 95°1′6″W
CICA-TV-69 Oba 11 (VHF) 0.005 kW NA 49°3′33″N 84°6′34″W
CICA-TV-96 Opasatika 47 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 49°31′39″N 82°51′23″W
CICA-TV-12 Owen Sound 12 (VHF) 125 kW 134 m 44°26′39″N 81°2′37″W
CICO-TV-39 Oxdrift 22 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 49°48′50″N 92°58′23″W
CICE-TV-11 Parry Sound 42 (UHF) 7.57 kW 107.1 m 45°23′24″N 80°2′20″W
CICE-TV-15 Pays Plat 23 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 48°53′3″N 87°33′25″W 91-3
CICO-TV-56 Pearl 19 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 48°39′37″N 88°39′44″W
CICE-TV-3 Peawanuck 5 (VHF) 0.01 kW NA 55°0′46″N 85°25′22″W
CICE-TV-16 Pembroke 29 (UHF) 119.4 kW 188 m 45°50′2″N 77°9′49″W
CICA-TV-51 Penetanguishene 51 (UHF) 136.8 kW 184.7 m 44°46′10″N 79°59′24″W
CICO-TV-74 Peterborough 18 (UHF) 781.62 kW 284.4 m 44°7′15″N 78°8′10″W
CICO-TV-51 Pic Mobert 18 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 48°41′24″N 85°38′28″W
CICA-TV-75 Pickle Lake 11 (VHF) 0.01 kW NA 51°28′5″N 90°11′11″W
CICA-TV-70 Pikangikum 9 (VHF) 0.005 kW NA 51°48′27″N 93°59′37″W
CICA-TV-86 Pinewood 12 (VHF) 0.01 kW NA 48°42′49″N 94°18′13″W
CICE-TV-24 Pointe au Baril 23 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 45°35′36″N 80°22′51″W
CICO-TV-40 Poplar Hill 8 (VHF) 0.005 kW NA 52°6′3″N 94°18′12″W
CICE-TV-4 Prince Township 29 (UHF) 0.02 kW 15.3 m 46°31′35″N 84°32′7″W
CICO-TV-26 Providence Bay 48 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 45°40′37″N 82°16′15″W
CICO-TV-80 Quibell 31 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 49°57′32″N 93°25′33″W
CICO-TV-73 Rainy Lake 17 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 48°51′31″N 93°34′21″W
CICO-TV-57 Rainy Lake 27 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 48°42′26″N 93°56′38″W
CICA-TV-77 Rainy River 4 (VHF) 0.01 kW NA 48°43′15″N 94°33′46″W
CICO-TV-41 Red Lake 15 (UHF) 0.1 kW NA 51°1′5″N 93°50′6″W
CICA-TV-49 Redditt 5 (VHF) 0.01 kW NA 49°58′48″N 94°23′30″W
CICO-TV-75 Richards Landing 34 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 46°16′47″N 84°2′2″W
CICO-TV-58 Rossport 18 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 48°50′8″N 87°31′13″W
CICO-TV-7 Ryland 16 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 49°42′42″N 83°48′0″W
CICE-TV-5 Sabaskong Bay 32 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 49°10′15″N 93°55′40″W
CICA-TV-50 Sachigo Lake 9 (VHF) 0.005 kW NA 53°52′8″N 92°10′19″W
CICA-TV-52 Sandy Lake 8 (VHF) 0.01 kW NA 53°3′25″N 93°19′39″W
CICO-TV-20 Sault Ste. Marie 20 (UHF) 6.1 kW 198.1 m 46°35′42″N 84°21′3″W
CICA-TV-63 Savant Lake 10 (VHF) 0.005 kW NA 50°15′30″N 90°42′1″W
CICO-TV-60 Savard 19 (UHF) 0.04 kW NA 47°50′48″N 80°4′59″W
CICO-TV-8 Searchmont 22 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 46°46′39″N 84°3′2″W
CICO-TV-87 Seine River 19 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 48°43′13″N 92°25′37″W
CICE-TV-7 Shakespeare Township 14 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 46°17′31″N 81°52′40″W
CICO-TV-48 Shebandowan 17 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 48°37′29″N 90°4′2″W
CICO-TV-27 Shoal Lake 19 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 49°37′37″N 95°5′53″W
CICO-TV-10 Silver Water 20 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 45°51′30″N 82°51′16″W
CICA-TV-85 Sioux Lookout 2 (VHF) 0.01 kW NA 50°6′17″N 91°55′10″W
CICA-TV-78 Sioux Narrows 10 (VHF) 0.01 kW NA 49°24′25″N 94°5′36″W
CICE-TV-14 Slate Falls 15 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 51°9′42″N 91°35′2″W
CICE-TV-8 South Gillies 33 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 48°14′24″N 89°41′57″W
CICA-TV-23 Spring Bay 46 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 45°43′56″N 82°19′14″W
