Bhojiwood

Bhojpuri cinema, Bhojwood or Bhojiwood refers to the Indian Bhojpuri language film industry based in Uttar Pradesh and Bihar, India.[1]

Indian cinema

The first Bhojpuri talkie film, Ganga Maiyya Tohe Piyari Chadhaibo, was released in 1963 by Vishwanath Shahabadi. The 80s saw the release of many notable as well as run-of-the-mill Bhojpuri films like Bitia Bhail Sayan, Chandwa ke take Chakor, Hamar Bhauji, Ganga Kinare Mora Gaon and Sampoorna Tirth Yatra. Bhojpuri cinema has grown in recent years. The Bhojpuri film industry is now a ₹2000 crore industry.[2] Bhojpuri movies are seen across various parts of North America, Europe, and Asia where second and third generation migrants still speak the language, as well as in Guyana, Trinidad and Tobago, Suriname, Fiji, Mauritius, and South Africa, which has a large Bhojpuri population.[3]

Overview

Bhojpuri, often considered a dialect of Hindi, originates in western Bihar and eastern Uttar Pradesh in northern India. Speakers of it and its creoles are found in many parts of the world, including the United States, the United Kingdom, Fiji, Guyana, Mauritius, South Africa, Suriname, and Trinidad and Tobago, and The Netherlands. During the late 1800s and early 1900s, many colonizers faced labor shortages due to the abolition of slavery; thus, they imported many Indians, many from Bhojpuri-speaking regions, as indentured servants to labor on plantations. Today, some 200 million people in the Caribbean, Oceania, and North America who speak Bhojpuri as a native or second language.[4]

History

In the 1960s, the first president of India, Rajendra Prasad, who hailed from Bihar, met Bollywood actor Nazir Hussain and asked him to make a movie in Bhojpuri, which eventually led to the release of the first Bhojpuri film in 1963.[5] Bhojpuri cinema's history begins with the well-received film Ganga Maiyya Tohe Piyari Chadhaibo ("Mother Ganges, I will offer you a yellow sari"), which was produced by Biswanath Prasad Shahabadi under the banner of Nirmal Pictures and directed by Kundan Kumar.[6] Throughout the following decades, films were produced in fits and starts. Bidesiya ("Foreigner", 1963, directed by S. N. Tripathi) and Ganga ("Ganges", 1965, directed by Kundan Kumar) were profitable and popular, but in general Bhojpuri films were not commonly produced in the 1960s and 1970s.

In the 1980s, enough Bhojpuri films were produced to tentatively make up an industry. Films such as Mai ("Mom", 1989, directed by Rajkumar Sharma) and Hamar Bhauji ("My Elder Brother's Wife", 1983, directed by Kalpataru) continued to have at least sporadic success at the box office. Nadiya Ke Paar is a 1982 Hindi-Bhojpuri blockbuster directed by Govind Moonis and starring Sachin, Sadhana Singh, Inder Thakur, Mitali, Savita Bajaj, Sheela David, Leela Mishra and Soni Rathod. However, this trend faded out by the end of the decade. By 1990, the nascent industry seemed to be completely finished.[7]

The industry took off again in 2001 with the Silver Jubilee hit Saiyyan Hamar ("My Sweetheart", directed by Mohan Prasad), which shot its hero, Ravi Kissan, to superstardom.[8] This was quickly followed by several other remarkably successful films, including Panditji Batai Na Biyah Kab Hoi ("Priest, tell me when I will marry", 2005, directed by Mohan Prasad) and Sasura Bada Paisa Wala ("My father-in-law, the rich guy", 2005). In a measure of the Bhojpuri film industry's rise, both of these did much better business in the states of Bihar and Uttar Pradesh than mainstream Bollywood hits at the time. Both films, made on extremely tight budgets, earned back more than ten times their production costs.[9] Sasura Bada Paisa Wala introduced Manoj Tiwari, formerly a well-loved folk singer, to the wider audiences of Bhojpuri cinema. In 2008, he and Ravi Kissan were the leading actors of Bhojpuri films, and their fees increase with their fame. The extremely rapid success of their films has led to dramatic increases in Bhojpuri cinema's visibility, and the industry now supports an awards show[10] and a trade magazine, Bhojpuri City,[11] which chronicles the production and release of what are now over 100 films per year.

