Bay City Rollers

The Bay City Rollers are a Scottish pop rock band known for their worldwide teen idol popularity in the 1970s. They have been called the "tartan teen sensations from Edinburgh", and "the first of many acts heralded as the 'biggest group since the Beatles'".[4]

For the self-titled album, see Bay City Rollers (album).

Bay City Rollers
Bay City Rollers in Holland (1976)
Background information
Also known as	The Saxons, The Rollers, The New Rollers
Origin	Edinburgh, Scotland
Genres	Pop,[1] glam rock,[2] pop rock[3]
Years active	1964–1987, 1990, 1998–2000, 2015–present
Labels	Bell, Arista, Epic
Associated acts	Pilot
Website	https://www.thebaycityrollers.co.uk
Members	Stuart "Woody" Wood Ian Thomson Marcus Cordock Jamie McGrory
Past members	Neil Porteous Gregory Ellison Mike Ellison Les McKeown Alan Longmuir (deceased) Derek Longmuir Eric Faulkner Ian Mitchell Pat McGlynn Gordon "Nobby" Clark Keith Norman David Paton Eric Manclark Billy Lyall (deceased) Ray Weston Neil Henderson Jimmy Rooney Archie Marr Kyle Vincent John Devine George Spencer Duncan Faure

The group's line-up had many changes over the years, but the classic line-up during its heyday included guitarists Eric Faulkner and Stuart Wood, singer Les McKeown, bassist Alan Longmuir, and drummer Derek Longmuir. The line-up in 2018 includes guitarist Stuart Wood (Woody), singer Ian Thomson, bassist Marcus Cordock and drummer Jamie McGrory.[5]

History

Early days and formation: 1966–1973

In 1964, a trio called the Ambassadors was formed in Edinburgh, Scotland, by 16-year-old Alan Longmuir on acoustic guitar, his younger brother Derek Longmuir on drums, and their older cousin Neil Porteous on acoustic guitar. The group never performed publicly under this name,[6] just a family wedding where they covered "Wake Up Little Susie". They changed their name to the Saxons, and Derek invited his schoolfriend, Gordon "Nobby" Clark, to be the lead singer. Porteous moved from acoustic to electric guitar, and Alan Longmuir followed suit by changing to electric bass.[7] The Saxons played occasional dance hall concerts while the band members completed their schooling or worked during the day (Alan apprenticed as a plumber). Porteous left the band in July 1965, with new guitarist Dave Pettigrew filling the spot after answering an advertisement placed by the band in an Edinburgh newspaper. Pettigrew was more advanced musically than the others, and pushed the band to improve. Their repertoire included American R&B/pop songs such as "Please Mr. Postman" and "Heat Wave". They played at least one gig at the Gonk Club as the Deadbeats, but they discovered a conflict: another band was playing locally as Rock Bottom and the Deadbeats.[6]

While taking a technical class at Napier College, Alan met fellow plumbing student Gregory Ellison, who joined the Saxons on electric guitar, with Pettigrew shifting to keyboards. Gregory's older brother Mike joined as a second lead singer, allowing more complex harmonies, especially useful for the Motown songs they liked to perform. The band convinced Tam Paton, a former big band leader[8] and influential local band and club manager, to audition them at the Longmuirs' house. Paton booked them for a Thursday night at his club, the Palais, then assigned them to open for the Hipple People at Top Storey. Further gigs followed.[6]

More successful now, the Saxons moved out of the Longmuirs' back room to practise in Hermiston at a church. They played a couple of contemporary Kinks numbers but favoured American songs, including a new one: "C.C. Rider" by Mitch Ryder and the Detroit Wheels. Desiring a better name for the band, they settled on "Rollers", but needed a more powerful American-sounding term in front of that. Derek Longmuir threw a dart at a map of the United States, landing first on Arkansas. This did not meet anyone's approval, so a second dart was thrown. It landed near Bay City, Michigan. The band agreed on the name, the Bay City Rollers.[9][10] Short-term members from this period included bassist David Paton (from 1969 to 1970) and keyboardist Billy Lyall (1969–71), who went on to be founding members of another Edinburgh band, Pilot.

