Beryllium iodide

Beryllium iodide is the chemical compound with the formula BeI2. It is very hygroscopic and reacts violently with water, forming hydroiodic acid.

Beryllium iodide
Names
Systematic IUPAC name
Beryllium iodide
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.029.199
UNII
Properties
BeI2
Molar mass 262.821 g/mol
Appearance colorless needle-like crystals
Density 4.325 g/cm3
Melting point 480 °C (896 °F; 753 K)
Boiling point 590 °C (1,094 °F; 863 K) [1]
reacts with water[1]
Solubility Slightly soluble in CS2
Soluble in ethanol, diethyl ether[2]
Structure
orthorhombic
Thermochemistry
71.14 J/(mol × K)
130 J/mol K
Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH⦵298)
 -192.62 kJ/mol
-210 kJ/mol
Std enthalpy of
combustion (ΔcH⦵298)
 19 kJ/mol
Hazards
Main hazards see Berylliosis
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
Flammability code 3: Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Flash point between 23 and 38 °C (73 and 100 °F). E.g. gasolineHealth code 3: Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury. E.g. chlorine gasReactivity code 2: Undergoes violent chemical change at elevated temperatures and pressures, reacts violently with water, or may form explosive mixtures with water. E.g. white phosphorusSpecial hazard W: Reacts with water in an unusual or dangerous manner. E.g. sodium, sulfuric acid
3
3
2
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
 TWA 0.002 mg/m3
C 0.005 mg/m3 (30 minutes), with a maximum peak of 0.025 mg/m3 (as Be)[3]
REL (Recommended)
 Ca C 0.0005 mg/m3 (as Be)[3]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
 Ca [4 mg/m3 (as Be)][3]
Related compounds
Other anions
 Beryllium fluoride
Beryllium chloride
Beryllium bromide
Other cations
 magnesium iodide
calcium iodide
strontium iodide
barium iodide
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Reactions

Beryllium iodide can be prepared by reacting beryllium metal with elemental iodine at temperatures of 500 °C to 700 °C:[1]

Be + I2 → BeI2

Beryllium iodide is also formed when beryllium carbide reacts with hydrogen iodide in the gas phase:

Be2C + 4 HI → 2 BeI2 + CH4

The iodine in beryllium iodide is easily replaced with the other halogens; it reacts with fluorine giving beryllium fluoride and fluorides of iodine, with chlorine giving beryllium chloride, and with bromine giving beryllium bromide. Beryllium iodide also reacts violently with oxidising agents such as chlorate and permanganate to give purple vapour of iodine. The solid and vapor are both flammable in air.[2]

Applications

Beryllium iodide can be used in the preparation of high-purity beryllium by the decomposition of the compound on a hot tungsten filament.

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References
  1. Perry, Dale L.; Phillips, Sidney L. (1995), Handbook of Inorganic Compounds, CRC Press, p. 63, ISBN 0-8493-8671-3, retrieved 2007-12-10
  2. Parsons, Charles Lathrop (1909), The Chemistry and Literature of Beryllium, Easton, Pa.: Chemical Publishing, pp. 22–23, retrieved 2007-12-10
  3. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0054". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
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