Many of the major stars of mainstream Bollywood cinema, including Amitabh Bachchan, have recently worked in Bhojpuri films. Mithun Chakraborty's Bhojpuri debut Bhole Shankar, released in 2008, is considered the biggest Bhojpuri hit of all time.[12] Also in 2008, a 21-minute diploma Bhojpuri film by Siddharth Sinha, Udedh Bun (Unravel) was selected for world premiere at the Berlin International Film Festival.[13] Later it won the National Film Award for Best Short fiction Film.[14][15]

Bhojpuri poet Manoj Bhawuk has written a history of Bhojpuri cinema.[16] Bhawuk is widely known as "Encyclopedia of Bhojpuri Cinema".

In February 2011, a three-day film and cultural festival in Patna marking 50 years of Bhojpuri cinema, opened Ganga Maiyya Tohe Piyari Chadhaibo the first Bhojpuri film. The first Bhojpuri Reality Film "Dhokha" is under production under banner Om Kaushik Films is about to be nominated and screened in different International Film Festivals under direction Of Rashmi Raj Kaushik Vicky and Renu Chaudhary.[17]

Notable people

Notable personalities of the Bhojpuri film industry include:

Film producers

Film directors

Screenwriters

Actors
Main article: List of Bhojpuri cinema actors

Apart from these regular actors, many Bollywood actors like Amitabh Bachchan, Abhishek Bachchan, Ajay Devgn, Rahul Roy, Dharmendra, Kader Khan, Mithun Chakraborty, Jackie Shroff, and Raj Babbar, Rahul Dev, have acted in Bhojpuri movies.[18][19]

Actresses
Main article: List of Bhojpuri cinema actresses

Apart from these regular actresses, many Bollywood actresses like Aruna Irani, Hema Malini, Jaya Bachchan, Juhi Chawla, Rati Agnihotri and Shilpa Shetty are also featured in Bhojpuri movies.[18]

Singers
Main article: List of Bhojpuri singers

Apart from these regular Bhojpuri singers, famous Bollywood singers such as Lata Mangeshkar, Asha Bhosle, Usha Mangeshkar, Geeta Dutt, Anuradha Paudwal, Alka Yagnik, Kavita Krishnamurthy, Sonu Nigam and Udit Narayan are featured.

Notable films
Main article: List of Bhojpuri films
Year Film Cast
1962 Ganga Maiyya Tohe Piyari Chadhaibo Nazir Hussain, Kumkum
1963 Laagi Nahi Chhute Ram Nazir Hussain, Kumkum
Bidesiya Sujit Kumar
1965 Bhouji
1966 Loha Singh
1971 Dher Chalaki Jinkara
1976 Daku Rani Ganga
1978 Amar Suhagin
1979 Balam Pardesia
1981 Chanwa Ke Take Chakor
Saiyan Magan Pahelwani Mein
Saiyan Tore Karan
1982 Nadiya Ke Paar Sachin, Sadhana Singh
1983 Hamar Bhauji
Chukti Bhar Senur
1988 Roos Gailen Saiyen Hamaar
2008 Pratigya Dinesh Lal Yadav, Pawan Singh
2010 Devra Bada Satawela Pawan Singh, Ravi Kishan, Pradeep Pandey ("Chintu")
2011 Deswa Ajay Kumar, Aarti Puri
2011 Elaan Joginder Tiwari, Rahul Roy, Manoj Tiwari, Gajendra Chauhan
2013 Rakhwala Dinesh Lal Yadav
2014 Devra Bhail Deewana Pradeep Pandey ("Chintu"), Manoj Tiwari, Pakhi Hegde, Kajal Raghwani
Nirahua Hindustani Dinesh Lal Yadav, Amrapali Dubey
2015 Dulara Pradeep Pandey ("Chintu")
2016 Dulhan Chahi Pakistan Se Pradeep Pandey ("Chintu"), Shubhi Sharma
2017 Mehandi Laga Ke Rakhna Khesari Lal Yadav, Kajal Raghwani
Dhadkan Pawan Singh, Akshara Singh
Tabadala Pawan Singh, Mohan Joshi
Sarkar Raj Pawan Singh, Monalisa
Satya Pawan Singh, Monalisa
Nirahua Hindustani 2 Dinesh Lal Yadav, Amrapali Dubey
Mai Sehra Bandh Ke Aaunga Khesari Lal Yadav, Kajal Raghwani
Muqaddar Khesari Lal Yadav, Kajal Raghwani
2018 Mehandi Laga Ke Rakhna 2 Pradeep Pandey ("Chintu")
Dulhan Ganga Paar Ke Khesari Lal Yadav, Kajal Raghwani
Maa Tujhe Salaam Pawan Singh, Madhu Sharma
Sangharsh Khesari Lal Yadav, Kajal Raghwani
Dabang Sarkar Khesari Lal Yadav, Kajal Raghwani
Nagraj Yash Kumar, Anjana Singh, Paysi Pandit
Damru Khesari Lal Yadav
Dulhan Chahi Pakistan Se 2 Pradeep Pandey ("Chintu"), Rahul Dev
Sanki Daroga Ravi Kishan, Anjana Singh
Balam Ji Love You Khesari Lal Yadav, Kajal Raghwani
Indian Viraj[20] Prince Singh Rajput
Loha Pahalwan Pawan Singh
Nagdev[21] Khesari Lal Yadav, Kajal Raghwani
Nirahua Chalal London Dinesh Lal Yadav, Amrapali Dubey