After signing with Bell Records, the band's first hit was "Keep On Dancing" (UK No. 9, 1971), a cover of a 1965 hit by the Gentrys.[10][11] Upon this release's success, they made appearances on BBC One's Top of the Pops.

Several non-charting singles were released over the following two years. This period saw the addition of long term member guitarist Eric Faulkner. In mid-1973, they narrowly missed the UK Singles Chart with their fourth single, "Saturday Night". By the end of 1973, Clark had become disillusioned with the band's musical direction and decided to leave just when his recording of "Remember (Sha-La-La-La)" climbed the charts to No. 6. He was replaced as lead singer by Les McKeown. A couple of months later, in early 1974, what became known as the classic line-up[10] was completed; guitarist John Devine was replaced by Stuart "Woody" Wood.

Breakthrough: 1974–1975

In late 1973, McKeown recorded lead vocals on "Remember (Sha-La-La-La)", and a lead-in to a series of UK chart hits. 16-year-old Stuart Wood completed the "classic five" line up in February 1974, a week after the band had debuted the "Remember" single on Top of the Pops. (John Devine had mimed the piano part). By early 1975, the band was well on the way to achieving global success. The "classic five" line up consisted of: Alan Longmuir, Derek Longmuir, Stuart "Woody" Wood, Eric Faulkner and Les McKeown.

Beginning with "Remember" (UK No. 6), the Rollers' popularity exploded, and they released a string of hits on the UK chart. Following in succession were "Shang-a-Lang" (UK No. 2), "Summerlove Sensation" (UK No. 3), and "All of Me Loves All of You" (UK No. 4).[4]

By early 1975, they were one of the biggest-selling acts in the UK. The successful '75 UK tour, which prompted newspaper headlines about the rise of "Rollermania"[11] (a take-off on Beatlemania a decade before). The Rollers were the subject of a 20-week UK television series, Shang-a-Lang.

A cover of the Four Seasons' "Bye, Bye, Baby" stayed at No. 1 in the UK for six weeks in March and April 1975, selling nearly a million copies and becoming the biggest seller of the year. The subsequent single, "Give a Little Love" topped the charts in July 1975, achieving their second No. 1 hit.[4][10] Two full-length LPs were produced during this period: Once Upon a Star (1975) and Wouldn't You Like It? (1975). Faulkner and Wood undertook the majority of the songwriting duties.

By this time, Bay City Roller fans had a completely distinctive style of dress, featuring calf-length tartan trousers and tartan scarves.[10]

English singer-songwriter Nick Lowe wrote a "Jaundiced" (in Lowe's words[12]) paean to the band titled "Bay City Rollers We Love You". The track was "carefully sculpted" to be poor enough to get Lowe out of a recording contract with United Artists. The strategy backfired. UA issued the record as by the Tartan Horde,[13] which was the name given to Rollers fans in England, and it became a substantial hit in Japan.[12] Lowe was obliged to record a follow-up song called "Rollers Show", which did not meet with the same commercial success. This follow-up song was included on the US release of Lowe's first album, Pure Pop for Now People.

World impact: 1976

As the group's popularity swelled to superstardom in the UK, a concerted effort was made by Arista Records (the record company that evolved from Bell) to launch the Rollers in North America. New Arista head, Clive Davis, was instrumental in grooming and overseeing the project. His work paid off, as in late 1975, the Rollers reached No. 1 on the US Billboard Hot 100 with "Saturday Night". Ironically, "Saturday Night" had missed the UK chart completely two years earlier.[10] The Rollers gave the track their American debut, via a satellite-link performance on Saturday Night Live, with Howard Cosell. In Canada, it fared equally well, hitting No. 1 on the RPM national singles chart on 10 January 1976.[14] The Bay City Rollers (1975) album (North American release only) hit No. 1 in the same chart on 7 February.[14]

A second North American hit came with "Money Honey", written by Faulkner, which hit No. 9 in the US. In Canada, it fared better, following its predecessor to the top, giving them their second No. 1 in the RPM national singles chart on 13 March 1976.[15]

The North America/Japan release album Rock n' Roll Love Letter (1976) jumped from No. 25, to the top position, in a single week in Canada. This deposed their own Bay City Rollers (1975) album at No. 1 on the national chart, on 27 March 1976,[16] However, it only managed to achieve the No. 31 spot on the US Billboard chart.