CICA-TV-73 Stratton 19 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 48°40′56″N 94°9′50″W
CICO-TV-19 Sudbury 19 (UHF) 285 kW 171.9 m 46°25′29″N 81°0′53″W
CICA-TV-45 Sultan 11 (VHF) 0.01 kW NA 47°35′37″N 82°45′30″W
CICO-TV-81 Summer Beaver 12 (VHF) 0.005 kW NA 52°45′1″N 88°30′48″W
CICO-TV-11 Tehkummah 49 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 45°39′28″N 81°59′54″W
CICO-TV-12 Temagami North 23 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 47°6′52″N 79°47′18″W
CICA-TV-19 Temagami 36 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 47°3′51″N 79°47′47″W
CICO-TV-31 Temiskaming Shores 42 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 47°32′24″N 79°40′19″W
CICA-TV-46 Thessalon 27 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 46°15′30″N 83°33′23″W
CICO-TV-13 Thornloe 40 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 47°39′54″N 79°45′39″W
CICA-TV-7 Timmins 7 (VHF) 141.3 kW 197.7 m 48°28′12″N 81°17′49″W
CICO-TV-95 Tobermory 49 (UHF) 0.05 kW NA 45°15′10″N 81°39′46″W
CICO-TV-42 Upsala 11 (VHF) 0.01 kW NA 49°3′8″N 90°29′26″W
CICO-TV-14 Val Cote 21 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 49°38′37″N 83°24′4″W
CICA-TV-97 Val Rita 25 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 49°26′47″N 82°32′19″W
CICA-TV-87 Vermilion Bay 7 (VHF) 0.01 kW NA 49°51′24″N 93°23′9″W
CICA-TV-98 Virginiatown 36 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 48°7′55″N 79°35′7″W
CICE-TV-9 Wabigoon Lake 21 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 49°37′9″N 92°28′37″W
CICO-TV-29 Wabigoon 18 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 49°43′44″N 92°36′41″W
CICO-TV-44 Walford 32 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 46°12′17″N 82°15′26″W
CICO-TV-88 Warren 21 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 46°26′36″N 80°18′23″W
CICO-TV-45 Watten 23 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 48°41′32″N 93°13′45″W
CICA-TV-99 Weagamow Lake 9 (VHF) 0.005 kW NA 52°56′52″N 91°20′57″W
CICA-TV-28 Webequie 9 (VHF) 0.005 kW NA 52°59′8″N 87°21′23″W
CICO-TV-15 West Bay 29 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 45°49′57″N 82°9′43″W
CICO-TV-16 Wharncliffe 28 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 46°25′15″N 83°24′7″W
CICA-TV-42 Whitefish Bay 19 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 49°24′19″N 93°57′31″W
CICA-TV-55 Whitefish Falls 27 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 46°7′0″N 81°44′19″W
CICO-TV-89 Whitney 21 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 45°29′41″N 78°13′47″W
CICO-TV-63 Wikwemikong 53 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 45°47′53″N 81°43′36″W
CICO-TV-94 Wild Goose 20 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 48°29′50″N 89°3′29″W
CICA-TV-29 Wunnummin Lake 9 (VHF) 0.005 kW NA 52°56′13″N 89°17′41″W


Medium-power transmitters
Station City of licence Channel ERP HAAT Transmitter coordinates CRTC Decision/Notes
CICO-TV-96 Hawkesbury 48 (UHF) 10 kW 100 m 45°30′7″N 74°41′16″W
CICA-TV-13 Huntsville 13 (VHF) 31.9 kW 181.7 m 45°15′46″N 79°21′45″W
CICE-TV-11 Parry Sound 42 (UHF) 7.57 kW 107.1 m 45°23′24″N 80°2′20″W
CICA-TV-6 North Bay 6 (VHF) 95 kW 203.3 m 46°3′46″N 79°26′4″W
CICO-TV-20 Sault Ste. Marie 20 (UHF) 6.1 kW 198.1 m 46°35′42″N 84°21′3″W

High-power transmitters
Station City of licence Channel ERP HAAT Transmitter Coordinates CRTC Decision/Notes
CICO-TV-93 McArthur's Mills (Bancroft) 42 (UHF) 140.6 kW 149.4 m 45°5′18″N 77°38′49″W 87-510
CICA-TV-89 Hudson (Kenora) 19 (UHF) 0.02 kW NA 50°5′28″N 92°10′11″W
CICO-TV-38 Kingston 38 (UHF) 171.79 kW 180.4 m 44°17′25″N 76°28′42″W
CICA-TV-12 Owen Sound 12 (VHF) 125 kW 134 m 44°26′39″N 81°2′37″W