Awards
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See also

General sources
  • Ghosh, Avijit (2010). Cinema Bhojpuri. Penguin Books Limited. ISBN 978-81-8475-256-4.
  • Gokulsing, K. Moti; Dissanayake, Wimal (2013). Routledge Handbook of Indian Cinemas. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-136-77284-9.

Citations
  1. "Bhojiwood Losing Its Lustre". Archived from the original on 17 November 2017.
  2. "Bhojpuri film industry now a Rs 2000 crore industry". Archived from the original on 17 November 2017.
  3. "Regional pride". Business standard. 24 June 2010. Archived from the original on 27 February 2014. Retrieved 22 February 2014.
  4. Mesthrie, Rajend (1991). Language in Indenture: A Sociolinguistic History of Bhojpuri-Hindi in South Africa. London: Routledge. pp. 19–32. ISBN 0-415-06404-X.
  5. "First Bhojpuri Film To Be Screened During Bihar Divas". NDTV Movies. 17 March 2011. Archived from the original on 25 September 2012.
  6. IMDB Archived 2012-08-26 at WebCite
  7. Tripathy, Ratnakar (2007) 'Bhojpuri Cinema', South Asian Popular Culture, 5:2, 145-165
  8. Subhash K. Jha (29 March 2006). "Meet the star of Bhojpuri cinema". Rediff. Archived from the original on 21 June 2009. Retrieved 10 December 2009.
  9. "Move over Bollywood, Here's Bhojpuri," BBC News Online: http://news.bbc.co.uk/go/pr/fr/-/1/hi/world/south_asia/4512812.stm
  10. Ashish Mitra (8 December 2006). "Bhojpuri industry On a High". Screen. Retrieved 10 December 2009.
  11. "Not moving closer to Congress: Shatrughan Sinha". The Hindu. 14 April 2008. Archived from the original on 6 November 2012. Retrieved 10 December 2009.
  12. "Mithun's first Bhojpuri film creates record in Bihar". Screen. 3 October 2008. Archived from the original on 5 October 2008. Retrieved 10 December 2009.
  13. Kapoor, Saurabh (7 February 2008). "Bhojpuri cinema heads to Berlin". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 11 May 2018.
  14. Discovery of 2008: Siddharth Sinha, Silver Bear Winner at Berlin Archived 2010-07-05 at the Wayback Machine January 2009.
  15. "Cut to fame". Indian Express. 8 September 2009. Archived from the original on 3 October 2012.
  16. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 6 August 2013. Retrieved 16 April 2017.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  17. "Strong at 50, Bhojpuri cinema celebrates". Indian Express. 14 February 2011. Archived from the original on 19 October 2012.
  18. "Bollywood actors in Bhojpuri films. Have a look". Archived from the original on 11 January 2014. Retrieved 11 January 2014.
  19. "Abhishek to star in Bhojpuri film". Archived from the original on 11 January 2014. Retrieved 11 January 2014.
  20. "Indian Viraj Bhojpuri Movie". bhojpurifilmiduniya.com. Retrieved 12 November 2018.
  21. "Nagdev Bhojpuri Movie". www.Bhojpurifilmiduniya.com. Retrieved 16 November 2018.
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