They were also extremely popular in Australia. One example of their popularity, was put into the book about Countdown – the Australian TV music show which ran from 1974 - 1987. Their 1976 appearance on Countdown coincided with a total eclipse of the sun. Director Ted Emery recalled:[17]

(there)... were thousands of kids done up in tartan pants that didn't reach the top of their shoes, constantly bashing on the plexiglas doors. They would do anything... to get into that television studio. There's 200 kids bashing on the door and a total eclipse of the sun occurred. I'd never seen one. On this day we all stopped in the studio and the Rollers went up on the roof. We stood out there and watched the flowers close up and all the automatic street lighting come on. It was chilling, the most fantastic thing you'd ever see. Downstairs the kids never turned around, staring into the plexiglas waiting to see the Rollers come out of the studio, go down the corridor and into the canteen. (They) never noticed the total eclipse of the sun.

By early 1976, the strain of success (and the discomfort of being a man in his late 20s in a teen band) had taken its toll on bassist Alan Longmuir, who decided to leave the group.[10] He was replaced for seven months by 17-year-old Ian Mitchell from Northern Ireland – the first band member born outside Edinburgh, Scotland.[10] With Mitchell, the group released an album titled Dedication (1976), and hit the charts with a cover version of the Dusty Springfield song, "I Only Want to Be with You. " The song reached US No. 12, as well as "Yesterday's Hero" (featuring live material from a 1976 personal appearance in Toronto's Nathan Phillips Square),[18] and "Dedication".

1977–1979

As the Rollers' popularity waned, the shuffling of personnel continued; Mitchell quit the band. He was replaced by guitarist Pat McGlynn. Further struggles involved the direction of their sound, as the members wished to pursue more sophisticated styles. They settled on David Bowie's producer, Harry Maslin, and in August 1977 released It's a Game as a four-piece group, comprising McKeown, Wood, Faulkner and Derek Longmuir. The It's a Game tour was recorded in 1977 at Japan's Budokan Hall, and was later released in 2001 as Rollerworld: Live at the Budokan 1977.

On the tour, they covered an unsuccessful 1973 single by String Driven Thing, "It's a Game" to give them their final UK Top 20 hit (#16 in May 1977). Oddly enough, this single provided them with their highest-charting German hit, reaching No. 4 in the same year.[19] The follow-up "You Made Me Believe in Magic" could only make No. 34 in July in the UK and No. 10 in the US, but this would be their final major success there, too.[10]

New singer, new name

At the end of 1978, the band had split with McKeown, then fired manager Tam Paton shortly after, and decided to continue in a more new wave, rock-oriented sound. Their name was now the Rollers. South African-born Duncan Faure joined the band as new lead vocalist, guitarist and songwriter. With Faure, the line-up produced three albums: Elevator (1979), Voxx (1980) and Ricochet (1981).[10] Following the expiry of the band's Arista contract, neither of the releases sold as well as expected, and they stopped touring by late 1981.

Thirty-five years after its release, The Federalist described Ricochet as a pop rock masterpiece, demonstrating a maturity in the band's musical style.[20] The A.V. Club agreed, comparing Ricochet to the pop/new wave style of the Cars, and recommending the album be "rescued from obscurity".[21]

1980s–2000s

During the 1980s and 1990s, there were a few short tours. Seven past members played Japan in 1982, and again in 1983. A reunion album, Breakout, was released in Japan and Australia in 1985, and added drummer George Spencer. Breakout was written primarily by McKeown and McGlynn with minor contributions from Faulkner, Wood, and Mitchell.

In the late 1980s, a version of the band called the New Rollers was formed featuring Faulkner on lead vocals, Kass (Karen Prosser) on vocals, Jason Medvec on guitar, Andy Boakes on bass, Mark Roberts on drums. The band toured extensively throughout the US and Canada as well as tours of the UK and Australia. This group also released an independent four-song EP titled Party Harty.