CICE-TV-16 Pembroke 29 (UHF) 119.4 kW 188 m 45°50′2″N 77°9′49″W
CICA-TV-51 Penetanguishene 51 (UHF) 136.8 kW 184.7 m 44°46′10″N 79°59′24″W
CICO-TV-74 Peterborough 18 (UHF) 781.62 kW 284.4 m 44°7′15″N 78°8′10″W
CICO-TV-19 Sudbury 19 (UHF) 285 kW 171.9 m 46°25′29″N 81°0′53″W
CICA-TV-7 Timmins 7 (VHF) 141.3 kW 197.7 m 48°28′12″N 81°17′49″W
gollark: ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌
gollark: ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌
gollark: ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌
gollark: ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌
gollark: ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌

References
  1. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on February 22, 2018. Retrieved June 1, 2017.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link);TVO.org;
  2. "TVO receives $2M donation to fund new Ontario journalism Hubs". TVOntario, January 11, 2017.
  3. "TVO to launch new Northeastern and Eastern Ontario Hubs by January 2018 to expand in-depth, on-the-ground regional journalism". TVOntario, November 3, 2017.
  4. "TVO welcomes new Ontario Hubs journalist covering Indigenous issues and perspectives". TVOntario, February 11, 2019.
  5. Keast, Ron. "Educational Broadcasting in Canada - A Brief Overview" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on September 21, 2007. Retrieved January 8, 2008.. See page 10.
  6. "TVO pulled from cable, satellite outside Ontario". fagstein.com. June 6, 2012. Archived from the original on November 11, 2017. Retrieved March 28, 2018.
  7. Such as Comcast's cable system serving southern Oakland County, Michigan, per channel listings at zap2it.com, zip:"48067".
  8. "Canadian Communications Foundation - Fondation Des Communications Canadiennes". broadcasting-history.ca. Archived from the original on October 9, 2016. Retrieved March 28, 2018.
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  12. History of ILC Archived June 21, 2006, at the Wayback Machine, accessdate=2008-01-24
  13. "Patrick McGoohan Interview". cultv.co.uk. Archived from the original on April 13, 2008. Retrieved March 28, 2018.
  14. "TVO Decommissions 8 over-the-air Transmitters". TVO News. TVOntario. January 25, 2017. Archived from the original on February 17, 2017. Retrieved February 16, 2017.
  15. Globeman, Danny (February 1, 2017). "TVO dropping over-the-air transmission outside Toronto". CBC News. Archived from the original on February 17, 2017. Retrieved February 16, 2017.
  16. Pilieci, Vito (February 2, 2017). "TVO to end over-the-air broadcast signals for every Ontario city - except Toronto". The Windsor Star. Archived from the original on February 8, 2017. Retrieved February 16, 2017.
  17. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on June 13, 2017. Retrieved February 15, 2017.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  18. "TVO changes tune, keeps over-the-air transmission outside Toronto". CBC News. February 17, 2017. Archived from the original on February 17, 2017. Retrieved February 17, 2017.
  19. "TVO's 8 over-the-air transmitters will continue to send signals". TVO News. TVOntario. February 17, 2017. Archived from the original on February 18, 2017. Retrieved February 17, 2017.
  20. Broadcasting Decision CRTC 2020-126
  21. Broadcasting Decision CRTC 2012-414 Archived May 31, 2013, at the Wayback Machine TVO (CICA-TV Toronto) – Licence amendment to remove all analog transmitters, CRTC, July 27, 2012
  22. "CACTUS - Tens of thousands of Canadians to lose free access to CBC TV July 31". www.newswire.ca. Archived from the original on June 3, 2013. Retrieved March 28, 2018.
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