British Aerospace ATP

The British Aerospace ATP (Advanced Turbo-Prop) is an airliner produced by British Aerospace, introduced in the 1980s as an evolution of the Hawker Siddeley HS 748. The fuel crisis and increasing worries about aircraft noise led business planners at British Aerospace to believe that there was a market for a short-range, low-noise, fuel-efficient turboprop aircraft. By the time it entered the market, the segment was already well represented by designs such as the de Havilland Canada Dash 8, ATR 42 and ATR 72 and production was ended after only 65 examples.

ATP
West Air Sweden ATP
Role Airliner
National origin United Kingdom
Manufacturer British Aerospace
First flight 6 August 1986
Introduction 1988
Status Active service
Produced 1988–1996
Number built 65
Developed from Hawker Siddeley HS 748

Design and development

The airframe of the HS 748 was redesigned with a lengthened 26.01 metres (85.3 ft) fuselage and a 30.62 metres (100.5 ft) wing span. Minor modifications were made to the nose and tail shapes; and smaller windows on a shorter pitch than the 748's were used. The 748's twin Rolls-Royce Dart engines were replaced with Pratt & Whitney Canada PW126 fuel efficient engines. A custom-designed, slow-turning, six-blade propeller was developed by Hamilton Standard.

The aircraft first flew in August 1986 and entered service with British Midland in 1988. The type has an advanced electronic flight instrument system flight deck, and has a good short-field performance. In addition to these virtues, it is also very quiet upon take off. The only U.S. operator of the ATP in scheduled passenger service was Air Wisconsin flying as United Express on behalf of United Airlines via a code sharing agreement.

In total 65 aircraft were assembled and flown at BAe's Woodford and Prestwick facilities with the manufacture of the airframe and wings undertaken at Chadderton. Production ended at Prestwick in 1996. The ATP can accommodate between 64 and 72 passengers depending on the seat configuration.

In 2001 the ATP Freighter project allowed six ATPs to be converted into cargo aircraft for West Air Sweden. Using a modification of the HS 748 freight door, the ATPF can carry 30% more cargo than its predecessor with a 10% increase in running costs. The ATPF made its first flight from West Air Sweden's facility in Lidköping on 10 July 2002.

An ATP in service with SATA Air Açores seen at Lajes Field in April 2009

As of December 2018, 20 aircraft remain in commercial service as cargo aircraft with West Air Sweden (15), Deraya (2) and EnComm (3).[1][2]

Variants

Several ATP variants were proposed and produced for civil and military use:

Jetstream 61

The British Aerospace Jetstream 61 was an improved derivative of the ATP. It featured an interior based on the Jetstream 41 with innovative cabin wall armrests and an increase in capacity from 64 to 70 seats. In addition the airframe incorporated more powerful PW127 engines and increased weights and range.

For Farnborough, the original prototype ATP (serial number 2001) was re-painted in a J61 scheme and re-registered G-PLXI (LXI being the Roman numeral for 61. The first flight of a proper J61 aircraft was by 2064 G-JLXI on 10 May 1994 from Prestwick. Four airframes were produced as Jetstream 61s, 2065 being the only other to have flown before British Aerospace's regional airliner manufacturing operations were merged with ATR as Aero International (Regional) on 26 January 1995. With the already highly successful ATR 72 now part of the same product range the Jetstream 61 was immediately cancelled with all four airframes being scrapped at Prestwick.

Maritime ATP

This was a variant for use in military naval operations, with a surveillance radar under the forward fuselage, nose-mounted FLIR and internal sonar buoys. A suite of special crew stations also featured, as did a choice of up to six weapon pylons under the wings and fuselage. The Maritime ATP was later known as the BAe P.132. None were built.

ATP-AEW

The AEW was a 1986 proposal for an Airborne Early Warning aircraft for Australia, with two EMI Skymaster radars in nose and tail radomes, similar in appearance to the Nimrod AEW.3. None were built.

Operators
Sun Air of Scandinavia, a British Airways franchise, in 2006

Current operators

Former operators
A British Airways ATP at Dublin Airport in May 1994

Notable accidents and incidents
  • On 19 April 1997 Merpati Nusantara Airlines Flight 106 lost control at 2000 feet on approach to Tanjung Pandan-Buluhtumbang Airport in Indonesia. 15 people died and 43 survived the crash of Flight 106, making it the second worst air accident involving an ATP
  • On 11 December 1999 SATA Air Açores Flight 530 crashed into mountain on the Sao Jorge Island, Açores, Portugal on a short haul flight. All 35 passengers and crew on board died in the crash. The accident was the worst air accident involving the ATP. Official cause: The crew got disorientated in the midst of low clouds over the island of S. Jorge and made a CFIT.

Specifications

Data from Jane's All the World's Aircraft, 1988–1989[5]

General characteristics

  • Crew: 2
  • Capacity: 64 passengers + 2 flight attendants
  • Length: 26.00 m (85 ft 4 in)
  • Wingspan: 30.63 m (100 ft 6 in)
  • Height: 7.14 m (23 ft 5 in)
  • Wing area: 78.3 m2 (843 sq ft) [6]
  • Empty weight: 13,595 kg (29,972 lb)
  • Max takeoff weight: 22,930 kg (50,552 lb)
  • Fuel capacity: 6,364 L (1,400 imp gal; 1,681 US gal)
  • Powerplant: 2 × Pratt & Whitney Canada PW126 turboprops, 1,978 kW (2,653 shp) each
  • Propellers: 6-bladed BAe/Hamilton Standard, 4.19 m (13 ft 9 in) diameter

Performance

  • Cruise speed: 496 km/h (308 mph, 268 kn) at 4,575 m (15,010 ft)
  • Range: 1,825 km (1,134 mi, 985 nmi) with 64 passengers
  • Ferry range: 4,070 km (2,530 mi, 2,200 nmi)
  • Service ceiling: 7,600 m (25,000 ft) (max operating altitude)[7]
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See also

Related development

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

Related lists

References
  1. "British-Aerospace BAe-ATP Production List". Archived from the original on 20 June 2010.
  2. "World Airline Census 2018". Flightglobal.com. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
  3. Thisdell and Seymour Flight International 30 July −5 August 2019, p. 35.
  4. "Biman Bangladesh introduces ATP". Flight International. Vol. 138 no. 4244. 28 November – 4 December 1990. ISSN 0015-3710. Archived from the original on 29 October 2013.
  5. Taylor 1988, pp. 283–284
  6. Taylor 1996, p. 262
  7. "Type Certificate Data Sheet No. A27NM: BAE Systems Model ATP: Issue 5" (PDF). Federal Aviation Administration. 29 July 2011. Retrieved 22 September 2019.
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