In 1990, Stuart Wood and Alan Longmuir joined with Faulkner to tour under the Bay City Rollers name, and issued several CDs of re-recordings of the old Roller tunes.

The classic line-up (minus Derek Longmuir)[22] performed a one-off New Year's Eve millennium concert, the last official Bay City Rollers concert (1999–2000) in the shadow of Edinburgh Castle in Scotland. Interest was rekindled in the UK by various television documentaries about the group; and a new television-advertised compilation of greatest hits, Very Best of the Bay City Rollers, entered the UK Albums Chart, on release in 2004 at No. 11.[4]

On 22 September 2015 the Bay City Rollers, including McKeown, Stuart “Woody” Wood and Alan Longmuir announced that they were reforming and would play a show at the Glasgow Barrowlands on 20 December.[23]

On 27 February 2018, Stuart “Woody” Wood announced that the new Bay City Rollers would be performing in Tokyo, Japan in June of the same year. The band comprises Woody on guitar, Ian Thomson on lead vocals and guitar, Marcus Cordock on bass, and Jamie McGrory on drums.[24]

Bassist Alan Longmuir died on 2 July 2018 after falling ill while on holiday with his wife in Mexico.[25] His autobiography I Ran With The Gang: My Life In and Out of The Bay City Rollers was published posthumously in November 2018. The book was written with Martin Knight.

Financial disputes

According to the BBC, the Bay City Rollers sold 120 million records.[26]

In March 2007, six former members of the group (Faure plus the "classic line-up") announced a lawsuit against Arista Records in hopes of claiming what they described as "tens of millions of dollars" of unpaid royalties. Nobby Clark threatened to sue the other band members if their lawsuit were successful, stating that he was the creative force behind the band's success, despite the fact that he left the group in 1973, before the bulk of their fame and fortune began.[27][28]

In September 2010, Gordon "Nobby" Clark, Ian Mitchell and Pat McGlynn filed a complaint in the courts, in the United States, against the six members (Faure plus the "classic line-up"), over being excluded from the case against Arista records. Clark, Mitchell and McGlynn were seeking to have their rights determined, and were also seeking financial damages against the other Bay City Rollers, for alleged breach of contract. In 2013 a judge in the United States Circuit Court of Appeals ruled against the three due to the statute of frauds, which establishes that certain agreements must be in writing under certain conditions, with the appellate judge ruling, "A claim for unjust enrichment must be based on the value of plaintiffs' contribution to the joint effort of the band at the time it made the relevant records, not on the income stream resulting from a revival over thirty years later,"[29]

In March 2011, a New York judge determined that the Bay City Rollers could move forward with their four-year-old lawsuit against Arista Records. Arista denied responsibility for the majority of the royalties, citing a New York statute of limitations. The statute limits plaintiffs from recovering damages post six years in contract disputes; therefore would negate the Rollers' claims for royalties incurred prior to 2001. However, since Arista had continued to promise the Bay City Rollers their royalties, in writing, the judge ruled that the statute was not applicable.[30]

After almost a decade, the legal battle came to an end with an out-of-court settlement in 2016. Arista Records' parent company - Sony Music, is believed to have paid $3.5 million, with each band member receiving £70,000.[31]

Discography

Main article: Bay City Rollers discography

References

1. Ian Brown (26 November 2010). From Tartan to Tartanry: Scottish Culture, History and Myth: Scottish Culture, History and Myth. Edinburgh University Press. pp. 201–. ISBN 978-0-7486-4449-0.
2. Mark Johnson (1 April 2016). Seditious Theology: Punk and the Ministry of Jesus. Routledge. pp. 13–. ISBN 978-1-317-05785-7.
3. "Bay City Rollers - Biography & History - AllMusic". AllMusic. Retrieved 27 October 2018.
4. Roberts, David (2006). British Hit Singles & Albums (19th ed.). London: Guinness World Records Limited. p. 45. ISBN 1-904994-10-5.
5. "BAY CITY ROLLERS - OFFICIAL WEBSITE". Thebaycityrollers.co.uk. Retrieved 27 October 2018.
6. Spence, Simon (2016). When The Screaming Stops: The Dark History Of The Bay City Rollers. Omnibus Press. pp. 33–35. ISBN 9781783237050.
7. Coy, W. (2005), Bay City Babylon: The Unbelievable But True Story of the Bay City Rollers, pp 12–13. Hats Off Books, ISBN 978-1587364631
8. Finney, Ritchie. "Tam Paton Spills The Heinz Baked Beans!". Bilbo Baggins Home Page. Morley Enterprises. Archived from the original on 10 September 2016. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
9. "The Bay City Roller Who Rued The Day He Became A Pop Star". Bay City Rollers. Weebly. 10 March 1997. Retrieved 21 November 2018. Originally published in the Daily Mail.
10. Strong, Martin C. (2000). The Great Rock Discography (5th ed.). Edinburgh: Mojo Books. pp. 2–3. ISBN 1-84195-017-3.
11. Roberts, David (1998). Guinness Rockopedia (1st ed.). London: Guinness Publishing Ltd. p. 30. ISBN 0-85112-072-5.
12. "Q and A with Nick Lowe". Canada.com. 6 October 2007. Archived from the original on 1 May 2014. Retrieved 24 April 2014.
13. "NICK LOWE DISCOGRAPHY – PART 1". Nicklowedisc.tripod.com. Retrieved 24 April 2014.
14. "Collectionscanada.gc.ca". Collectionscanada.gc.ca. Archived from the original on 15 October 2012. Retrieved 16 July 2011.
15. "Item Display – RPM – Library and Archives Canada". Collectionscanada.gc.ca. Archived from the original on 15 October 2012. Retrieved 16 July 2011.
16. "Item Display – RPM – Library and Archives Canada". Collectionscanada.gc.ca. Archived from the original on 20 October 2012. Retrieved 16 July 2011.
17. Wilmoth, Peter – Glad All Over – The Countdown Years 1974–1987 McPhee Gribble/Penguin Books, 1993. Page 149
18. "Youtube.com". YouTube. 15 June 2009. Retrieved 16 July 2011.
19. Starke Zeiten, Hit-Bilanz, 1988 BMG-Ariola 258850
20. "Nobody's Ever Heard Of The Best Bay City Rollers Album". 5 August 2016. Retrieved 27 October 2018.
21. Blevins, Joe. "Read This: This Bay City Rollers LP should be rescued from obscurity". News.avcluv.com. Retrieved 27 October 2018.
22. Longmuir, Derek. "Former Bay City Roller escapes jail on child porn charges". The Guardian.
23. Dingwall, John (22 September 2015). "Bay City Rollers are back: Watch our video as pop icons announce reunion". Dailyrecord.co.uk. Retrieved 17 October 2019.
24. "New generation Bay City Rollers to perform 2 nights in Tokyo". Japantoday.com. Retrieved 17 October 2019.
25. "Bay City Roller Alan Longmuir dies". Bbc.com. 2 July 2018. Retrieved 17 October 2019.
26. "Bay City Rollers announce reunion". BBC News. 22 September 2015. Retrieved 22 September 2015.
27. "Scottish News - The Scotsman". Scotsman.com. Archived from the original on 28 March 2007.
28. "Scottish News - The Scotsman". Scotsman.com. Archived from the original on 17 May 2007.
29. Gardner, Eriq (29 August 2013). "Three Ex-Members of Bay City Rollers Denied in Royalty Collection Attempt". Hollywoodreporter.com. Retrieved 17 September 2013.
30. Mickie (1 June 2011). "Mickie's Zoo: Bay City Rollers to continue suit against Arista Records". Mickieszoo.blogspot.com. Retrieved 16 July 2011.
31. "Bay City Rollers legal battle reaches end of the road". www.scotsman.com. Retrieved 16 April 2020.

Further reading

• Brigitte Tast, Hans-Jürgen Tast: Wie weit ist vorbei? Ein Konzert, eine Party und Meldungen aus der ganzen Welt. Kulleraugen - Visuelle Kommunikation Nr. 48, Schellerten 2016, ISBN 978-3-88842-048-1.